Background
Methods
Study population
Semen examination and analysis
Sperm motility test (general semen test)
Sperm morphology (Kruger sperm function test)
SDF test
IVF outcome
Statistical analysis
Results
Factors | Mean ± SD | Range |
---|---|---|
Age (years) | 40.9 ± 5.7 | 22–53 |
Semen volume (mL) | 2.9 ± 1.3 | 0.3–8.3 |
Concentration (106/mL) | 78.1 ± 66.8 | 0.5–410.0 |
Total sperm counts | 222.2 ± 203.2 | 1.3–1054.2 |
Motility (%) | 58.1 ± 19.7 | 0–93.2 |
Normal morphology (%) | 2.8 ± 1.7 | 0–10.0 |
DFI (%) | 15.3 ± 12.6 | 1.2–97.0 |
Factor | DFI | |
---|---|---|
Correlation (r) | p value | |
Age (years) | 0.2995 | < 0.0001 |
Semen volume (mL) | 0.0450 | 0.5463 |
Concentration (106/mL) | − 0.121 | 0.1037 |
Total sperm counts | − 0.0639 | 0.3913 |
Sperm motility (%) | − 0.5405 | < 0.0001 |
Normal morphology (%) | − 0.2582 | < 0.001 |
Factors | DFI | p value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low (≤ 15%) | Medium (15–30%) | High (≥ 30%) | Low versus Medium | Low versus High | |
Semen analysis | |||||
Male age (years) | 41.2 ± 5.2 | 43.6 ± 4.5 | 48.1 ± 4.5 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
Semen volume (mL) | 2.8 ± 1.3 | 3.0 ± 1.3 | 2.7 ± 1.2 | < 0.0001 | 0.8571 |
Concentration (106/mL) | 67.5 ± 56.1 | 87.2 ± 100.4 | 87.4 ± 47.7 | 0.9828 | < 0.0001 |
Total sperm count | 186.4 ± 182.4 | 209.1 ± 203.6 | 265.1 ± 205.5 | 0.8394 | < 0.0001 |
Motility (%) | 63.5 ± 13.9 | 47.3 ± 18.3 | 30.0 ± 15.4 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
Normal morphology (%) | 2.8 ± 1.8 | 2.5 ± 1.3 | 2.2 ± 2.1 | 0.0093 | < 0.0001 |
ICSI outcome | |||||
Female age (years) | 40.8 ± 3.8 | 40.9 ± 3.6 | 42.5 ± 3.4 | 0.6581 | < 0.0001 |
Normal fertilization (%) | 82.0 (1053/1284) | 80.7 (505/626) | 85.9 (152/177) | 0.4789 | 0.2046 |
Good quality blastocyst (%) | 26.0 (334/1284) | 27.6 (173/626) | 17.0 (30/177) | 0.4508 | 0.0090 |
Pregnancy rate (%) | 39.4 (52/132) | 43.1 (28/65) | 36.7 (4/11) | 0.6207 | 1.0000* |
Live birth rate (%) | 19.7 (26/132) | 24.6 (16/65) | 36.7 (4/11) | 0.4281 | 0.4249* |
aOR ratio | 95% CI | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Normal fertilization | Low (reference) | – | – | – |
Medium | 0.89 | 0.69–1.14 | 0.3552 | |
High | 1.37 | 0.87–1.67 | 0.1770 | |
Good blastocyst | Low (reference) | – | – | – |
Medium | 1.04 | 0.84–1.30 | 0.7073 | |
High | 0.65 | 0.42–0.99 | 0.0459 | |
Clinical pregnancy | Low (reference) | – | – | – |
Medium | 0.82 | 0.39–1.69 | 0.5692 | |
High | 0.60 | 0.13–2.79 | 0.5177 | |
Live birth | Low (reference) | – | – | – |
Medium | 0.81 | 0.32–2.03 | 0.4292 | |
HIGH | 2.42 | 0.46–12.7 | 0.2942 |