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Erschienen in: Der Schmerz 6/2020

06.10.2020 | Neuropathischer Schmerz | CME

Neuropathischer Pruritus

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. Sonja Ständer, Prof. Dr. med. Martin Schmelz

Erschienen in: Der Schmerz | Ausgabe 6/2020

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Zusammenfassung

In den letzten 10 Jahren wurden spezifische Verarbeitungswege auf zellulärer und molekularer Ebene für das neuropathische Jucken charakterisiert, deren pathophysiologische Rolle jedoch ebenso wie die Frage, welche der konkurrierenden Theorien für Pruritus – Spezifität, zeitliches/räumliches Muster oder Intensität – am ehesten zutrifft, noch nicht geklärt ist. Während experimentelle Studien an Mäusen v. a. die Spezifitätstheorie bestätigen, deuten die Ergebnisse beim Menschen auf eine Rolle von räumlichen und zeitlichen Mustern hin. Die durch die Neuropathie stark reduzierte Hautinnervation könnte ein „räumliches Kontrastmuster“ liefern und die Axotomie eine De-Novo-Expression von gastrinfreisetzendem Peptid (GRP) in primären afferenten Nozizeptoren induzieren und damit die spinale Pruritusverarbeitung modulieren. Die Überschneidung von Jucken und Schmerz erschwert bei Neuropathiepatienten die direkte Übersetzung aus Tierversuchen und erfordert auf klinischer Ebene die Zusammenarbeit zwischen Schmerzmedizin und Dermatologie.
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Metadaten
Titel
Neuropathischer Pruritus
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. med. Sonja Ständer
Prof. Dr. med. Martin Schmelz
Publikationsdatum
06.10.2020
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Der Schmerz / Ausgabe 6/2020
Print ISSN: 0932-433X
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-2129
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-020-00502-9

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