Oxidant and antioxidant parameters in prediabetes and diabetes

The aim of our study was to evaluate serum paraoxonase (PON1), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels in patients with prediabetes, diabetes, and in healthy control subjects. The subjects were aged between 20 and 60 years. Forty diabetic subjects (mean age 46.6 ± 9.7 years), 39 prediabetic subjects (mean age 44.0 ± 9.3 years) and 24 healthy control subjects (mean age 43.7 ± 9.7 years). Lipid profile, PON1, TAS, TOS and IMA levels were measured. The serum TOS and IMA levels in diabetes were significantly higher than those of the control subjects (P = 0.024 and P = 0.012, respectively), while the serum PON1 levels of the diabetes patients were significantly lower than those of the control subjects (P = 0.039). The serum TOS levels of the diabetes patients were significantly higher than those of the subjects with prediabetes (P = 0.013). There were no significant differences between the serum IMA and PON1 levels of the prediabetes and diabetes groups (P = 0.075 and P = 0.110, respectively). The serum TAS levels of the three groups were similar. The present study demonstrated that in diabetes there is greater oxidative stress. Patients with type 2 diabetes had higher TOS and IMA levels, but lower PON1 values, than controls. There were no differences in oxidative stress markers between prediabetic patients and healthy subjects.