Introduction
Materials and method
Subjects | 329 patients | ||
Interval | 1998–2013 | ||
Diagnosis | Thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma | ||
Neoadjuvant Tx. | None or chemotherapy (CRT excluded) | ||
Operation | Three-field lymphadenectomy, R0 resection | ||
Group | O (open) | V (video-assisted) |
P value |
Number | 212 | 117 | |
Age | 62.3 ± 8.5 | 62.4 ± 8.3 | .937** |
Sex | |||
Male/female | 190/22 | 103/14 | .713 |
Location | |||
U/M/L | 29/127/56 | 23/66/28 | .360* |
Preoperative treatment | |||
None/Chemo | 166/46 | 49/68 | <.001 |
cT (TNM6th) | |||
1a/1b/2/3/4 | 3/68/42/95/4 | 5/38/39/34/1 | .009* |
cN (TNM6th) | |||
0/1 | 62/150 | 43/74 | .175 |
cM (TNM6th) | |||
0/1a/1b | 175/8/29 | 107/2/8 | .087* |
cSt (TNM6th) | |||
I/IIA/IIB/III/IVA/IVB | 39/23/42/71/8/29 | 27/16/40/24/2/8 | .006* |
pT (TNM7th) | |||
0/1a/1b/2/3/4a/4b | 1/15/71/20/100/5/0 | 0/15/46/25/31/0/0 | .001* |
pN (TNM7th) | |||
0/1/2/3 | 79/62/43/28 | 41/46/24/6 | .066* |
pM (TNM7th) | |||
0/1 | 173/39 | 102/15 | .216 |
pSt (TNM7th) | |||
IA/IB/IIA/IIB/IIIA/IIIB/IIIC/IV | 41/10/26/30/31/22/13/39 | 19/9/10/30/25/7/2/15 | .023* |
Hospital death | 4 (1.9%) | 0 | .301 |
Results
O (%) | V (%) |
P (Log rank) | |
---|---|---|---|
5y.s. (S.E.) | 5y.s. (S.E.) | ||
TNM6th cStage | |||
I | 86.9 (5.5) | 89.3 (7.5) | .594 |
IIA | 65.2 (9.9) | 78.7 (11.0) | .409 |
IIB | 78.6 (6.3) | 83.5 (6.9) | .370 |
III | 50.9 (6.0) | 73.0 (10.5) | .026 |
IVA | 25.0 (15.3) | – (–) | .685 |
IVB | 64.4 (9.0) | 70.0 (18.2) | .836 |
TNM7th pStage | |||
IA | 92.9 (4.1) | 100 (–) | .239 |
IB | 80.0 (12.6) | 100 (–) | .194 |
IIA | 72.7 (8.8) | 100 (–) | .081 |
IIB | 73.3 (8.1) | 86.1 (7.7) | .266 |
IIIA | 67.0 (8.6) | 61.8 (10.8) | .701 |
IIIB | 57.1 (10.8) | 75.0 (21.7) | .290 |
IIIC | 27.7 (13.5) | 0 (–) | .300 |
IV | 35.9 (7.7) | 70.0 (12.8) | .125 |
TNM7th pN | |||
0 | 84.8 (4.1) | 100 (–) | .011 |
1 | 64.0 (6.1) | 74.2 (8.0) | .083 |
2 | 59.5 (7.6) | 73.5 (9.4) | .179 |
3 | 23.2 (8.2) | 25.0 (20.4) | .796 |
Covariate | B | SE |
P
| HR |
---|---|---|---|---|
V/O |
−.837
|
.261
|
.001
|
.433
|
Period (L/F) | −.336 | .213 | .116 | .715 |
PreTx. | ||||
CT/NO | .001 | .208 | .995 | 1.001 |
Location | .339 | |||
U/M | .161 | .268 | .548 | 1.175 |
L/M | .307 | .210 | .145 | 1.359 |
Age (+1)
|
.032
|
.012
|
.008
|
1.032
|
Sex(M/F) | .424 | .347 | .222 | 1.528 |
cT (TNM6th)
|
.000
| |||
T1a/T2
|
−1.141
|
1.020
|
.263
|
.320
|
T1b/T2
|
−.480
|
.279
|
.085
|
.619
|
T3/T2
|
.456
|
.235
|
.052
|
1.577
|
T4/T2
|
1.487
|
.614
|
.015
|
4.424
|
cN (TNM6th)
| ||||
N1/N0
|
.749
|
.226
|
.001
|
2.114
