Skip to main content
Erschienen in: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 4/2016

14.03.2016 | Original Article

Molecular characteristics of penicillin-binding protein 2b, 2x and 1a sequences in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates causing invasive diseases among children in Northeast China

verfasst von: X. Zhou, J. Liu, Z. Zhang, Y. Liu, Y. Wang, Y. Liu

Erschienen in: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases | Ausgabe 4/2016

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the common pathogens causing severe invasive infections in children. This study aimed to investigate the serotype distribution and variations of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) 2b, 2x and 1a in S. pneumoniae isolates causing invasive diseases in Northeast China. A total of 256 strains were isolated from children with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) from January 2000 to October 2014. All strains were serotyped and determined for antibiotic resistance. The amplicons of penicillin-binding domains in pbp1a, pbp2b and pbp2x genes were sequenced for variation identification. The most prevalent serotypes of isolates in IPD children were 19A, 14, 19F, 23F and 6B. 19A and 19F were the most frequent serotypes of penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae (PRSP), which present with high resistance to amoxicillin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and meropenem. The numbers of amino acid substitutions of penicillin-non-susceptible S. pneumoniae (PNSP) isolates were higher than those of penicillin-sensitive S. pneumoniae isolates in all the PBP genes (p < 0.01). The patterns of amino acid mutation in PBP2b, PBP2x and PBP1a were unique and different from those of other countries. All of the serotype 19A and 19F PRSP isolates carried 25 amino acid mutations, including Ala618 → Gly between positions 560 and 675 in PBP2b and Thr338 → Ala substitutions in PBP2x. The amino acid alterations in PBP2b, PBP2x and PBP1a from S. pneumoniae were closely associated with resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. This study provides new data for further monitoring of genetic changes related to the emergence and spread of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics in China.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat World Health Organization (2012) Pneumococcal vaccines WHO position paper—2012. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 87(14):129–144 World Health Organization (2012) Pneumococcal vaccines WHO position paper—2012. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 87(14):129–144
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Chen Y, Deng W, Wang SM, Mo QM, Jia H, Wang Q, Li SG, Li X, Yao BD, Liu CJ, Zhan YQ, Ji C, Lopez AL, Wang XY (2011) Burden of pneumonia and meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in China among children under 5 years of age: a systematic literature review. PLoS One 6(11), e27333. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0027333 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Chen Y, Deng W, Wang SM, Mo QM, Jia H, Wang Q, Li SG, Li X, Yao BD, Liu CJ, Zhan YQ, Ji C, Lopez AL, Wang XY (2011) Burden of pneumonia and meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in China among children under 5 years of age: a systematic literature review. PLoS One 6(11), e27333. doi:10.​1371/​journal.​pone.​0027333 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
3.
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Kim SH, Song JH, Chung DR, Thamlikitkul V, Yang Y, Wang H, Lu M, So TM, Hsueh PR, Yasin RM, Carlos CC, Pham HV, Lalitha MK, Shimono N, Perera J, Shibl AM, Baek JY, Kang CI, Ko KS, Peck KR; ANSORP Study Group (2012) Changing trends in antimicrobial resistance and serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Asian countries: an Asian Network for Surveillance of Resistant Pathogens (ANSORP) study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 56(3):1418–1426. doi:10.1128/AAC.05658-11 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kim SH, Song JH, Chung DR, Thamlikitkul V, Yang Y, Wang H, Lu M, So TM, Hsueh PR, Yasin RM, Carlos CC, Pham HV, Lalitha MK, Shimono N, Perera J, Shibl AM, Baek JY, Kang CI, Ko KS, Peck KR; ANSORP Study Group (2012) Changing trends in antimicrobial resistance and serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Asian countries: an Asian Network for Surveillance of Resistant Pathogens (ANSORP) study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 56(3):1418–1426. doi:10.​1128/​AAC.​05658-11 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Navarre WW, Schneewind O (1999) Surface proteins of gram-positive bacteria and mechanisms of their targeting to the cell wall envelope. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 63(1):174–229PubMedPubMedCentral Navarre WW, Schneewind O (1999) Surface proteins of gram-positive bacteria and mechanisms of their targeting to the cell wall envelope. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 63(1):174–229PubMedPubMedCentral
