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01.05.2023 | ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Ocular retinal findings in asymptomatic patients with antiphospholipid syndrome secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus

verfasst von: Epitácio D. S. Neto, Taurino S. R. Neto, Flávio Signorelli, Gustavo G. M. Balbi, Alex H. Higashi, Mário Luiz R. Monteiro, Eloisa Bonfá, Danieli C. O. Andrade, Leandro C. Zacharias

Erschienen in: Clinical Rheumatology | Ausgabe 8/2023

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Abstract

The objective is to perform a multimodal ophthalmological evaluation, including optical coherence angiography (OCTA), asymptomatic APS secondary to SLE (APS/SLE), and compare to SLE patients and control group (CG). We performed a complete structural/functional ophthalmological evaluation using OCTA/microperimetry exam in all participants. One hundred fifty eyes/75 asymptomatic subjects [APS/SLE (n = 25), SLE (n = 25), and CG (n = 25)] were included. Ophthalmologic abnormalities occurred in 9 (36%) APS/SLE, 11 (44%) SLE, and none of CG (p < 0.001). The most common retinal finding was Drusen-like deposits (DLDs) exclusively in APS/SLE and SLE (16% vs. 24%, p = 0.75) whereas severe changes occurred solely in APS/SLE [2 paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) and 1 homonymous quadrantanopsia]. A trend of higher frequency of antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) triple positivity (100% vs. 16%, p = 0.05) and higher mean values of adjusted Global Antiphospholipid Syndrome Score (aGAPSS) (14 ± 0 vs. 9.69 ± 3.44, p = 0.09) was observed in APS/SLE with PAMM vs. those without this complication. We identified that ophthalmologic retinal abnormalities occurred in more than 1/4 of asymptomatic APS/SLE and SLE. DLDs are the most frequent with similar frequencies in both conditions whereas PAMM occurred exclusively in APS/SLE patients. The possible association of the latter condition with aPL triple positivity and high aGAPSS suggests these two conditions may underlie the retinal maculopathy. Our findings in asymptomatic patients reinforce the need for early surveillance in these patients.

Key Points

• Retinal abnormalities occur in more than 1/4 of asymptomatic APS/SLE and SLE patients.

• The occurrence of PAMM is possibly associated with APS and DLDs with SLE.

• Presence of aPL triple positivity and high aGAPSS seem to be risk factors for PAMM.

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Titel: Ocular retinal findings in asymptomatic patients with antiphospholipid syndrome secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus
verfasst von: Epitácio D. S. Neto
Taurino S. R. Neto
Flávio Signorelli
Gustavo G. M. Balbi
Alex H. Higashi
Mário Luiz R. Monteiro
Eloisa Bonfá
Danieli C. O. Andrade
Leandro C. Zacharias
Publikationsdatum: 01.05.2023
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in: Clinical Rheumatology / Ausgabe 8/2023
Print ISSN: 0770-3198
Elektronische ISSN: 1434-9949
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-023-06613-9

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Ocular retinal findings in asymptomatic patients with antiphospholipid syndrome secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus

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