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Erschienen in: Trauma und Berufskrankheit 1/2017

22.02.2017 | Leitthema

Return-to-Competition

Sicher zurück in den Sport

verfasst von: H. Bloch, C. Klein, P. Luig, H. Riepenhof

Erschienen in: Trauma und Berufskrankheit | Ausgabe 1/2017

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Zusammenfassung

Trotz zunehmender Präventionsbemühungen sind Verletzungen derzeit noch immer Bestandteil des Profisports, und mit einer verletzungsfreien Spielzeit ist in den 4 größten Mannschaftssportarten Deutschlands – Fußball, Handball, Basketball und Eishockey – nicht zu rechnen. Konzepte zur Vermeidung von Rezidivverletzungen sowie Sekundär- und Tertiärpräventionsprogramme sind daher notwendige Aspekte des Rückkehrprozesses in den Wettkampfsport. Unabhängig von der Rehabilitationsphase, ob Rückkehr zur Aktivität (Return-to-Activity), Rückkehr ins sportartspezifische Rehabilitationstraining (Return-to-Sport), Rückkehr ins uneingeschränkte Mannschaftstraining (Return-to-Play) oder Rückkehr in den Wettkampfsport (Return-to-Competition), ist die Überprüfung von physischer und psychischer Leistungsfähigkeit ein wesentliches Kriterium zur Sicherstellung einer optimalen Progression. Wird der gesamte Rehabilitationsprozess betrachtet, so stellt darüber hinaus die sukzessive Belastungssteigerung in sämtlichen Phasen eine große Herausforderung dar. Belastungssprünge der Intensität oder des Volumens von mehr als 10 % gilt es, auf dem Weg zum Erreichen des Vor-Verletzungsniveaus zu vermeiden. Zur finalen Beurteilung der Wettkampffähigkeit sollten im Optimalfall die beim sog. „Pre-Injury-Screening“ gemessenen individuellen Referenzwerte der Athleten im unverletzten Zustand herangezogen werden. Neben der Betrachtung von physiologischen Heilverläufen sollte das entscheidende Kriterium zur Erreichung der „Return-to-Meilensteine“ die der Rehabilitationsphase angepasste und für erforderlich erachtete Leistungsfähigkeit sein. Als Beispiel wurde bei der Rehabilitation von Verletzungen des vorderen Kreuzbandes ein Konsens für funktionelle Tests erarbeitet. Neben einer klinischen Voruntersuchung wurden dabei Anforderungen an die posturale Kontrolle, Sprung- und Landefähigkeit vor und nach Ermüdungsprovokation sowie Schnelligkeit und Agilität definiert.
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Metadaten
Titel
Return-to-Competition
Sicher zurück in den Sport
verfasst von
H. Bloch
C. Klein
P. Luig
H. Riepenhof
Publikationsdatum
22.02.2017
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Trauma und Berufskrankheit / Ausgabe 1/2017
Print ISSN: 1436-6274
Elektronische ISSN: 1436-6282
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10039-017-0236-z

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