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Erschienen in: Die Gastroenterologie 3/2022

26.04.2022 | Gastrointestinale Tumoren | Schwerpunkt

Palliative Stenttherapie im oberen und unteren Gastrointestinaltrakt

Wann sinnvoll und wann riskant?

verfasst von: Dr. med. Sophie Schlosser, PD Dr. med. Arne Kandulski, Prof. Dr. med. Martina Müller-Schilling

Erschienen in: Die Gastroenterologie | Ausgabe 3/2022

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Zusammenfassung

Obstruktionen des Gastrointestinaltrakts sind Komplikationen gastrointestinaler Tumoren, die zu Dysphagie, Übelkeit, Erbrechen, Schmerzen, Cholestase oder Gewichtsverlust führen und mit einer Einschränkung der Lebensqualität einhergehen. Biliäre Obstruktionen schränken zudem die Therapiefähigkeit der Patienten ein. Selbstexpandierende Metallstents (SEMS) können maligne Obstruktionen mit hoher Effizienz behandeln und sind einer chirurgischen Therapie in der palliativen Gesamtsituation oftmals nicht unterlegen. Vorteile sind kurze Hospitalisierungszeiten und schnelle Erholung der Patienten im Vergleich zur palliativen Operation. Die SEMS sind beschichtet (fcSEMS) oder unbeschichtet (ucSEMS) verfügbar. Vorteile von fcSEMS sind, dass sie Fisteln effizient abdichten, seltener vom Tumor überwuchert und wieder entfernt werden können. Ein Nachteil ist die höhere Dislokationsrate. Komplikationen, wie Stentokklusion und Blutung, sind selten und die therapieassoziierte Mortalität ist sehr gering. Eine palliative Stenttherapie ist bei unterschiedlichen anatomischen Lokalisationen eine sinnvolle therapieergänzende Maßnahme bei Patienten mit Tumorleiden in der Palliativsituation.
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Metadaten
Titel
Palliative Stenttherapie im oberen und unteren Gastrointestinaltrakt
Wann sinnvoll und wann riskant?
verfasst von
Dr. med. Sophie Schlosser
PD Dr. med. Arne Kandulski
Prof. Dr. med. Martina Müller-Schilling
Publikationsdatum
26.04.2022
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Gastroenterologie / Ausgabe 3/2022
Print ISSN: 2731-7420
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7439
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11377-022-00605-y

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