N-Acetyl-l-Glutamine, A Liquid-Stable Source of Glutamine, Partially Prevents Changes in Body Weight and on Intestinal Immunity Induced by Protein Energy Malnutrition in Pigs

The goal of this study was to evaluate the preventive effect of free glutamine versus N-acetyl-l-glutamine, a liquid-stable source of glutamine, on gut damage induced by protein energy malnutrition in pigs. Healthy pigs (n=6) were fed a liquid formula for 30 days. Three subgroups of malnourished pigs (n=6) received daily 20% of the food intake recorded in control group, supplemented with calcium caseinate, glutamine, or N-acetyl-l-glutamine. Body weight was recorded, and small intestinal samples were evaluated for biochemical and immunologic parameters. Suppression in body weight gain was significantly lower in pigs fed with N-acetyl-l-glutamine than in the rest of malnourished pigs. Total number of lymphocytes, CD21⁺ B cells and CD4⁺ T cells in ileal Peyer patches were not significantly different in malnourished pigs fed with N-acetyl-l-glutamine and in healthy pigs. In conclusion, N-acetyl-l-glutamine has a moderate protective effect, partially preventing changes induced by protein energy malnutrition.