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Grebe T, Hakenbeck R (1996) Penicillin-binding proteins 2b and 2x of Streptococcus pneumoniae are primary resistance determinants for different classes of beta-lactam antibiotics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 40(4):829–834PubMedPubMedCentral Grebe T, Hakenbeck R (1996) Penicillin-binding proteins 2b and 2x of Streptococcus pneumoniae are primary resistance determinants for different classes of beta-lactam antibiotics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 40(4):829–834PubMedPubMedCentral
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Nagai K, Davies TA, Jacobs MR, Appelbaum PC (2002) Effects of amino acid alterations in penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) 1a, 2b, and 2x on PBP affinities of penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, cefditoren, cefuroxime, cefprozil, and cefaclor in 18 clinical isolates of penicillin-susceptible, -intermediate, and -resistant pneumococci. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 46(5):1273–1280CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Nagai K, Davies TA, Jacobs MR, Appelbaum PC (2002) Effects of amino acid alterations in penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) 1a, 2b, and 2x on PBP affinities of penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, cefditoren, cefuroxime, cefprozil, and cefaclor in 18 clinical isolates of penicillin-susceptible, -intermediate, and -resistant pneumococci. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 46(5):1273–1280CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Smith AM, Klugman KP (1998) Alterations in PBP 1A essential-for high-level penicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 42(6):1329–1333PubMedPubMedCentral Smith AM, Klugman KP (1998) Alterations in PBP 1A essential-for high-level penicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 42(6):1329–1333PubMedPubMedCentral
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Asahi Y, Takeuchi Y, Ubukata K (1999) Diversity of substitutions within or adjacent to conserved amino acid motifs of penicillin-binding protein 2X in cephalosporin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 43(5):1252–1255PubMedPubMedCentral Asahi Y, Takeuchi Y, Ubukata K (1999) Diversity of substitutions within or adjacent to conserved amino acid motifs of penicillin-binding protein 2X in cephalosporin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 43(5):1252–1255PubMedPubMedCentral
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) (2013) Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; Twenty-second informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S22. CLSI, Wayne, PA Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) (2013) Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; Twenty-second informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S22. CLSI, Wayne, PA
14.
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Baek JY, Ko KS, Oh WS, Jung SI, Kim YS, Chang HH, Lee H, Kim SW, Peck KR, Lee NY, Song JH (2004) Unique variations of pbp2b sequences in penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Korea. J Clin Microbiol 42(4):1746–1750CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Baek JY, Ko KS, Oh WS, Jung SI, Kim YS, Chang HH, Lee H, Kim SW, Peck KR, Lee NY, Song JH (2004) Unique variations of pbp2b sequences in penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Korea. J Clin Microbiol 42(4):1746–1750CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Granger D, Boily-Larouche G, Turgeon P, Weiss K, Roger M (2006) Molecular characteristics of pbp1a and pbp2b in clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Quebec, Canada. J Antimicrob Chemother 57(1):61–70. doi:10.1093/jac/dki401 CrossRefPubMed Granger D, Boily-Larouche G, Turgeon P, Weiss K, Roger M (2006) Molecular characteristics of pbp1a and pbp2b in clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Quebec, Canada. J Antimicrob Chemother 57(1):61–70. doi:10.​1093/​jac/​dki401 CrossRefPubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Pineda V, Fontanals D, Larramona H, Domingo M, Anton J, Segura F (2002) Epidemiology of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in children in an area of Barcelona, Spain. Acta Paediatr 91(11):1251–1256CrossRefPubMed Pineda V, Fontanals D, Larramona H, Domingo M, Anton J, Segura F (2002) Epidemiology of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in children in an area of Barcelona, Spain. Acta Paediatr 91(11):1251–1256CrossRefPubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhao C, Zhang F, Chu Y, Liu Y, Cao B, Chen M, Yu Y, Liao K, Zhang L, Sun Z, Hu B, Lei J, Hu Z, Zhang X, Wang H (2013) Phenotypic and genotypic characteristic of invasive pneumococcal isolates from both children and adult patients from a multicenter surveillance in China 2005–2011. PLoS One 8(12), e82361. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0082361 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Zhao C, Zhang F, Chu Y, Liu Y, Cao B, Chen M, Yu Y, Liao K, Zhang L, Sun Z, Hu B, Lei J, Hu Z, Zhang X, Wang H (2013) Phenotypic and genotypic characteristic of invasive pneumococcal isolates from both children and adult patients from a multicenter surveillance in China 2005–2011. PLoS One 8(12), e82361. doi:10.​1371/​journal.