Background
Methods
Selection criteria and search strategy
Data extraction
Outcomes
Statistical analysis
Results
Search results
Risk of bias
Publication bias
Study, patient, and treatment characteristics
Reference | Year of publication | Trial Phase | Cancer Type | Follow-up (month) | Total cisplatin dose(mg/m2) | Cisplatin Arm | Non-cisplatin Arm | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Regimen | No. of Patients | Second Cancers (No.) | Leukemia (No.) | Regimen | No. of Patients | Second Cancers (No.) | Leukemia (No.) | ||||||
Ajani et al.. | 2008 | III | Anal | Median 30.1 | Median 300 | Fluorouracil, cisplatin and radiotherapy | 320 | 1 | Fluorouracil, mitomycin and radiotherapy | 324 | 0 | ||
Basu et al | 2016 | II | Cervical | Median 29.2 | Median 200 | Cisplatin and radiotherapy | 105 | 0 | Interferon-alpha, retinoic acid and radiotherapy | 104 | 1 | ||
Booton et al | 2006 | III | Lung | Median 17.4 | Median 200 | Mitomycin, ifosfamide and cisplatin or mitomycin, vinblastine and cisplatin | 210 | 0 | Docetaxel and carboplatin | 212 | 1 | ||
Cohen et al | 2014 | III | Head and neck | Minimum 30 | Median 150 | Docetaxel, cisplatin and fluorouracil, followed by docetaxel, fluorouracil, and hydroxyurea plus radiotherapy | 138 | 2 | Docetaxel, fluorouracil, and hydroxyurea plus radiotherapy | 135 | 1 | ||
Conroy et al | 2014 | II/III | Oesophageal | Median 25.3 | Median 300 | Fluorouracil, cisplatin and radiotherapy | 133 | 7 | Fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin and radiotherapy | 134 | 8 | ||
Cortelazzo et al | 2012 | III | Lymphoma | Median 27.7 | Planned 300 | Rituximab, cyclophosphamide, Ara-C, methotrexate, etoposide, cisplatin and autografting | 121 | 0 | Rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone | 127 | 0 | ||
du Bois et al | 2003 | III | Ovarian | Mean: 48.5 for cisplatin arm 49.9 for non-cisplatin arm | Median 441.6 | Paclitaxel and cisplatin | 386 | 9 | 0 | Paclitaxel and carboplatin | 397 | 9 | 0 |
Fleming et al | 2004 | III | Endometrial | Median 61 for alive patients | Planned 350 | Doxorubicin and cisplatin | 156 | 0 | 0 | Doxorubicin and paclitaxel | 157 | 1 | 1 |
Fountzilas et al | 2004 | III | Head and neck | Median 60 | Median 270 | Cisplatin and radiotherapy | 45 | 1 | Carboplatin and radiotherapy | 38 | 1 | ||
Garden et al | 2004 | II | Head and neck | Median: 31.2–34.8 | Median 100/140 | Cisplatin, fluorouracil and radiotherapy vs cisplatin, paclitaxel and radiotherapy | 155 | 6 | Hydroxyurea, fluorouracil and radiotherapy | 76 | 1 | ||
Geyer et al | 2004 | II | Brain | Median 79.2 | Not reported | Vincristine, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide and etoposide | 149 | 3 | 3 | Vincristine, carboplatin, ifosfamide and etoposide | 135 | 1 | 1 |
Harari et al | 2014 | II | Head and neck | Median 52.8 | Median 180 | Cisplatin, cetuximab and radiotherapy | 97 | 4 | Docetaxel, cetuximab and radiotherapy | 106 | 12 | ||
Hiesiger et al | 1995 | Not reported | Brain | Median 26.5 for alive patients | Planned 720 | Cisplatin | 125 | 0 | 0 | PCNU | 145 | 1 | 1 |
Homma et al | 2004 | II | Head and neck | Median 63 | Median 64 | Cisplatin and radiotherapy | 59 | 7 | Carboplatin and radiotherapy | 60 | 7 | ||
Intragumtornchai et al | 2000 | Not reported | Lymphoma | Median 36 | Maximum 400 | Etoposide, methylprednisolone, high-dosecytarabine, cisplatin, high-dose therapy and autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation | 23 | 1 | 1 | Cyclophosphamide,doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone | 25 | 0 | 0 |