|
cM (TNM6th)
|
.004
| |||
M1a/M0
|
1.207
|
.393
|
.002
|
3.343
|
M1b/M0
|
.417
|
.265
|
.116
|
1.517
|
pT (TNM7th)
*1
|
.000
| |||
T1a/T2
|
−.500
|
.548
|
.362
|
.607
|
T1b/T2
|
−.119
|
.367
|
.745
|
.887
|
T3/T2
|
.841
|
.340
|
.013
|
2.320
|
T4a/T2
|
1.970
|
.550
|
.000
|
7.171
|
pN (TNM7th)
|
.000
| |||
N1/N0
|
.918
|
.274
|
.001
|
2.504
|
N2/N0
|
1.188
|
.289
|
.000
|
3.279
|
N3/N0
|
2.199
|
.301
|
.000
|
9.019
|
pM (TNM7th)
| ||||
M1/M0
|
1.021
|
.210
|
.000
|
2.777
|
Covariate | B | SE | P | HR |
---|---|---|---|---|
Study with cTNM6th factors | ||||
V/O | −.788 | .265 | .003 | .455 |
cT6th | .000 | |||
T1a/T2 | −.904 | 1.021 | .376 | .405 |
T1b/T2 | −.577 | .281 | .041 | .562 |
T3/T2 | .334 | .239 | .164 | 1.396 |
T4/T2 | 1.445 | .618 | .019 | 4.240 |
cM6th | .46 | |||
M1a/M0 | .986 | .400 | .013 | 2.690 |
M1b/M0 | .050 | .273 | .859 | 1.052 |
Age (+1) | .036 | .012 | .003 | 1.036 |
Study with pTNM7th factors*1
| ||||
V/O | −.629 | .269 | .019 | .533 |
pT7th | .011 | |||
T1a/T2 | −.066 | .562 | .907 | .936 |
T1b/T2 | −.162 | .370 | .662 | .850 |
T3/T2 | .578 | .345 | .094 | 1.782 |
T4a/T2 | .939 | .579 | .105 | 2.557 |
pN7th | .000 | |||
N1/N0 | .920 | .281 | .001 | 2.510 |
N2/N0 | 1.062 | .303 | .000 | 2.891 |
N3/N0 | 2.143 | .334 | .000 | 8.526 |
Age (+1) | .052 | .012 | .000 | 1.053 |
Field | O | V |
P (t test) |
---|---|---|---|
Cervical | 45.2 ± 16.2 | 42.9 ± 14.9 | .189 |
Mediastinal | 42.4 ± 13.4 | 36.0 ± 12.3 | <.001. |
Abdominal | 29.1 ± 11.6 | 29.2 ± 11.6 | .973 |
3 fields | 116.6 ± 28.8 | 108.0 ± 28.4 | .010 |
Station | O | V | P |
106pre | 6.1 ± 5.1 | 2.4 ± 2.8 | <.001. |
101(R + L) | 6.3 ± 4.0 | 5.3 ± 4.1 | .033 |
106rec(R + L) | 9.9 ± 4.9 | 10.9 ± 5.6 | .098 |
Side | O (%) | V (%) |
P (t test) |
---|---|---|---|
Right | 58.5 ± 26.5 | 66.4 ± 25.1 | .009 |
Left | 63.8 ± 23.8 | 69.9 ± 23.1 | .024 |
Bilateral | 61.2 ± 19.8 | 67.8 ± 17.4 | .003 |
Station | O or V | Met. r (%) | 5-y s (%) | Efficacy index | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
101R | O | 10.4 |
P = .031* | 45.0 | 4.7 |
V | 3.4 | 66.7 | 2.3 | ||
106recR | O | 22.2 | 51.1 | 11.3 | |
V | 22.2 | 62.2 | 13.8 | ||
101L | O | 6.6 | 50.0 | 3.3 | |
V | 5.1 | 83.3 | 4.2 | ||
106recL | O | 10.4 |
P = .005* | 52.5 | 5.5 |
V | 22.2 | 71.5 | 15.8 |
Field | O or V | Met. r (%) | 5-y s (%) | Efficacy index | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cervical | O | 17.1 | 67.3 | 11.5 | |
V | 25.5 | 46.2 | 11.8 | ||
Mediastinal | O | 47.6 | 51.5 | 24.5 | |
V | 52.1 | 67.5 | 35.2 | ||
Abdominal | O | 38.2 |
P = .021* | 46.6 | 17.8 |
V | 25.6 | 67.4 | 17.3 |