Background
Rationale
Methods
Setting
Selection of participants
Measurements
1. At time of CAP episode | 2. Discharge Data | 3. Follow-up -Data |
---|---|---|
Personal identifier
|
Personal identifier
|
Personal identifier
|
personal health number | personal health number | personal health number |
Comorbid illness
|
Comorbid illness
| |
asthma | asthma | |
COPD | COPD | |
heart disease | heart disease | |
diabetes | diabetes | |
cancer | cancer | |
chronic renal failure | chronic renal failure | |
dementia | dementia | |
seizures | seizures | |
stroke | stroke | |
psychiatric disorder | psychiatric disorder | |
HIV positive | HIV positive | |
Pneumonia Severity Index
| ||
Concomitant medications
|
Concomitant medications
| |
indications | indications | |
type | type | |
dose | dose | |
duration | ||
Independent Variables
|
Disposition
|
Primary Outcomes
|
hypoxemia, functional status, smoking status, laboratory and diagnostic imaging: (hematology, biochemistry, arterial blood gas, radiographs) Microbiology | discharge disposition discharge destination | Inpatient encounters; admission and discharge dates, diagnostic and procedure codes (ICD-9/10) Physician claims; date and location of service, diagnostic Code (ICD-9/10), provider specialty ambulatory care; date, location of service, Diagnostic and procedure codes (ICD-9/10) Medication Use (> = 65 years); formulary service, prescription date, quantity |
Linkage of clinical registry to administrative databases
Sample size and statistical considerations
Results
Preliminary description of the cohort
Characteristic | Baseline N = 3186 |
---|---|
Mean ± SD or No. (%) | |
Age, yr. | 51 ± 20 |
Age, yr. | |
<65 | 2278 (72 %) |
≥65 | 908 (29 %) |
Male | 1694 (53 %) |
Nursing Home | 134 (4 %) |
PSI continuous | 55 ± 29 |
PSI Risk Class | |
Class I | 491 (15 %) |
Class II | 1858 (58 %) |
Class III | 462 (15 %) |
Class IV | 324 (10 %) |
Class V | 51 (2 %) |
Comorbidities | |
Diabetes | 232 (7 %) |
Cardiovascular Disease | 523 (16 %) |
Malignancy | 168 (5 %) |
Chronic Kidney Disease | 69 (2 %) |
COPD | 260 (8 %) |
Functional Status | |
Independent Mobility | 3024 (95 %) |
Impaired Mobility | 162 (5 %) |
Influenza vaccination | 83 (3 %) |
Pneumococcal vaccination | 79 (2 %) |
Chest Radiograph Confirmation of Pneumonia | 1683 (53 %) |
Characteristic | Normal Chest Radiograph (N = 1503) | Abnormal Chest Radiograph (N = 1683) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD or No. (%) | |||
Death within 30 days | 8 (0.5 %) | 27 (2 %) | 0.004 |
Hospitalization within 30 days | 108 (7 %) | 141 (8 %) | 0.21 |
ER revisit within 30 days | 385 (26 %) | 409 (24 %) | 0.39 |
Age, yr. | 52 ± 20 | 51 ± 20 | 0.04 |
Age, yr. | |||
<65 | 1049 (70 %) | 1229 (73 %) | 0.04 |
≥65 | 454 (30 %) | 454 (27 %) | |
Male | 801 (53 %) | 893 (53 %) | 0.90 |
Nursing Home | 60 (4 %) | 74 (4 %) | 0.57 |
PSI continuous | 54 ± 28 | 55 ± 30 | 0.14 |
PSI Risk Class | 251 (17 %) | 240 (14 %) | 0.04 |
Class I | 862 (57 %) | 996 (59 %) | |
Class II | 222 (14 %) | 240 (14 %) | |
Class III | 153 (10 %) | 171 (10 %) | |
Class IV | 15 (1 %) | 36 (2 %) | |
Class V | |||
Comorbidities | |||
Diabetes | 125 (8 %) | 107 (6 %) | 0.03 |
Cardiovascular Disease | 267 (18 %) | 256 (15 %) | 0.05 |
Malignancy | 67 (4 %) | 101 (6 %) | 0.05 |
Chronic Kidney Disease | 29 (2 %) | 40 (2 %) | 0.39 |
COPD | 125 (8 %) | 135 (8 %) | 0.76 |
Functional Status | 0.30 | ||
Independent Mobility | 1433 (95 %) | 1591 (95 %) | |
Impaired Mobility | 70 (5 %) | 92 (5 %) | |
Influenza vaccination | 35 (2 %) | 48 (3 %) | 0.35 |
Pneumococcal vaccination | 32 (2 %) | 47 (3 %) | 0.23 |