nach oben

Seminars in Immunopathology

Erschienen in:

08.02.2018 | Review

Origins of antidromic activity in sensory afferent fibers and neurogenic inflammation

verfasst von: Linda S. Sorkin, Kelly A. Eddinger, Sarah A. Woller, Tony L. Yaksh

Erschienen in: Seminars in Immunopathology | Ausgabe 3/2018

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Neurogenic inflammation results from the release of biologically active agents from the peripheral primary afferent terminal. This release reflects the presence of releasable pools of active product and depolarization-exocytotic coupling mechanisms in the distal afferent terminal and serves to alter the physiologic function of innervated organ systems ranging from the skin and meninges to muscle, bone, and viscera. Aside from direct stimulation, this biologically important release from the peripheral afferent terminal can be initiated by antidromic activity arising from five anatomically distinct points of origin: (i) afferent collaterals at the peripheral-target organ level, (ii) afferent collaterals arising proximal to the target organ, (iii) from mid-axon where afferents lacking myelin sheaths (C fibers and others following demyelinating injuries) may display crosstalk and respond to local irritation, (iv) the dorsal root ganglion itself, and (v) the central terminals of the afferent in the dorsal horn where local circuits and bulbospinal projections can initiate the so-called dorsal root reflexes, i.e., antidromic traffic in the sensory afferent.

Spitzer MJ, Reeh PW, Sauer SK (2008) Mechanisms of potassium- and capsaicin-induced axonal calcitonin gene-related peptide release: involvement of L- and T-type calcium channels and TRPV1 but not sodium channels. Neuroscience 151(3):836–842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.10.030 CrossRefPubMed

Kvamme E (1998) Synthesis of glutamate and its regulation. Prog Brain Res 116:73–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6123(08)60431-8 CrossRefPubMed

Jimenez-Diaz L, Geranton SM, Passmore GM, Leith JL, Fisher AS, Berliocchi L, Sivasubramaniam AK, Sheasby A, Lumb BM, Hunt SP (2008) Local translation in primary afferent fibers regulates nociception. PLoS One 3(4):e1961. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001961 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Du J, Koltzenburg M, Carlton SM (2001) Glutamate-induced excitation and sensitization of nociceptors in rat glabrous skin. Pain 89(2):187–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3959(00)00362-6 CrossRefPubMed

Zhou S, Komak S, Du J, Carlton SM (2001) Metabotropic glutamate 1alpha receptors on peripheral primary afferent fibers: their role in nociception. Brain Res 913(1):18–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-8993(01)02747-0 CrossRefPubMed

Hucho T, Levine JD (2007) Signaling pathways in sensitization: toward a nociceptor cell biology. Neuron 55(3):365–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2007.07.008 CrossRefPubMed

Pellett S, Yaksh TL, Ramachandran R (2015) Current status and future directions of botulinum neurotoxins for targeting pain processing. Toxins (Basel) 7(11):4519–4563. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins7114519 CrossRef

Zamponi GW, Lewis RJ, Todorovic SM, Arneric SP, Snutch TP (2009) Role of voltage-gated calcium channels in ascending pain pathways. Brain Res Rev 60(1):84–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.12.021 CrossRefPubMed

Kress M, Izydorczyk I, Kuhn A (2001) N- and L- but not P/Q-type calcium channels contribute to neuropeptide release from rat skin in vitro. Neuroreport 12(4):867–870. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200103260-00048 CrossRefPubMed

10.

Saxena VK, de Deyn PP, Schoups AA, Coen EP, de Potter WP (1989) Relationship between external calcium concentration and noradrenaline- and neuropeptide Y-evoked release from perfused dog spleen. Brain Res 486(2):310–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(89)90517-9 CrossRefPubMed

11.

Just S, Heppelmann B (2002) Frequency dependent changes in mechanosensitivity of rat knee joint afferents after antidromic saphenous nerve stimulation. Neuroscience 112(4):783–789. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4522(02)00125-2 CrossRefPubMed

12.

Zhang X, Chen Y, Wang C, Huang LY (2007) Neuronal somatic ATP release triggers neuron-satellite glial cell communication in dorsal root ganglia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104(23):9864–9869. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0611048104 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

13.

Gee MD, Lynn B, Cotsell B (1997) The relationship between cutaneous C fibre type and antidromic vasodilatation in the rabbit and the rat. J Physiol 503(Pt 1):31–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.031bi.x CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

14.

