Background
Allergic asthma
Effect of quercetin on allergic asthma
In vitro studies
Diseases | Dosage | Cell/cell line | Animal | Quercetin’s effect | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Allergic asthma | 10−6–3 × 10−4 M | Tracheal tissue | Male Wistar rat | Inhibits rat tracheal contractility | [24] |
40 µM | NCI-H292 cells | n/a | Inhibit MUC5AC gene expression | [25] | |
40 µM | HBE16 | n/a | Inhibit HNE-induced MUC5AC expression in human airway epithelial cells through PKC/EGFR/ERK signal transduction pathway | [26] | |
Allergic rhinitis | 4.0 μM | HNEpC | n/a | Suppressed the ability of cells to produce RANTES and eotaxin | [38] |
1.0 nM | HNEpC | Modified the clinical condition of AR through the suppression of NO production from nasal epithelial cells after IL-4 stimulation | [41] | ||
Atopic dermatitis | 30 μM | RBL-2H3 | Wistar rat and BALB/c | Upregulation of HO after short exposure Induction of HO-1 expression after long exposure | [51] |
5 mg/ml | Keratinocyte | n/a | Strong ability to scavenge free radicals and protect human keratinocytes against hydrogen peroxide damage | [52] |
In vivo studies
Diseases | Dosage | Animal | Quercetin’s effect | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Allergic asthma | 7.5 mg/kg | Male Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs | Inhibited the sRaw in LAR and IAR dose-dependently, as well as the recruitment of leukocytes, particularly eosinophils and neutrophils on LAR | [21] |
10 mg/ml | Male Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs | Decreased histamine and protein contents, PLA2 activity, and recruitments of leukocytes in BAL fluid and also slightly increased infiltration of eosinophils and neutrophils in histopathological survey | [27] | |
8 or 16 mg/kg | BALB/c | Decreased allergic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness due to the alteration of Th1/Th2 differentiation via the suppression of GATA-3 and increase of T-bet expression Reduced the increased levels of IL-4, increased IFN-ɣ, and significantly inhibit all asthmatic reactions | [20] | |
10 mg/kg | BALB/c | Reduced eosinophil counts in BALF, blood and lung parenchyma | [29] | |
10 mg/kg | BALB/c | Reduced the eosinophil recruitment, IL-4 and IL-5 levels in the BALF, as well as, inhibited the NF-κB activation, P-selectin expression and the mucus production in the lung | [17] | |
5 mg/kg | Sprague–Dawley rats | Diminished the increase of total cell numbers and macrophage numbers in BALF Decreased the neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 | [30] | |
16 mg/kg | BALB/c | Lower epithelial thickness, subepithelial smooth muscle thickness, goblet, and mast cell numbers Lower IL-25, IL-33, TSLP, caspase-3 and TUNEL | [31] | |
Allergic rhinitis | 460 mg of herbal extract | Not animals. In AR patients | Reduced total serum IgE | [43] |
25 mg/kg | Sprague–Dawley rats | Inhibit nasal rubbing movements and sneezing | [44] | |
80 mg/kg | Sprague–Dawley rats | Suppressed of AR Weaker COX-2 and VIP expressions | [45] | |
Atopic dermatitis | – | Nc/Nga mouse | Suppressed angiogenesis and Th2-related cytokine expression | [53] |
10 mg | Hsd:ICR (CD-1) mice | Amelioration of the tissue damage, with a noticeable attenuation of edema and leukocyte infiltration | [54] | |
2 mg | Nc/Nga mouse | Decreased the iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expressions in the skin as well as significantly suppressed the increase in the level of total plasma IgE and eosinophils Down-regulated the expression of the cytokines, IL-4, 5 and 13 | [50] | |
– | Nc/Nga mouse | Weakened the development of AD-like skin lesions Inhibited hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, acanthosis, mast cells and infiltration of inflammatory cells Down-regulated cytoplasmic HMGB1, RAGE, nuclear p-NF-κB, p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, COX2, TNFα, IL-1β, IL-2Rα, IFNγ and IL-4 and up-regulated nuclear Nrf2 | [55] |
In vivo and in vitro studies
Diseases | Dosage | Cell/cell line | Animal | Quercetin’s effect | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Allergic asthma | 0.1–25 µM | 16HBE14o | BALB/c | Blocks airway epithelial cell IL-8 and MCP-1 expression by attenuating the signaling through a PI-3 kinase/Akt/NF-κB pathway Inhibits chemokine expression Inhibits allergen sensitization, induced monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 expression, and airways hyperresponsiveness, in vivo | [32] |
20 mg/kg | Spinal cord-tracheal smooth muscle | Male guinea pig | Caused significant bronchodilation, both in vivo and in vitro | [6] | |
30 mg/kg | Bone marrow-derived mast cells | BALB/c | Decrease allergen-induced development of airway hyperresponsiveness, TH2 responses in the lung, lung eosinophilia, and goblet cell metaplasia | [33] | |
Various dose Min–max (5–20 mg/kg) | Eosonophil | BALB/c | Suppressive effects on eosinophil activation | [34] | |
30 mg/kg | Spleen-tracheal smooth muscle | A/J mice | Reduction of inflammatory cytokines production, tracheal rings relaxation and also reduction of the total number of cells in BALF and eosinophil peroxidase in lungs | [35] | |
100 μM | Human ASM cells | A/J mice | Attenuated PLC activity, decreased inositol phosphate synthesis, and decreased intracellular calcium responses to Gq-coupled agonists in vitro Increase of airway resistance in vivo | [36] | |
– | Human ASM cells | BALB/c | Treat obstructive lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | [37] | |
Allergic rhinitis | 20 mg/kg | HNEpC | BALB/c | Inhibited nasal symptoms and increased TRX levels in nasal lavage fluids | [47] |
Atopic dermatitis | 10 mg/ml | Skin biopsies | Hsd:ICR (CD-1) mice | Prevented the formation of skin lesions abrogating the various biochemical processes that cause epithelial loss and skin damage | [56] |