​pone.​0082361 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Metcalf BJ, Gertz RE Jr, Gladstone RA, Walker H, Sherwood LK, Jackson D, Li Z, Law C, Hawkins PA, Chochua S, Sheth M, Rayamajhi N, Bentley SD, Kim L, Whitney CG, McGee L, Beall B; Active Bacterial Core surveillance team (2015) Strain features and distributions in pneumococci from children with invasive disease before and after 13-valent conjugate vaccine implementation in the USA. Clin Microbiol Infect. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2015.08.027 PubMed Metcalf BJ, Gertz RE Jr, Gladstone RA, Walker H, Sherwood LK, Jackson D, Li Z, Law C, Hawkins PA, Chochua S, Sheth M, Rayamajhi N, Bentley SD, Kim L, Whitney CG, McGee L, Beall B; Active Bacterial Core surveillance team (2015) Strain features and distributions in pneumococci from children with invasive disease before and after 13-valent conjugate vaccine implementation in the USA. Clin Microbiol Infect. doi:10.​1016/​j.​cmi.​2015.​08.​027 PubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Xue L, Yao K, Xie G, Zheng Y, Wang C, Shang Y, Wang H, Wan L, Liu L, Li C, Ji W, Xu X, Wang Y, Xu P, Liu Z, Yu S, Yang Y (2010) Serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates that cause invasive disease among Chinese children. Clin Infect Dis 50(5):741–744. doi:10.1086/650534 CrossRefPubMed Xue L, Yao K, Xie G, Zheng Y, Wang C, Shang Y, Wang H, Wan L, Liu L, Li C, Ji W, Xu X, Wang Y, Xu P, Liu Z, Yu S, Yang Y (2010) Serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates that cause invasive disease among Chinese children. Clin Infect Dis 50(5):741–744. doi:10.​1086/​650534 CrossRefPubMed
27.
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Ceyhan M, Ozsurekci Y, Gürler N, Öksüz L, Aydemir S, Ozkan S, Yuksekkaya S, Emiroglu MK, Gültekin M, Yaman A, Kiremitci A, Yanık K, Karli A, Ozcinar H, Aydin F, Bayramoglu G, Zer Y, Gulay Z, Gayyurhan ED, Gül M, Özakın C, Güdücüoğlu H, Perçin D, Akpolat N, Ozturk C, Camcıoğlu Y, Öncel EK, Çelik M, Şanal L, Uslu H (2015) Serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children with invasive diseases in Turkey: 2008–2014. Hum Vaccin Immunother. doi:10.1080/21645515.2015.1078952 Ceyhan M, Ozsurekci Y, Gürler N, Öksüz L, Aydemir S, Ozkan S, Yuksekkaya S, Emiroglu MK, Gültekin M, Yaman A, Kiremitci A, Yanık K, Karli A, Ozcinar H, Aydin F, Bayramoglu G, Zer Y, Gulay Z, Gayyurhan ED, Gül M, Özakın C, Güdücüoğlu H, Perçin D, Akpolat N, Ozturk C, Camcıoğlu Y, Öncel EK, Çelik M, Şanal L, Uslu H (2015) Serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children with invasive diseases in Turkey: 2008–2014. Hum Vaccin Immunother. doi:10.​1080/​21645515.​2015.​1078952
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Pagliero E, Chesnel L, Hopkins J, Croizé J, Dideberg O, Vernet T, Di Guilmi AM (2004) Biochemical characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae penicillin-binding protein 2b and its implication in beta-lactam resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 48(5):1848–1855CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Pagliero E, Chesnel L, Hopkins J, Croizé J, Dideberg O, Vernet T, Di Guilmi AM (2004) Biochemical characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae penicillin-binding protein 2b and its implication in beta-lactam resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 48(5):1848–1855CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Granger D, Boily-Larouche G, Turgeon P, Weiss K, Roger M (2005) Genetic analysis of pbp2x in clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Quebec, Canada. J Antimicrob Chemother 55(6):832–839. doi:10.1093/jac/dki118 CrossRefPubMed Granger D, Boily-Larouche G, Turgeon P, Weiss K, Roger M (2005) Genetic analysis of pbp2x in clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Quebec, Canada. J Antimicrob Chemother 55(6):832–839. doi:10.​1093/​jac/​dki118 CrossRefPubMed
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Izdebski R, Rutschmann J, Fiett J, Sadowy E, Gniadkowski M, Hryniewicz W, Hakenbeck R (2008) Highly variable penicillin resistance determinants PBP 2x, PBP 2b, and PBP 1a in isolates of two Streptococcus pneumoniae clonal groups, Poland 23F-16 and Poland 6B-20. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 52(3):1021–1027. doi:10.1128/AAC.01082-07 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Izdebski R, Rutschmann J, Fiett J, Sadowy E, Gniadkowski M, Hryniewicz W, Hakenbeck R (2008) Highly variable penicillin resistance determinants PBP 2x, PBP 2b, and PBP 1a in isolates of two Streptococcus pneumoniae clonal groups, Poland 23F-16 and Poland 6B-20. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 52(3):1021–1027. doi:10.​1128/​AAC.​01082-07 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Tian SF, Chu YZ, Chen BY (2008) Molecular characteristics of penicillin-binding protein 2b, 2x, and 1a sequences in penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Shenyang, China. Can J Microbiol 54(6):489–494. doi:10.1139/w08-030 CrossRefPubMed Tian SF, Chu YZ, Chen BY (2008) Molecular characteristics of penicillin-binding protein 2b, 2x, and 1a sequences in penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Shenyang, China. Can J Microbiol 54(6):489–494. doi:10.​1139/​w08-030 CrossRefPubMed