Carpenter SE, Lynn B (1981) Vascular and sensory responses of human skin to mild injury after topical treatment with capsaicin. Br J Pharmacol 73(3):755–758. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.1981.tb16812.x CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

15.

Ferrell WR, Russell NJ (1986) Extravasation in the knee induced by antidromic stimulation of articular C fibre afferents of the anaesthetized cat. J Physiol 379(1):407–416. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1986.sp016260 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

16.

Levine JD, Coderre TJ, Covinsky K, Basbaum AI (1990) Neural influences on synovial mast cell density in rat. J Neurosci Res 26(3):301–307. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.490260306 CrossRefPubMed

17.

Lundberg JM, Brodin E, Hua X, Saria A (1984) Vascular permeability changes and smooth muscle contraction in relation to capsaicin-sensitive substance P afferents in the guinea-pig. Acta Physiol Scand 120(2):217–227. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.1984.tb00127.x CrossRefPubMed

18.

Michaelis M, Habler HJ, Jaenig W (1996) Silent afferents: a separate class of primary afferents? Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 23(2):99–105. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1996.tb02579.x CrossRefPubMed

19.

Schmelz M, Michael K, Weidner C, Schmidt R, Torebjork HE, Handwerker HO (2000) Which nerve fibers mediate the axon reflex flare in human skin? Neuroreport 11(3):645–648. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200002280-00041 CrossRefPubMed

20.

Chiu IM, Heesters BA, Ghasemlou N, Von Hehn CA, Zhao F, Tran J, Wainger B, Strominger A, Muralidharan S, Horswill AR, Bubeck Wardenburg J, Hwang SW, Carroll MC, Woolf CJ (2013) Bacteria activate sensory neurons that modulate pain and inflammation. Nature 501(7465):52–57. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12479 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

21.

Pinter E, Helyes Z, Nemeth J, Porszasz R, Petho G, Than M, Keri G, Horvath A, Jakab B, Szolcsanyi J (2002) Pharmacological characterisation of the somatostatin analogue TT-232: effects on neurogenic and non-neurogenic inflammation and neuropathic hyperalgesia. Naunyn Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 366(2):142–150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-002-0563-9 CrossRef

22.

Meyer RA, Davis KD, Cohen RH, Treede RD, Campbell JN (1991) Mechanically insensitive afferents (MIAs) in cutaneous nerves of monkey. Brain Res 561(2):252–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(91)91601-V CrossRefPubMed

23.

Malykhina AP, Qin C, Greenwood-van Meerveld B, Foreman RD, Lupu F, Akbarali HI (2006) Hyperexcitability of convergent colon and bladder dorsal root ganglion neurons after colonic inflammation: mechanism for pelvic organ cross-talk. Neurogastroenterol Motil 18(10):936–948. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2982.2006.00807.x CrossRefPubMed

24.

Sameda H, Takahashi Y, Takahashi K, Chiba T, Ohtori S, Moriya H (2001) Primary sensory neurons with dichotomizing axons projecting to the facet joint and the sciatic nerve in rats. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 26(10):1105–1109. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-200105150-00003 CrossRef

25.

Ohtori S, Takahashi K, Chiba T, Yamagata M, Sameda H, Moriya H (2003) Calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactive neurons with dichotomizing axons projecting to the lumbar muscle and knee in rats. Eur Spine J 12(6):576–580. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-003-0573-4 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

26.

Sameda H, Takahashi Y, Takahashi K, Chiba T, Ohtori S, Moriya H (2003) Dorsal root ganglion neurones with dichotomising afferent fibres to both the lumbar disc and the groin skin. A possible neuronal mechanism underlying referred groin pain in lower lumbar disc diseases. J Bone Joint Surg Br 85(4):600–603. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.85B4.13306 CrossRefPubMed

27.

Langford LA, Coggeshall RE (1981) Branching of sensory axons in the peripheral nerve of the rat. J Comp Neurol 203(4):745–750. https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.902030411 CrossRefPubMed

28.

Chung K, Coggeshall RE (1984) The ratio of dorsal root ganglion cells to dorsal root axons in sacral segments of the cat. J Comp Neurol 225(1):24–30. https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.902250104 CrossRefPubMed

29.

McCarthy PW, Prabhakar E, Lawson SN (1995) Evidence to support the peripheral branching of primary afferent C-fibres in the rat: an in vitro intracellular electrophysiological study. Brain Res 704(1):79–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(95)01107-2 CrossRefPubMed

30.

Ramer MS, Thompson SW, McMahon SB (1999) Causes and consequences of sympathetic basket formation in dorsal root ganglia. Pain Suppl 6:S111–S120CrossRefPubMed

31.

