Background
Methods
Setting
Participants
Data collection
Instruments
MARS-5
BMQ
HADS
ICQ
EORTC QLQ-C30
Data entry
Statistical analysis
Results
Participants
Variable | Sample(n = 259) | % |
---|---|---|
Age (median) | 60 | 50–67 (IQR) |
Male gender | 140 | 54.1 |
Education level | ||
Primary school | 8 | 3.1 |
Secondary education | 74 | 28.6 |
Secondary vocational | 68 | 26.3 |
Bachelor | 75 | 29 |
Master | 25 | 9.7 |
Living alone | 50 | 19.3 |
Living with family/roommates | 209 | 80.7 |
Work situation | ||
Unemployed | 55 | 21.2 |
Employed | 70 | 27 |
Receive sickness benefit | 51 | 19.7 |
Retired | 81 | 31.3 |
Diagnosis | ||
Acute leukemia | 69 | 26.6 |
Chronic leukemia* | 57 | 22 |
(Non)hodgkin* | 39 | 15.1 |
Multiple myeloma* | 73 | 28.2 |
Others | 21 | 8.1 |
Smoking | 15 | 5.8 |
Alcohol consumption (daily) | 56 | 21.6 |
Medication | ||
Anti-cancer medication | 101 | 40.9 |
Growth factor | 16 | 6.5 |
Bisphosphonates | 51 | 20.6 |
Anticoagulants | 45 | 18.2 |
Antibiotics | 138 | 55.9 |
Corticosteroids | 86 | 34.8 |
Immunosuppressants | 46 | 18.6 |
HADS | ||
Anxiety >8 | 55 | 22.3 |
Depression >8 | 52 | 21,1 |
ICQ | ||
Helplessness (median) | 12 | 9–16 (IQR) |
Acceptance (median) | 17 | 14–20 (IQR) |
Disease benefits (median) | 16 | 12–19 (IQR) |
EORTC-QLQ30 | ||
Global health (median) | 66.7 | 58.3–83.3(IQR) |
Physical function (median) | 80 | 60–93.3(IQR) |
Role function (median) | 66.6 | 33.3–100 (IQR) |
Emotional function (median) | 83.3 | 66.7–100 (IQR) |
Cognitive function (median) | 83.3 | 36.7–100 (IQR) |
Social function (median) | 83.3 | 66.7–100 (IQR) |
Fatigue (median) | 33.3 | 22.2–55.6(IQR) |
Nausea (median) | 0 | 0–16.7 (IQR) |
Pain (median) | 16.7 | 0–33.3 (IQR) |
Dyspnea (median) | 33.3 | 0–33.3 (IQR) |
Insomnia (median) | 33.3 | 0–33.3 (IQR) |
Loss of appetite (median) | 0 | 0–33.3 (IQR) |
Constipation (median) | 0 | 0–8.33 (IQR) |
Diarrhea (median) | 0 | 0–0 (IQR) |
Financial problems (median) | 0 | 0–33.3 (IQR) |
BMQ | ||
Necessity (median) | 19 | 16–23 (IQR) |
Concerns (median) | 16 | 13–20 (IQR) |
Prevalence of adherence
MARS-5 score | Frequencies | % |
---|---|---|
25 | 130 | 50,2 |
24 | 72 | 27.8 |
23 | 31 | 12 |
22 | 7 | 2.7 |
21 | 3 | 1.2 |
20 | 5 | 1.9 |
19 | 4 | 1.5 |
18 | 3 | 1.2 |
15 | 1 | 0.4 |
10 | 2 | 0.8 |
9 | 1 | 0.4 |
Univariate analysis
Variable |
B
|
P value | 95 % CI |
---|---|---|---|
Age* | −0.031 | 0.002 | 0.950 to 0.989 |
Sex | 0.046 | 0.857 | 0.635–1.726 |
Education level* | 0.314 | 0.062 | 0.984 to 1.903 |
Living alone* | −0.461 | 0.164 | 0.330 to 1.207 |
Working* | 0.405 | 0.197 | 0.811 to 2.772 |
Acute leukemia | 21.002 | 1 | |
Chronic leukemia | −0.201 | 0.695 | 0.3 to 2.234 |