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Mouz N, Gordon E, Di Guilmi AM, Petit I, Pétillot Y, Dupont Y, Hakenbeck R, Vernet T, Dideberg O (1998) Identification of a structural determinant for resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in Gram-positive bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95(23):13403–13406CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Mouz N, Gordon E, Di Guilmi AM, Petit I, Pétillot Y, Dupont Y, Hakenbeck R, Vernet T, Dideberg O (1998) Identification of a structural determinant for resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in Gram-positive bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95(23):13403–13406CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Chesnel L, Pernot L, Lemaire D, Champelovier D, Croizé J, Dideberg O, Vernet T, Zapun A (2003) The structural modifications induced by the M339F substitution in PBP2x from Streptococcus pneumoniae further decreases the susceptibility to beta-lactams of resistant strains. J Biol Chem 278(45):44448–44456. doi:10.1074/jbc.M305948200 CrossRefPubMed Chesnel L, Pernot L, Lemaire D, Champelovier D, Croizé J, Dideberg O, Vernet T, Zapun A (2003) The structural modifications induced by the M339F substitution in PBP2x from Streptococcus pneumoniae further decreases the susceptibility to beta-lactams of resistant strains. J Biol Chem 278(45):44448–44456. doi:10.​1074/​jbc.​M305948200 CrossRefPubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Lu WP, Kincaid E, Sun Y, Bauer MD (2001) Kinetics of beta-lactam interactions with penicillin-susceptible and -resistant penicillin-binding protein 2x proteins from Streptococcus pneumoniae. Involvement of acylation and deacylation in beta-lactam resistance. J Biol Chem 276(34):31494–31501. doi:10.1074/jbc.M102499200 CrossRefPubMed Lu WP, Kincaid E, Sun Y, Bauer MD (2001) Kinetics of beta-lactam interactions with penicillin-susceptible and -resistant penicillin-binding protein 2x proteins from Streptococcus pneumoniae. Involvement of acylation and deacylation in beta-lactam resistance. J Biol Chem 276(34):31494–31501. doi:10.​1074/​jbc.​M102499200 CrossRefPubMed
38.
Zurück zum Zitat du Plessis M, Bingen E, Klugman KP (2002) Analysis of penicillin-binding protein genes of clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae with reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 46(8):2349–2357CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral du Plessis M, Bingen E, Klugman KP (2002) Analysis of penicillin-binding protein genes of clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae with reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 46(8):2349–2357CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Nichol KA, Zhanel GG, Hoban DJ (2002) Penicillin-binding protein 1A, 2B, and 2X alterations in Canadian isolates of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 46(10):3261–3264CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Nichol KA, Zhanel GG, Hoban DJ (2002) Penicillin-binding protein 1A, 2B, and 2X alterations in Canadian isolates of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 46(10):3261–3264CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Reichmann P, König A, Marton A, Hakenbeck R (1996) Penicillin-binding proteins as resistance determinants in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Microb Drug Resist 2(2):177–181CrossRefPubMed Reichmann P, König A, Marton A, Hakenbeck R (1996) Penicillin-binding proteins as resistance determinants in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Microb Drug Resist 2(2):177–181CrossRefPubMed
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Job V, Carapito R, Vernet T, Dessen A, Zapun A (2008) Common alterations in PBP1a from resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae decrease its reactivity toward beta-lactams: structural insights. J Biol Chem 283(8):4886–4894. doi:10.1074/jbc.M706181200 CrossRefPubMed Job V, Carapito R, Vernet T, Dessen A, Zapun A (2008) Common alterations in PBP1a from resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae decrease its reactivity toward beta-lactams: structural insights. J Biol Chem 283(8):4886–4894. doi:10.​1074/​jbc.​M706181200 CrossRefPubMed
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) (2007) Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; Seventeenth informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S17. CLSI, Wayne, PA Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) (2007) Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; Seventeenth informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S17. CLSI, Wayne, PA
Metadaten
Titel
Molecular characteristics of penicillin-binding protein 2b, 2x and 1a sequences in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates causing invasive diseases among children in Northeast China
verfasst von
X. Zhou
J. Liu
Z. Zhang
Y. Liu
Y. Wang
Y. Liu
Publikationsdatum
14.03.2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases / Ausgabe 4/2016
Print ISSN: 0934-9723
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-4373
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-016-2582-3