Xu Q, Yaksh TL (2011) A brief comparison of the pathophysiology of inflammatory versus neuropathic pain. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 24(4):400–407. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.0b013e32834871df CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

32.

Hanani M (2012) Intercellular communication in sensory ganglia by purinergic receptors and gap junctions: implications for chronic pain. Brain Res 1487:183–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2012.03.070 CrossRefPubMed

33.

Waxman SG, Zamponi GW (2014) Regulating excitability of peripheral afferents: emerging ion channel targets. Nat Neurosci 17(2):153–163. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3602 CrossRefPubMed

34.

Gouin O, L’Herondelle K, Lebonvallet N, Le Gall-Ianotto C, Sakka M, Buhe V, Plee-Gautier E, Carre JL, Lefeuvre L, Misery L, Le Garrec R (2017) TRPV1 and TRPA1 in cutaneous neurogenic and chronic inflammation: pro-inflammatory response induced by their activation and their sensitization. Protein Cell 8(9):644–661. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13238-017-0395-5 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

35.

Warwick RA, Hanani M (2013) The contribution of satellite glial cells to chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. Eur J Pain 17(4):571–580. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1532-2149.2012.00219.x CrossRefPubMed

36.

Dublin P, Hanani M (2007) Satellite glial cells in sensory ganglia: their possible contribution to inflammatory pain. Brain Behav Immun 21(5):592–598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2006.11.011 CrossRefPubMed

37.

Huang TY, Hanani M (2005) Morphological and electrophysiological changes in mouse dorsal root ganglia after partial colonic obstruction. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 289(4):G670–G678. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00028.2005 CrossRefPubMed

38.

Zhang H, Mei X, Zhang P, Ma C, White FA, Donnelly DF, Lamotte RH (2009) Altered functional properties of satellite glial cells in compressed spinal ganglia. Glia 57(15):1588–1599. https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.20872 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

39.

Huang TY, Belzer V, Hanani M (2010) Gap junctions in dorsal root ganglia: possible contribution to visceral pain. Eur J Pain 14(49):e1–11

40.

Hu P, Bembrick AL, Keay KA, McLachlan EM (2007) Immune cell involvement in dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord after chronic constriction or transection of the rat sciatic nerve. Brain Behav Immun 21(5):599–616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2006.10.013 CrossRefPubMed

41.

McLachlan EM, Hu P (1998) Axonal sprouts containing calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P form pericellular baskets around large diameter neurons after sciatic nerve transection in the rat. Neuroscience 84(4):961–965. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4522(97)00680-5 CrossRefPubMed

42.

McLachlan EM, Janig W, Devor M, Michaelis M (1993) Peripheral nerve injury triggers noradrenergic sprouting within dorsal root ganglia. Nature 363(6429):543–546. https://doi.org/10.1038/363543a0 CrossRefPubMed

43.

Chung K, Yoon YW, Chung JM (1997) Sprouting sympathetic fibers form synaptic varicosities in the dorsal root ganglion of the rat with neuropathic injury. Brain Res 751(2):275–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-8993(96)01408-4 CrossRefPubMed

44.

Xie WR, Deng H, Li H, Bowen TL, Strong JA, Zhang JM (2006) Robust increase of cutaneous sensitivity, cytokine production and sympathetic sprouting in rats with localized inflammatory irritation of the spinal ganglia. Neuroscience 142(3):809–822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.06.045 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

45.

Ramer MS, Bisby MA (1997) Rapid sprouting of sympathetic axons in dorsal root ganglia of rats with a chronic constriction injury. Pain 70(2):237–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3959(97)03331-9 CrossRefPubMed

46.

Murinson BB, Griffin JW (2004) C-fiber structure varies with location in peripheral nerve. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 63(3):246–254. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnen/63.3.246 CrossRefPubMed

47.

Griffin JW, Thompson WJ (2008) Biology and pathology of nonmyelinating Schwann cells. Glia 56(14):1518–1531. https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.20778 CrossRefPubMed

48.

Murinson BB, Hoffman PN, Banihashemi MR, Meyer RA, Griffin JW (2005) C-fiber (Remak) bundles contain both isolectin B4-binding and calcitonin gene-related peptide-positive axons. J Comp Neurol 484(4):392–402. https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.20506 CrossRefPubMed

49.

