Introduction
Methods
Data sources and sample size
Province | General information at provincial level | Specific information on study sites and hospitals involved | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population size in 2011a, 10 000 | GDP per capita in 2011a, CNY | City or cities involved | Total number of hospitals involved | No.( level) of general hospital involved | No./level of specialized hospital involved | |
Eastern region | ||||||
Guangdong | 10,505 | 50,807 | 5 (Five cities b) | 6 | 6 (3A) | 0 |
Shandong | 9637 | 47,335 | 1 (Jinan) | 1 | 0 | 1 (3A) |
Beijing | 2019 | 81,658 | 1 (Beijing) | 5 | 3 (2 × 3A/1 × 3B or less) | 2 (3A) |
Zhejiang | 5463 | 59,249 | 2 (Hangzhou, Ningbo) | 2 | 1 (3A) | 1 (3A) |
Jiangsu | 7899 | 62,290 | 2 (Nantong, Xuzhou) | 3 | 1 (3B or less) | 2 (3A) |
Liaoning | 4383 | 50,760 | 2 (Shenyang, Tieling) | 2 | 1 (3A) | 1 (3A) |
Central region | ||||||
Hebei | 7241 | 33,969 | 1 (Tangshan) | 2 | 2 (3A) | 0 |
Henan | 9388 | 28,661 | 1 (Zhengzhou) | 1 | 0 | 1 (3A) |
Hunan | 6596 | 29,880 | 1 (Changsha) | 1 | 0 | 1 (3A) |
Heilongjiang | 3834 | 32,819 | 2 (Harbin, Daqing) | 4 | 2 (3A) | 2 (3A) |
Western region | ||||||
Xinjiang | 2209 | 30,087 | 1 (Urumchi) | 1 | 0 | 1 (3A) |
Chongqing | 2919 | 34,500 | 1 (Chongqing) | 1 | 0 | 1 (3A) |
Gansu | 2564 | 19,595 | 2 (Lanzhou, Jinchang) | 8 | 6 (3B or less) | 2 (3A/3B or less) |
Overall | – | – | 22 | 37 | 22 | 15 |
Medical expenditure data and inclusion/exclusion criteria
Data analysis
Results
Sample characteristics
Variable | Results (n = 15,437) | |
---|---|---|
Regiona, n (%) | ||
East | 7799 | (50.52) |
Central | 3653 | (23.66) |
West | 3985 | (25.81) |
Hospital type, n (%) | ||
General | 4658 | (30.17) |
Specialized | 10,779 | (69.83) |
Hospital level, n (%) | ||
3 A | 14,381 | (93.16) |
3 B or less | 1056 | (6.84) |
Gender | ||
Male | 10,786 | (69.87) |
Female | 4651 | (30.13) |
Age at diagnosis, years, mean ± SD | 59.53 ± 11.19 | |
Age at diagnosis, years | ||
< 45 | 1537 | (9.96) |
45–54 | 3373 | (21.85) |
55–64 | 5116 | (33.14) |
≥ 65 | 5411 | (35.05) |
Pathological typeb | ||
Squamous cell carcinoma | 5380 | (38.61) |
Adenocarcinoma | 4943 | (35.47) |
Others | 3611 | (25.91) |
Clinical stageb | ||
I | 2922 | (18.93) |
II | 2344 | (15.18) |
III | 4507 | (29.2) |
IV | 5005 | (32.42) |
Not reported | 659 | (4.27) |
The proportion of morphological verification, % | 12,291 | (79.64) |
Number of clinical visits per case, Median (P5-P95) | 1 (1–8) | |
Number of clinical visits per case | ||
1 | 8975 | (58.14) |
2 | 2182 | (14.13) |
3 | 1461 | (9.46) |
4 + | 2819 | (18.26) |
Number of length of stay per case, Median (P25-P75) | 26 (14–55) | |
Type of therapy | ||
Surgery | 2873 | (19) |
Radiotherapy | 1159 | (7.67) |
Surgery & Radiotherapy | 95 | (0.63) |
Chemotherapy | 4289 | (28.37) |
Surgery & Chemotherapy | 2627 | (17.37) |
Radiotherapy & Chemotherapy | 1486 | (9.83) |
Palliative care | 1923 | (12.72) |
Others | 668 | (4.42) |
% of cases with any comorbidities | 5098 | (33.02) |
% of cases with any complications | 1431 | (9.27) |
Medical expenditure for lung cancer diagnosis and treatment
Variable | Expenditure per
case during 2002–2011, CNY Mean
(95% CI) | Value | P | Expenditure per case during 2009–2011, CNY Mean (95% CI) | Value | P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | 39,015(38,401–39,629) | 44,809 (43,656–45,962) | ||||
Region | 378.00 | < 0.001a | 223.69 | < 0.001a | ||
East | 43,100(42,185–44,015) | 51,414 (49,721–53,107) | ||||
Central | 38,003(37,014–38,992) | 46,151 (44,045–48,257) | ||||
West | 31,948(30,701–33,196) | 32,439 (30,347–34,531) | ||||
Hospital type | − 17.94 | < 0.001b | − 4.61 | < 0.001b | ||
General hospital | 32,043(31,054–33,031) | 43,182 (41,131–45,232) | ||||