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 4/2016

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 4/2016 Zur Ausgabe

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Echinokokkose medikamentös behandeln oder operieren?

06.05.2024 DCK 2024 Kongressbericht

Die Therapie von Echinokokkosen sollte immer in spezialisierten Zentren erfolgen. Eine symptomlose Echinokokkose kann – egal ob von Hunde- oder Fuchsbandwurm ausgelöst – konservativ erfolgen. Wenn eine Op. nötig ist, kann es sinnvoll sein, vorher Zysten zu leeren und zu desinfizieren. 

Umsetzung der POMGAT-Leitlinie läuft

03.05.2024 DCK 2024 Kongressbericht

Seit November 2023 gibt es evidenzbasierte Empfehlungen zum perioperativen Management bei gastrointestinalen Tumoren (POMGAT) auf S3-Niveau. Vieles wird schon entsprechend der Empfehlungen durchgeführt. Wo es im Alltag noch hapert, zeigt eine Umfrage in einem Klinikverbund.

Proximale Humerusfraktur: Auch 100-Jährige operieren?

01.05.2024 DCK 2024 Kongressbericht

Mit dem demographischen Wandel versorgt auch die Chirurgie immer mehr betagte Menschen. Von Entwicklungen wie Fast-Track können auch ältere Menschen profitieren und bei proximaler Humerusfraktur können selbst manche 100-Jährige noch sicher operiert werden.

Die „Zehn Gebote“ des Endokarditis-Managements

30.04.2024 Endokarditis Leitlinie kompakt

Worauf kommt es beim Management von Personen mit infektiöser Endokarditis an? Eine Kardiologin und ein Kardiologe fassen die zehn wichtigsten Punkte der neuen ESC-Leitlinie zusammen.

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.