Ma C, Shu Y, Zheng Z, Chen Y, Yao H, Greenquist KW, White FA, LaMotte RH (2003) Similar electrophysiological changes in axotomized and neighboring intact dorsal root ganglion neurons. J Neurophysiol 89(3):1588–1602. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00855.2002 CrossRefPubMed

50.

Xie Y, Zhang J, Petersen M, LaMotte RH (1995) Functional changes in dorsal root ganglion cells after chronic nerve constriction in the rat. J Neurophysiol 73(5):1811–1820. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.73.5.1811 CrossRefPubMed

51.

Kajander K, Waikaka S, Bennett G (1992) Spontaneous discharge originates in the dorsal root ganglion at the onset of a painful peripheral neuropathy in the rat. Neurosci Lett 138(2):225–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(92)90920-3 CrossRefPubMed

52.

Seltzer Z, Devor M (1979) Ephaptic transmission in chronically damaged peripheral nerves. Neurology 29(7):1061–1064. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.29.7.1061 CrossRefPubMed

53.

Rasminsky M (1980) Ephaptic transmission between single nerve fibres in the spinal nerve roots of dystrophic mice. J Physiol 305(1):151–169. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1980.sp013356 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

54.

Wu G, Ringkamp M, Murinson BB, Pogatzki EM, Hartke TV, Weerahandi HM, Campbell JN, Griffin JW, Meyer RA (2002) Degeneration of myelinated efferent fibers induces spontaneous activity in uninjured C-fiber afferents. J Neurosci 22(17):7746–7753CrossRefPubMed

55.

Wu G, Ringkamp M, Hartke TV, Murinson BB, Campbell JN, Griffin JW, Meyer RA (2001) Early onset of spontaneous activity in uninjured C-fiber nociceptors after injury to neighboring nerve fibers. J Neurosci 21:RC140CrossRefPubMed

56.

Myers RR, Heckman HM, Rodriguez M (1996) Reduced hyperalgesia in nerve-injured WLD mice: relationship to nerve fiber phagocytosis, axonal degeneration, and regeneration in normal mice. Exp Neurol 141(1):94–101. https://doi.org/10.1006/exnr.1996.0142 CrossRefPubMed

57.

Sorkin LS, Xiao WH, Wagner R, Myers RR (1997) Tumour necrosis factor-alpha induces ectopic activity in nociceptive primary afferent fibres. Neuroscience 81(1):255–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4522(97)00147-4 CrossRefPubMed

58.

Moalem G, Grafe P, Tracey DJ (2005) Chemical mediators enhance the excitability of unmyelinated sensory axons in normal and injured peripheral nerve of the rat. Neuroscience 134(4):1399–1411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.05.046 CrossRefPubMed

59.

Zelenka M, Schafers M, Sommer C (2005) Intraneural injection of interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha into rat sciatic nerve at physiological doses induces signs of neuropathic pain. Pain 116(3):257–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2005.04.018 CrossRefPubMed

60.

Sorkin L, Doom C (2000) Epineurial application of TNF elecits an acute mechanical hyperalgesia in the awake rat. J Peripheral Nervous Sys 5(2):96–1000. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1529-8027.2000.00012.x CrossRef

61.

Bove GM, Leem J-G (2002) Mid-axonal tumor necrosis factor-alpha induces ectopic activity in a subset of slowly conducting cutaneous and deep afferent neurons. J Pain 3:45CrossRefPubMed

62.

Hoffmann T, Sauer SK, Horch RE, Reeh PW (2008) Sensory transduction in peripheral nerve axons elicits ectopic action potentials. J Neurosci 28(24):6281–6284. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1627-08.2008 CrossRefPubMed

63.

Chung JM, Lee KH, Hori Y, Willis WD (1985) Effects of capsaicin applied to a peripheral nerve on the responses of primate spinothalamic tract cells. Brain Res 329(1-2):27–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(85)90509-8 CrossRefPubMed

64.

Sauer SK, Reeh PW, Bove GM (2001) Noxious heat-induced CGRP release from rat sciatic nerve axons in vitro. Eur J Neurosci 14(8):1203–1208. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01741.x CrossRefPubMed

65.

Hoffmann T, Sauer SK, Horch RE, Reeh PW (2009) Projected pain from noxious heat stimulation of an exposed peripheral nerve--a case report. Eur J Pain 13(1):35–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpain.2008.09.014 CrossRefPubMed

66.

Bove GM, Ransil BJ, Lin HC, Leem JG (2003) Inflammation induces ectopic mechanical sensitivity in axons of nociceptors innervating deep tissues. J Neurophysiol 90(3):1949–1955. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00175.2003 CrossRefPubMed

67.

