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Erschienen in: Der Onkologe 3/2020

15.01.2020 | Sarkome | Leitthema

Strategien bei gastrointestinalen Stromatumoren und intraabdominellen sowie retroperitonealen Sarkomen

verfasst von: PD Dr. med. Jens Jakob

Erschienen in: Die Onkologie | Ausgabe 3/2020

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die häufigsten abdominellen mesenchymalen Tumoren sind gastrointestinale Stromatumoren (GIST) und retroperitoneale bzw. intraabdominelle Sarkome.

Ziel

Im vorliegenden Artikel werden aktuelle Aspekte der Diagnostik (Biopsie) und Therapie sowie der Versorgungsstrukturen bei GIST und anderen abdominellen Sarkomen dargelegt.

Material und Methoden

Diese Arbeit basiert auf einer selektiven Literaturrecherche in der Datenbank PubMed zum Thema GIST und retroperitoneale und intraabdominelle Sarkome.

Ergebnisse

Aus der histologisch heterogenen Gruppe der intraabdominellen/retroperitonealen Weichgewebesarkome grenzen sich GIST aufgrund einer typischen Gain-of-Function-Mutation von Rezeptortyrosinkinasen ab. Für Letztere eröffnet sich hierdurch die Chance auf eine in randomisierten Studien geprüfte, gezielte Therapie. Die Therapieansätze bei anderen abdominellen Sarkomen sind dahingegen meist nicht molekular zielgerichtet und beruhen weitgehend auf Daten aus Kohortenstudien und randomisierten Studien bei Extremitätensarkomen.

Schlussfolgerung

Das unterschiedliche Management von GIST und anderen abdominellen Sarkomen ergibt sich aus der Etablierung der gezielten GIST-Therapie durch Tyrosinkinaseinhibitoren. Ansonsten wird das Therapiemanagement beider Entitäten durch die ihre Seltenheit bestimmt.
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Metadaten
Titel
Strategien bei gastrointestinalen Stromatumoren und intraabdominellen sowie retroperitonealen Sarkomen
verfasst von
PD Dr. med. Jens Jakob
Publikationsdatum
15.01.2020
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Schlagwörter
Sarkome
GIST
Imatinib
Erschienen in
Die Onkologie / Ausgabe 3/2020
Print ISSN: 2731-7226
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7234
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-019-00693-6

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