Introduction
Material and methods
Ethics
Statistical analyses
Results
THA by zygosity | Distribution by sex | Distribution by vital status | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zygosity | Males (n) | Females (n) (%) | Total by sex (n) | Males alive (n) | Males dead (n) | Females alive (n) | Females dead (n) | Total by vital status (n) |
MZ + THA | 88 | 90 (51) | 178 | 71 | 17 | 72 | 18 | 178 |
MZ – THA | 9861 | 10,288 (51) | 20,149 | 8671 | 1190 | 9059 | 1229 | 20,149 |
DZ + THA | 184 | 189 (51) | 373 | 141 | 43 | 155 | 34 | 373 |
DZ – THA | 18,015 | 16,975 (49) | 34,990 | 15,417 | 2598 | 14,486 | 2489 | 34,990 |
OS + THA | 135 | 149 (52) | 284 | 120 | 16 | 136 | 12 | 284 |
OS – THA | 19,005 | 19,084 (50) | 38,089 | 17,491 | 1514 | 17,892 | 1192 | 38,089 |
Total | 47,288 | 46,775 (50) | 94,063 | 41,911 | 5378 | 41,799 | 4974 | 94,063 |
Concordance and tetrachoric correlations
Zygosity | Concordant pairs with THA due to OA n (%) | Discordant pairs with THA due to OA n (%) | Concordant pairs without THA n (%) | Total twin pairs in zygosity groups n (%) | Tertrachoric correlations (rho)
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
MZM | 10 (0.2) | 57 (1.2) | 4558 (98.6) | 4625 (100) | 0.70 |
DZM | 5 (0.1) | 148 (1.8) | 8107 (98.1) | 8260 (100) | 0.33 |
MZF | 9 (0.2) | 72 (1.5) | 4773 (98.3) | 4855 (100) | 0.66 |
DZF | 5 (0.1) | 148 (1.9) | 7740 (98.0) | 7893 (100) | 0.33 |
OSDZ | 7 (0.05) | 223 (1.25) | 17,602 (98.7) | 17,832 (100) | 0.41 |
Cumulative incidence
Proband-wise concordance rates on age
Prevalences, tetrachoric correlations and case-wise concordance rates
Model | MZ prevalence | DZ prevalence | MZr | DZr | MZcw | DZcw | Heritability | Variance component estimates | Chisquare test statistics | AIC | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | D | C | E | LL | Chisquare | df |
p
| |||||||||
Men | ||||||||||||||||
Saturated | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.80 (0.57–0.91) | 0.41 (0.09–0.65) | 0.51 (0.33–0.70) | 0.21 (0.10–0.40) | 0.78 (0.07–0.99) | – | – | – | – | –621.44 | 6 | 1254.88 | ||
ACE | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.80 (0.57–0.91) | 0.41 (0.09–0.65) | 0.51 (0.33–0.70) | 0.21 (0.10–0.40) | 0.78 (0.07–0.99) | 0.78 (0.07–0.99) | – | 0.02 (0.00–1.0) | 0.20 (0.08–0.41) | –621.44 | 6 | 1254.88 | ||
ADE | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.80 (0.58–0.91) | 0.40 (0.32–0.47) | 0.51 (0.34–0.69) | 0.21 (0.16–0.26) | 0.80 (0.60–0.91) | 0.80 (0.60–0.91) | 0.00 (0.00–1.00) | – | 0.20 (0.09–0.40) | 1255.30 | ||||
AE | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.80 (0.58–0.91) | 0.40 (0.32–0.47) | 0.51 (0.34–0.69) | 0.21 (0.16–0.26) | 0.80 (0.60–0.91) | 0.80 (0.60–0.91) | – | – | 0.20 (0.09–0.40) | –621.65 | 0.42 | 2 | 0.81 | |
CE | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.63 (0.44–0.76) | 0.63 (0.44–0.76) | 0.37 (0.26–0.50) | 0.37 (0.26–0.50) | – | – | – | 0.63 (0.46–0.77) | 0.37 (0.23–0.54) | –2921.4 | 4600 | 2 | <0.0001 | |
Women | ||||||||||||||||
Saturated | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.72 (047–0.87) | 0.46 (0.15–0.69) | 0.42 (0.25–0.61) | 0.23 (0.11–0.43) | 0.52 (0.07–0.94) | – | – | – | – | –621.44 | 6 | 1254.88 | ||
ACE | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.72 (0.47–0.87) | 0.46 (0.15–0.69) | 0.42 (0.25–0.61) | 0.23 (0.11–0.43) | 0.52 (0.07–0.94) | 0.52 (0.07–0.94) | – | 0.20 (0.006–0.91 | 0.28 (0.13–0.50) | –621.44 | 6 | 1254.88 | ||
ADE | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.74 (0.52–0.87) | 0.37 (0.28–0.45) | 0.44 (0.28–0.61) | 0.18 (0.14–0.24) | 0.74 (0.54–0.87) | 0.74 (0.54–0.87) | 0.00 (0.00–1.00) | 0.26 (0.13–0.46) | 1255.30 | |||||
AE | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.74 (0.52–0.87) | 0.37 (0.28–0.45) | 0.44 (0.28–0.61) | 0.18 (0.14–0.24) | 0.74 (0.54–0.87) | 0.74 (0.54–0.87) | – | – | 0.26 (0.13–0.46) | –621.65 | 0.42 | 6 | 0.81 | |
CE | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.66 (0.48–0.79) | 0.66 (0.48–0.79) | 0.37 (0.26–0.50) | 0.37 (0.26–0.50) | – | – | – | 0.66 (0.50–0.79) | 0.34 (0.21–0.50) | –2921.4 | 4600 | 2 | <0.0001 | |
Sex-adjusted | ||||||||||||||||
Saturated | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.68 (0.55–078) | 0.45 (0.23–0.62) | 0.39 (0.30–0.50) | 0.23 (0.14–0.36) | 0.47 (0.12–0.85) | – | – | – | – | –806.7 | 2 | 1621.34 | ||
ACE | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.68 (0.55–0.78) | 0.45 (0.23–0.62) | 0.39 (0.30–0.50) | 0.23 (0.14–0.36) | 0.47 (0.12–0.85) | 0.47 (0.12–0.85) | – | 0.22 (0.02–0.76) | 0.31 (0.21–0.44) | –806.7 | – | 4 | 1621.34 | |
ADE | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.70 (0.57–0.80) | 0.35 (0.29–0.40) | 0.41 (0.31–0.51) | 0.18 (0.15–0.21) | 0.70 (0.58–0.79) | 0.70 (0.58–0.80) | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | – | 0.30 (0.21–0.42) | 1622.31 | ||||
AE | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.70 (0.58–0.79) | 0.35 (0.29–0.40) | 0.41 (0.31–0.51) | 0.18 (0.15–0.21) | 0.70 (0.58–0.79) | 0.70 (0.58–0.79) | – | – | 0.30 (0.21–0.42) | –807.2 | 0.97 | 1 | 0.325 | |
CE | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.62 (0.51–0.71) | 0.62 (0.51–0.71) | 0.37 (0.29–0.45) | 0.37 (0.29–0.45) | – | – | – | 0.62 (0.52–0.72) | 0.38 (0.28–0.48) | –2913.8 | 4214 | 1 | <0.0001 |