Introduction
Methodology
Population
CMR imaging
CMR analysis
LA volumes and EF
LA strain and strain rate
Reproducibility and observer variability analyses
Statistical analysis
Results
Variable | All participants (n = 60) | Aortic stenosis (n = 16) | Type 2 diabetes (n = 28) | Haemodialysis (n = 10) | Healthy volunteers (n = 6) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 60.5 ± 11.1 | 67.3 ± 9.1 | 57.9 ± 10.2 | 57.8 ± 15.0 | 58.5 ± 6.9 |
Male (n, (%)) | 39 (65%) | 13 (81.3%) | 14 (50%) | 8 (80%) | 4 (66.7%) |
BMI (kg/m2) | 29.5 ± 5.3 | 27.1 ± 4.2 | 32.8 ± 5.2 | 25.0 ± 1.9 | 28.0 ± 2.7 |
BSA (m2) | 1.97 ± 0.2 | 1.94 ± 0.2 | 2.05 ± 0.2 | 1.78 ± 0.2 | 2.00 ± 0.2 |
SBP (mmHg) | 144.4 ± 19.6 | 148.1 ± 21.1 | 142.3 ± 16.4 | 142.6 ± 27.2 | 146.6 ± 18.0 |
DBP (mmHg) | 82.6 ± 11.6 | 76.1 ± 10.5 | 88.0 ± 6.3 | 72.8 ± 14.7 | 91.4 ± 8.7 |
Heart rate (beats per minute) | 71.0 ± 9.6 | 71.0 ± 10.9 | 75.4 ± 10.9 | 72.8 ± 11.2 | 64.7 ± 5.5 |
Medical and drug history | |||||
Hypertension | 38 (63.3%) | 10 (62.5%) | 17 (60.7%) | 9 (90%) | 2 (33.3%) |
Diabetes | 34 (56.7%) | 3 (18.8%) | 28 (100%) | 3 (30%) | 0 (0%) |
CAD | 5 (8.3%) | 2 (12.5%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (30%) | 0 (0%) |
ACEi | 11 (18.3%) | 3 (18.8%) | 7 (25%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (16.7%) |
ARB | 9 (15%) | 2 (12.5%) | 5 (17.9%) | 2 (20%) | 0 (0%) |
Beta-Blocker | 12 (20%) | 7 (43.8%) | 1 (3.6%) | 4 (40%) | 0 (0%) |
Statin | 35 (58.3%) | 12 (75%) | 15 (53.6%) | 7 (70%) | 1 (16.7%) |
CMR left ventricular data | |||||
LVEDV (ml) | 149.9 ± 41.6 | 177.5 ± 48.8 | 136.1 ± 38.0 | 139.3 ± 21.0 | 158.3 ± 29.4 |
LVEDVI (ml/m2) | 76.3 ± 18.5 | 91.7 ± 19.6 | 65.7 ± 13.6 | 79.3 ± 14.1 | 79.3 ± 11.0 |
LVEF (%) | 62.8 ± 8.6 | 57.4 ± 5.3 | 68.4 ± 6.5 | 54.3 ± 7.2 | 64.9 ± 6.7 |
LV Mass (g) | 116.4 ± 28.8 | 127.2 ± 35.9 | 116.9 ± 23.8 | 95.2 ± 22.0 | 120.3 ± 26.8 |
LVMI (g/m2) | 59.0 ± 11.1 | 65.4 ± 14.0 | 56.9 ± 7.7 | 53.8 ± 11.5 | 60.0 ± 9.6 |
LVM/LVEDV (g/ml) | 0.80 ± 0.2 | 0.72 ± 0.1 | 0.89 ± 0.2 | 0.68 ± 0.1 | 0.76 ± 0.1 |
Test-retest reproducibility
LA volumes and EF
Parameters | Scan 1 | Scan 2 | Bias ± SD difference | BA limits of agreement | CoV(%) | ICC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LAVmax (ml) | 72.1 ± 23.1 | 77.2 ± 25.5 | − 5.1 ± 14.6 | 23.6, − 33.7 | 19.6 | 0.89 |
LAVmin (ml) | 35.0 ± 14.8 | 36.9 ± 16.2 | − 1.9 ± 9.7 | 17.1, 20.9 | 27.0 | 0.89 |
LAVpre-A (ml) | 54.8 ± 19.6 | 59.6 ± 22.5 | − 4.8 ± 12.9 | 20.5, − 30.0 | 22.5 | 0.89 |
Total LAEF (%) | 51.9 ± 10.2 | 53.2 ± 9.1 | − 1.4 ± 8.2 | 14.7, − 17.4 | 15.6 | 0.78 |
LA strain and strain rate
Parameters | Scan 1 | Scan 2 | Bias ± SD difference | BA limits of agreement | CoV (%) | ICC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LAS_r (%) | 28.1 ± 8.6 | 29.5 ± 8.4 | − 1.4 ± 8.6 | 15.5, − 18.2 | 29.9 | 0.66 |
LAS_cd (%) | 13.8 ± 6.3 | 14.0 ± 6.5 | 0.23 ± 5.5 | 10.5, − 11.0 | 39.5 | 0.78 |
LAS_bp (%) | 14.3 ± 7.1 | 14.5 ± 5.6 | − 0.22 ± 5.8 | 11.2, − 11.6 | 40.3 | 0.74 |
LASR_r (s−1) | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.03 ± 0.3 | 0.6, − 0.5 | 28.9 | 0.68 |
LASR_cd (s−1) | − 0.7 ± 0.3 | − 0.6 ± 0.3 | − 0.01 ± 0.2 | 0.5, − 0.5 | 35.9 | 0.83 |
LASR_bp (s−1) | − 1.0 ± 0.4 | − 1.0 ± 0.4 | − 0.05 ± 0.4 | 0.7, − 0.9 | 40.7 | 0.62 |