(Non)hodgkin | −0.622 | 0.241 | 0.190 to 1.517 |
Multiple myeloma | 0.136 | 0.809 | 0.380 to 3.449 |
Others | −0.229 | 0.653 | 0.294 to 2.154 |
Smoking | 0.521 | 0.373 | 0.535 to 5.3 |
Alcohol consumption (daily) | 0.126 | 0.683 | 0.62 to 2.075 |
Experiencing social support* | 1.074 | 0.073 | 0.905 to 9.466 |
Disease education | −0.14 | 0.746 | 0.373 to 2.024 |
Sufficient disease education | −0.461 | 0.43 | 0.2 to 1.985 |
Medication | |||
Anti-cancer medication | −0.194 | 0.455 | 0.496 to 1.370 |
Growth factor | 0.026 | 0.96 | 0.373 to 2.827 |
Bisphosphonates* | 0.479 | 0.132 | 0.865 to 3.015 |
Anticoagulants | −0.318 | 0.246 | 0.425 to 1.245 |
Antibiotics | 0.253 | 0.326 | 0.778 to 2.13 |
Corticosteroids | 0.037 | 0.889 | 0.615 to 1.752 |
Immunosuppressants | 0.352 | 0.285 | 0.746 to 2.711 |
Number of medication | 0.015 | 0.563 | 0.965 to 1.068 |
Anxiety | 0.267 | 0.386 | 0.715 to 2.384 |
Depression* | 0.523 | 0.099 | 0.906 to 3.140 |
Helplessness* | 0.04 | 0.175 | 0.982 to 1.102 |
Acceptance | −0.021 | 0.487 | 0.923 to 1.039 |
Disease benefits | 0 | 0.988 | 0.948 to 1.056 |
Global health* | −0.009 | 0.167 | 0.978 to 1.004 |
Physical function | −0.006 | 0.274 | 0.983 to 1.005 |
Role function* | −0.007 | 0.106 | 0.985 to 1.001 |
Emotional function* | −0.01 | 0.114 | 0.978 to 1.002 |
Cognitive function* | −0.014 | 0.028 | 0.975 to 0.999 |
Social function* | −0.011 | 0.027 | 0.98 to 0.999 |
Fatigue* | 0.011 | 0.032 | 1.001 to 1.022 |
Nausea | 0 | 0.974 | 0.985 to 1.015 |
Pain | −0.001 | 0.819 | 0.99 to 1.008 |
Dyspnea | 0.006 | 0.196 | 0.997 to 1.015 |
Insomnia | 0.004 | 0.287 | 0.996 to 1.012 |
Loss of appetite | −0.001 | 0.802 | 0.989 to 1.008 |
Constipation | −0.002 | 0.664 | 0.987 to 1.008 |
Diarrhea | 0.011 | 0.067 | 0.99 to 1.024 |
Financial problems | 0.006 | 0.251 | 0.996 to 1.015 |
Necessity | −0.04 | 0.868 | 0.946 to 1.048 |
Concerns | 0.025 | 0.362 | 0.971 to 1.082 |
Multivariable analysis
Variable |
B
|
P value | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|
Age* | −0.031 | 0.003 | 0.95 to 0.99 |
Fatigue* | 0.014 | 0.013 | 1.00 to 1.03 |
Education level* | 0.378 | 0.031 | 1.04 to 2.06 |
Diarrhea | 0.009 | 0.169 | 1 to 1.02 |
Experiencing social support | 0.786 | 0.2 | 0.66 to 7.30 |
Depression | 0.396 | 0.296 | 0.71 to 3.12 |
Living alone | −0.354 | 0.327 | 0.35 to 1.43 |
Bisphosphonates | 0.27 | 0.446 | 0.66 to 2.62 |
Working | 0.225 | 0.526 | 0.63 to 2.51 |
Helplessness | 0.023 | 0.603 | 0.94 to 1.11 |
Cognitive function | −0.004 | 0.61 | 0.98 to 1.01 |
Role function | 0.003 | 0.678 | 0.99 to 1.02 |
Dyspnea | 0.003 | 0.651 | 0.99 to 1.01 |
Global health | −0.005 | 0.671 | 0.97 to 1.02 |
Emotional function | 0.001 | 0.935 | 0.98 to 1.02 |