Toennies JF (1938) Reflex discharge from the spinal cord over the dorsal roots. J Neurophysiol 1(4):378–390. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1938.1.4.378 CrossRef

68.

Alvarez FJ, Kavookjian AM, Light AR (1992) Synaptic interactions between GABA-immunoreactive profiles and the terminals of functionally defined myelinated nociceptors in the monkey and cat spinal cord. J Neurosci 12(8):2901–2917CrossRefPubMed

69.

Singer E, Placheta P (1980) Reduction of [3H]muscimol binding sites in rat dorsal spinal cord after neonatal capsaicin treatment. Brain Res 202(2):484–487. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(80)90160-2 CrossRefPubMed

70.

Carlton SM, Hayes ES (1990) Light microscopic and ultrastructural analysis of GABA-immunoreactive profiles in the monkey spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 300(2):162–182. https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903000203 CrossRefPubMed

71.

Todd AJ, Lochhead V (1990) GABA-like immunoreactivity in type I glomeruli of rat substantia gelatinosa. Brain Res 514(1):171–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(90)90454-J CrossRefPubMed

72.

Todd AJ (2015) Plasticity of inhibition in the spinal cord. Handb Exp Pharmacol 227:171–190. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46450-2_9 CrossRefPubMed

73.

Schmidt RF (1971) Presynaptic inhibition in the vertebrate nervous system. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharm 63:21–101

74.

Jimenez I, Rudomin P, Solodkin M (1987) Mechanisms involved in the depolarization of cutaneous afferents produced by segmental and descending inputs in the cat spinal cord. Exp Brain Res 69(1):195–207CrossRefPubMed

75.

Willis WD Jr (1999) Dorsal root potentials and dorsal root reflexes: a double-edged sword. Exp Brain Res 124(4):395–421. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002210050637 CrossRefPubMed

76.

Fitzgerald M, Woolf CJ (1981) Effects of cutaneous nerve and intraspinal conditioning of C-fibre afferent terminal excitability in decerebrate spinal rats. J Physiol 318(1):25–39. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1981.sp013848 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

77.

Lin Q, Zou X, Willis WD (2000) Adelta and C primary afferents convey dorsal root reflexes after intradermal injection of capsaicin in rats. J Neurophysiol 84(5):2695–2698. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.84.5.2695 CrossRefPubMed

78.

Sluka KA, Rees H, Westlund KN, Willis WD (1995) Fiber types contributing to dorsal root reflexes induced by joint inflammation in cats and monkeys. J Neurophysiol 74(3):981–989. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.74.3.981 CrossRefPubMed

79.

Cervero F, Laird JM (1996) Mechanisms of allodynia: interactions between sensitive mechanoreceptors and nociceptors. Neuroreport 7(2):526–528. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-199601310-00036 CrossRefPubMed

80.

Cervero F, Laird JM (1996) Mechanisms of touch-evoked pain (allodynia): a new model. Pain 68(1):13–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3959(96)03165-X CrossRefPubMed

81.

Rees H, Sluka KA, Westlund KN, Willis WD (1995) The role of glutamate and GABA receptors in the generation of dorsal root reflexes by acute arthritis in the anaesthetized rat. J Physiol Lond 484(2):437–445. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020676 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

82.

Sluka KA, Westlund KN (1993) Centrally administered non-NMDA but not NMDA receptor antagonists block peripheral knee joint inflammation. Pain 55(2):217–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(93)90150-N CrossRefPubMed

83.

Sluka KA, Jordan HH, Westlund KN (1994) Reduction in joint swelling and hyperalgesia following post-treatment with a non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist. Pain 59(1):95–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(94)90052-3 CrossRefPubMed

84.

Garcia-Ramirez DL, Calvo JR, Hochman S, Quevedo JN (2014) Serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline adjust actions of myelinated afferents via modulation of presynaptic inhibition in the mouse spinal cord. PLoS One 9(2):e89999. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0089999 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

85.

Martin RF, Haber LH, Willis WD (1979) Primary afferent depolarization of identified cutaneous fibers following stimulation in medial brain stem. J Neurophysiol 42(3):779–790. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1979.42.3.779 CrossRefPubMed

86.

Vinay L, Brocard F, Fellippa-Marques S, Clarac F (1999) Antidromic discharges of dorsal root afferents in the neonatal rat. J Physiol Paris 93(4):359–367. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0928-4257(00)80063-7 CrossRefPubMed

87.

