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Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology

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01.01.2016 | Original Article – Cancer Research

Morphological and molecular features of oral fluid-derived exosomes: oral cancer patients versus healthy individuals

verfasst von: Ayelet Zlotogorski-Hurvitz, Dan Dayan, Gavriel Chaushu, Tuula Salo, Marilena Vered

Erschienen in: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology | Ausgabe 1/2016

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Abstract

Purpose

Oral cancer (OC) patients are at high risk to develop recurrent disease or secondary primary cancers with no available biomarkers to detect these events until a visible lesion is readily present and diagnosed by biopsy. Exosomes secreted by cancer cells are involved in tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. We aimed to determine morphological and molecular differences between oral fluid (OF)-derived exosomes of OC patients and those isolated from healthy individuals (HI).

Methods

OF from OC patients (n = 36) and HI (n = 25) was initially assessed by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Following ultracentrifugation, exosomal pellets of OC patients and HI were morphologically examined by transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blotting (WB) were used to analyze the expression of exosomal markers—CD9, CD81 and CD63.

Results

NTA showed that OC samples of OF had a significantly higher concentration of nanoparticles/ml (p = 0.01) and modal nanoparticle size (p = 0.002) compared to HI. The difference in size was structurally highlighted by AFM three-dimensional images applied on exosomal pellets. ELISA and WB showed differential expression of exosomal markers in OC exosomes compared to HI: lower expression of CD81 and CD9 in contrast to a higher expression of CD63 (~53 kDa).

Conclusions

OF-derived exosomes from OC patients differ both morphologically and molecularly from exosomes present in HI. This study is a baseline that provides a starting point for finding exosomal biomarkers for early detection of malignant changes in high-risk patients without overt clinical signs/lesions.

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Titel: Morphological and molecular features of oral fluid-derived exosomes: oral cancer patients versus healthy individuals
verfasst von: Ayelet Zlotogorski-Hurvitz
Dan Dayan
Gavriel Chaushu
Tuula Salo
Marilena Vered
Publikationsdatum: 01.01.2016
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology / Ausgabe 1/2016
Print ISSN: 0171-5216
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-1335
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-015-2005-3

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Morphological and molecular features of oral fluid-derived exosomes: oral cancer patients versus healthy individuals