Specialized hospital | 42,028(41,266–42,790) | 45,637 (44,245–47,029) | ||||
Hospital level | 19.95 | < 0.001b | 14.83 | < 0.001b | ||
3 A | 40,173(39,531–40,815) | 46,192 (45,000–47,383) | ||||
3 B or less | 23,246(21,457–25,034) | 18,660 (15,710–21,611) | ||||
Number of clinical visits per case | 1671.52 | < 0.001a | 408.03 | < 0.001a | ||
1 | 23,870(23,380–24,360) | 26,696 (25,698–27,693) | ||||
2 | 45,966(44,430–47,501) | 48,008 (45,276–50,739) | ||||
3 | 59,332(57,165–61,499) | 59,473 (55,859–63,087) | ||||
4 + | 71,323(69,462–73,183) | 70,397 (67,671–73,122) | ||||
Gender | 6.18 | < 0.001b | 1.57 | 0.116b | ||
Male | 40,035(39,287–40,784) | 45,285 (43,885–46,684) | ||||
Female | 36,649(35,582–37,715) | 43,766 (41,732–45,799) | ||||
Age at diagnosis, years | 8.35 | < 0.001a | 9.41 | < 0.001a | ||
< 45 | 38,198(36,210–40,186) | 43,750 (39,551–47,949) | ||||
45–54 | 39,202(37,913–40,491) | 47,391 (44,746–50,036) | ||||
55–64 | 40,139(39,070–41,208) | 46,288 (44,401–48,176) | ||||
≥ 65 | 38,068(37,026–39,110) | 42,152 (40,236–44,068) | ||||
Pathological type | 67.80 | < 0.001b | 32.21 | < 0.001b | ||
Squamous cell carcinoma | 39,154(38,189–40,119) | 47,491 (45,509–49,473) | ||||
Adenocarcinoma | 43,416(42,280–44,552) | 50,693 (48,676–52,710) | ||||
Others | 36,854(35,548–38,161) | 42,886 (40,259–45,474) | ||||
Clinical stage | 21.03 | < 0.001a | 21.81 | < 0.001a | ||
I | 36,413(35,307–37,520) | 42,960 (40,820–45,101) | ||||
II | 36,713(35,357–38,070) | 43,851 (41,068–46,635) | ||||
III | 41,069(39,907–42,232) | 45,861 (43,754–47,968) | ||||
IV | 39,904(38,694–41,115) | 42,914 (40,703–45,125) |
Variable | Expenditure per case during 2002–2011, CNY Mean (95% CI) | Value | P | Expenditure per case during 2009–2011, CNY Mean (95% CI) | Value | P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | 49,432(48,654–50,210) | 56,773(55,312–58,233) | ||||
Region | 378.00 | < 0.001a | 223.69 | < 0.001a | ||
East | 54,607(53,448–55,767) | 65,142(62,997–67,287) | ||||
Central | 58,473(55,805–61,142) | |||||
West | 40,478(46,897–49,403) | 41,100(38,450–43,751) | ||||
Hospital type | − 17.94 | < 0.001b | − 4.61 | < 0.001b | ||
General hospital | 40,598(39,345–41,850) | 54,712(52,113–57,309) | ||||
Specialized hospital | 53,249(52,284–54,215) | 57,822(56,058–21,576) | ||||
Hospital level | 19.95 | < 0.001b | 14.83 | < 0.001b | ||
3A | 50,899(50,085–51,713) | 58,525(57,015–60,034) | ||||
3A less | 29,453(27,186–31,718) | 23,642(19,905–27,381) | ||||
Number of clinical visits per case | 1671.52 | < 0.001a | 408.03 | < 0.001a | ||
1 | 30,243(29,622–30,864) | 33,824(32,559–35,087) | ||||
2 | 58,239(56,293–60,184) | 60,826(57,365–64,286) | ||||
3 | 75,174(72,428–77,919) | 75,352(70,773–79,931) | ||||
4 + | 90,366(88,008–92,723) | 89,193(85,739–92,646) | ||||
Gender | 6.18 | < 0.001b | 1.57 | 0.116b | ||
Male | 50,724(49,777–51,673) | 57,376(55,602–58,027) | ||||
Female | 46,434(45,082–47,785) | 55,452(52,874–58,027) | ||||
Age at diagnosis, y | 8.35 | < 0.001a | 9.41 | < 0.001a | ||
< 45 | 48,397(45,878–50,916) | 55,431(50,111–60,751) | ||||
45–54 | 49,669(48,036–51,302) | 60,044(56,693–63,396) | ||||
55–64 | 50,856(49,502–52,211) | 58,647(56,256–61,039) | ||||
≥ 65 | 48,232(46,912–49,552) | 53,407(50,979–55,834) | ||||
Pathological type | 67.80 | < 0.001b | 32.21 | < 0.001b | ||
Squamous cell carcinoma | 49,608(48,385–50,831) | 60,171(57,660–62,682) | ||||
Adenocarcinoma | 55,008(53,569–56,447) | 64,228(61,672–66,784) | ||||
Others | 46,694(45,039–48,350) | 54,337(51,008–57,616) | ||||
Clinical stage | 21.03 | < 0.001a | 21.81 | < 0.001a | ||
I | 46,135(44,734–47,538) | 54,430(51,719–57,143) | ||||
II | 46,515(44,797–48,235) | 55,559(52,033–59,087) | ||||
III | 52,034(50,562–53,508) | 58,106(55,436–60,775) | ||||
IV | 50,558(49,025–52,093) | 54,372(51,571–57,173) |