Owen MP, Hodge CJ Jr (1973) Positive dorsal root potentials evoked by stimulation of the brain stem reticular formation. Brain Res 54:305–308. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(73)90051-6 CrossRefPubMed

88.

Lovick TA (1981) Primary afferent depolarization of tooth pulp afferents by stimulation in nucleus raphe magnus and the adjacent reticular formation in the cat: effects of bicuculline. Neurosci Lett 25(2):173–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(81)90327-X CrossRefPubMed

89.

Peng YB, Wu J, Willis WD, Kenshalo DR (2001) GABA(a) and 5-HT(3) receptors are involved in dorsal root reflexes: possible role in periaqueductal gray descending inhibition. J Neurophysiol 86(1):49–58. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.2001.86.1.49 CrossRefPubMed

90.

Lovick TA (1983) The role of 5-HT, GABA and opioid peptides in presynaptic inhibition of tooth pulp input from the medial brainstem. Brain Res 289(1-2):135–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(83)90014-8 CrossRefPubMed

91.

Zeitz KP, Guy N, Malmberg AB, Dirajlal S, Martin WJ, Sun L, Bonhaus DW, Stucky CL, Julius D, Basbaum AI (2002) The 5-HT3 subtype of serotonin receptor contributes to nociceptive processing via a novel subset of myelinated and unmyelinated nociceptors. J Neurosci 22(3):1010–1019CrossRefPubMed

92.

Khasabov SG, Lopez-Garcia JA, Asghar AU, King AE (1999) Modulation of afferent-evoked neurotransmission by 5-HT3 receptors in young rat dorsal horn neurones in vitro: a putative mechanism of 5-HT3 induced anti-nociception. Br J Pharmacol 127(4):843–852. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjp.0702592 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

93.

Levine JD, Dardick SJ, Basbaum AI, Scipio E (1985) Reflex neurogenic inflammation. I. Contribution of the peripheral nervous system to spatially remote inflammatory responses that follow injury. J Neurosci 5(5):1380–1386CrossRefPubMed

Titel: Origins of antidromic activity in sensory afferent fibers and neurogenic inflammation
verfasst von: Linda S. Sorkin
Kelly A. Eddinger
Sarah A. Woller
Tony L. Yaksh
Publikationsdatum: 08.02.2018
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Seminars in Immunopathology / Ausgabe 3/2018
Print ISSN: 1863-2297
Elektronische ISSN: 1863-2300
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-017-0669-2

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

^{Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag}

Kostenlos registrieren

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

Schadet Ärger den Gefäßen?

14.05.2024 Arteriosklerose Nachrichten

In einer Studie aus New York wirkte sich Ärger kurzfristig deutlich negativ auf die Endothelfunktion gesunder Probanden aus. Möglicherweise hat dies Einfluss auf die kardiovaskuläre Gesundheit.

Intervallfasten zur Regeneration des Herzmuskels?

14.05.2024 Herzinfarkt Nachrichten

Die Nahrungsaufnahme auf wenige Stunden am Tag zu beschränken, hat möglicherweise einen günstigen Einfluss auf die Prognose nach akutem ST-Hebungsinfarkt. Darauf deutet eine Studie an der Uniklinik in Halle an der Saale hin.

Klimaschutz beginnt bei der Wahl des Inhalators

14.05.2024 Klimawandel Podcast

Auch kleine Entscheidungen im Alltag einer Praxis können einen großen Beitrag zum Klimaschutz leisten. Die neue Leitlinie zur "klimabewussten Verordnung von Inhalativa" geht mit gutem Beispiel voran, denn der Wechsel vom klimaschädlichen Dosieraerosol zum Pulverinhalator spart viele Tonnen CO₂. Leitlinienautor PD Dr. Guido Schmiemann erklärt, warum nicht nur die Umwelt, sondern auch Patientinnen und Patienten davon profitieren.

Typ-2-Diabetes und Depression folgen oft aufeinander

14.05.2024 Typ-2-Diabetes Nachrichten

Menschen mit Typ-2-Diabetes sind überdurchschnittlich gefährdet, in den nächsten Jahren auch noch eine Depression zu entwickeln – und umgekehrt. Besonders ausgeprägt ist die Wechselbeziehung laut GKV-Daten bei jüngeren Erwachsenen.

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2018

Neurogenic inflammation and its role in migraine

Role of neurogenic inflammation in local communication in the visceral mucosa

Skin neurogenic inflammation

Complexity of systems and actions underlying neurogenic inflammation

A historical perspective on the role of sensory nerves in neurogenic inflammation