James et al | 2013 | III | Anus | Median 61.2 | Planned 120/120/240 | Cisplatin, fluorouracil and radiotherapy vs Mitomycin, fluorouracil, radiotherapy followed by cisplatin and fluorouracil vs Cisplatin, fluorouracil, radiotherapy followed by cisplatin and fluorouracil | 694 | 17 | Mitomycin, fluorouracil and radiotherapy | 246 | 3 | ||
Jennings et al | 2002 | II | Glioma | Maximum 37 | Median 300 | Cisplatin, etoposide, cyclophosphamide and vincristine | 31 | 0 | 0 | Carboplatin, etoposide, and vincristine | 32 | 1 | 1 |
Nicoletto et al | 2007 | Not reported | Ovarian | Median 178 | Median 375 | Cisplatin and cyclophosphamide | 80 | 0 | Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide | 81 | 2 | ||
Nielsen et al | 2000 | III | Breast | Mean 17 | Median 518 | Epirubicin and cisplatin | 74 | 3 | 3 | Epirubicin | 81 | 0 | 0 |
Olasz et al | 2004 | Not reported | Head and neck | Median 52 | Median 120 | Bleomycin, vincristine, methotrexate and cisplatin | 19 | 1 | Bleomycin, vincristine and methotrexate | 19 | 1 | ||
Sirohi et al | 2010 | III | Breast | Median 112 | Median 360 | Epirubicin, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil | 172 | 3 | 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin and cyclophosphamide | 177 | 11 | ||
Sutton et al | 2000 | III | Uterus | Maximum 24 | Median 320 | Ifosfamide and cisplatin | 90 | 1 | 1 | Ifosfamide | 101 | 0 | 0 |
Taylor et al | 1994 | III | Ovarian | Median 108 | Median 331.2 | Cisplatin | 64 | 0 | Carboplatin | 67 | 0 | ||
Tropé et al | 1996 | Not reported | Ovarian | Minimum 120 | Planned 500 | Cisplatin, doxorubicin and melphalan | 143 | 4 | 4 | Doxorubicin and melphalan | 153 | 2 | 2 |
Tsimberidou et al | 2002 | Not reported | Lymphoma | Median 70.8 | Planned 100 | CHOD-Bleo, ESHAP, and NOPP | 69 | 1 | 1 | Fludarabine, mitoxantrone, and dexamethasone | 1 | 73 | 1 |
Wada et al | 1996 | Not reported | Lung | Median 60 | Mean 56.5 | Cisplatin, vindesine, tegafur and uracil | 109 | 3 | Tegafur and uracil | 103 | 2 | ||
Wadler et al | 1996 | III | Ovarian | Median 156 for alive patients | Median 580 | Cyclophosphamid, hexamethylmelamine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin | 126 | 0 | Melphalan | 118 | 1 | ||
Williams et al | 1985 | Not reported | Ovarian | Median 45 | Planned 400 | Cisplatin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide | 40 | 1 | 1 | Chlorambucil | 44 | 0 | 0 |
Second cancers
Subgroup analyses
Group | No. of trials | Cisplatin | Non-cisplatin | I2(%) | OR (95%CI) | P | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of events | No. of patients | No. of events | No. of patients | OR | Interaction | ||||
Type of control | 0.93 | ||||||||
Non-platinum | 20 | 48 | 2856 | 40 | 2395 | 29 | 0.94 [0.60, 1.45] | 0.77 | |
Other platinum | 8 | 27 | 1077 | 28 | 1075 | 0 | 0.97 [0.56, 1.66] | 0.90 | |
Total cisplatin dose(mg/m2) | 0.85 | ||||||||
≤ 300 | 16 | 50 | 2461 | 41 | 1946 | 0 | 0.94 [0.61, 1.46] | 0.80 | |
> 300 | 11 | 22 | 1323 | 26 | 1389 | 43 | 0.88 [0.50, 1.56] | 0.66 | |
Follow-up time(months) | 0.77 | ||||||||
≤ 60 | 18 | 40 | 2221 | 39 | 2203 | 4 | 0.99 [0.63, 1.56] | 0.97 | |
> 60 | 10 | 35 | 1712 | 29 | 1267 | 30 | 0.89 [0.53, 1.50] | 0.67 | |
Mode of treatment | 0.78 | ||||||||
Chemotherapy alone | 19 | 30 | 2187 | 34 | 2247 | 19 | 0.90 [0.55, 1.48] | 0.68 | |
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy | 9 | 45 | 1746 | 34 | 1223 | 5 | 0.99 [0.62, 1.59] | 0.98 | |
Mode of comparison | 0.40 | ||||||||
Un-confounded | 16 | 53 | 2602 | 51 | 2228 | 28 | 0.88 [0.59, 1.32] | 0.54 | |
Confounded | 13 | 22 | 1331 | 18 | 1318 | 0 | 1.21 [0.65, 2.28] | 0.54 | |
Treatment setting | 0.50 | ||||||||
Adjuvant | 20 | 61 | 2747 | 56 | 2252 | 0 | 0.90 [0.62, 1.31] | 0.65 | |
Metastasis | 8 | 14 | 1186 | 12 | 1218 | 0 | 1.18 [0.59, 2.37] | 0.58 |