Introduction
Methods
Study population
Definition of CRT response
Image acquisition
SLICE strain analysis
Strain parameters
Electrocardiographic and echocardiographic parameters
Statistical analysis
Results
Variable | Total group (n = 57) | Responders (n = 43) | Non-responders (n = 14) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 65 ± 10 | 63 ± 10 | 71 ± 9 | 0.013 |
Gender (n, % male) | 30 (53%) | 20 (47%) | 10 (71%) | 0.132 |
Etiology (n, % ICMP) | 13 (23%) | 5 (12%) | 8 (57%) | 0.001 |
ECG–QRS width (ms) | 176 (165–188) | 180 (168–194) | 169 (152–176) | 0.011 |
ECG–QRS morph (n, % LBBB) | 45 (79%) | 38 (88%) | 7 (50%) | 0.005 |
ECG–QRS area (µVs) | 138 (118–159) | 143 (126–168) | 115 (78–126) | 0.002 |
Echo–IVMD (ms) | 50 ± 29 | 58 ± 25 | 24 ± 24 | < 0.001 |
Echo–apical rocking (n, %) | 39 (68%) | 34 (79%) | 5 (36%) | 0.006 |
CAVIAR score (points) | 3 ± 3 | 4 ± 2 | 0 ± 2 | < 0.001 |
CMR–LVEDV (ml) | 283 (227—338) | 297 (231–380) | 256 (220–297) | 0.181 |
CMR–LVEF (%) | 28 ± 10 | 27 ± 10 | 30 ± 6 | 0.092 |
CMR–Scar size (% LV mass) | 1.3 (0.0–5.7) | 0.0 (0.0–2.7) | 5.7 (0.0–15.1) | 0.028 |
Echo–Change in LVESV after 12 months (%) | − 32 ± 27 | − 44 ± 18 | 4 ± 15 | < 0.001 |
ECG–Change in QRS width after CRT (ms) | − 32 ± 28 | − 37 ± 26 | − 15 ± 29 | 0.017 |
SLICE parameters and CRT response
Variable | R | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|
Basic strain parameters | Peak strainsep (%) | − 0.37 | 0.004 |
Peak strainlat (%) | 0.33 | 0.012 | |
ESSsep (%) | − 0.63 | < 0.001 | |
ESSlat (%) | 0.44 | < 0.001 | |
Timing parameters | Onset-delay (ms) | 0.06 | 0.669 |
Peak-delay (ms) | − 0.22 | 0.098 | |
Strain pattern parameters | SRSsep (%) | − 0.56 | < 0.001 |
SSIsep-lat (%) | − 0.53 | < 0.001 | |
ISFsep-lat | − 0.58 | < 0.001 |
Clinical parameters and CRT response
Univariable analysis | Model 1 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CMR parameters / ESSsep | Beta | 95% CI | P-value | Beta | 95% CI | P-value |
CMR–LVEDV (per 10 ml) | − 0.80 | − 1.53 to − 0.07 | 0.028 | 0.03 | − 0.86–0.93 | 0.938 |
CMR–LVEF (per %) | 0.79 | 0.08–1.51 | 0.029 | 0.42 | − 0.41–1.24 | 0.312 |
CMR–Scar size (per % LV mass) | 2.22 | 1.21–3.23 | < 0.001 | 1.32 | − 0.20–2.83 | 0.088 |
Scar at LV lead location (yes) | 12.54 | 3.81–21.27 | 0.006 | − 4.07 | − 25.0–16.9 | 0.696 |
CMR–ESSsep (per %) | − 2.20 | − 2.94 to − 1.47 | < 0.001 | − 1.25 | − 2.29 to − 0.21 | 0.019 |
Clinical parameters / ESSsep | Model 2 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (per year) | 1.06 | 0.43–1.70 | 0.001 | 0.68 | 0.17–1.20 | 0.009 |
Gender (male) | 17.3 | 3.94–30.67 | 0.011 | − 1.24 | − 12.63–10.16 | 0.831 |
Etiology (ICMP) | 30.89 | 16.19–45.58 | < 0.001 | 12.20 | − 1.68–26.08 | 0.085 |
ECG–QRS width (per ms) | − 0.29 | − 0.55 to − 0.02 | 0.033 | − 0.08 | − 0.30–0.14 | 0.481 |
ECG–QRS morph (LBBB) | − 29.12 | − 44.62 to − 13.63 | < 0.001 | − 9.58 | − 23.80–4.63 | 0.186 |
CMR–ESSsep (per %) | − 2.20 | − 2.94 to − 1.47 | < 0.001 | − 1.32 | − 2.18 to − 0.47 | 0.002 |
CAVIAR components / ESSsep | Model 3 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (per year) | 1.06 | 0.43–1.70 | 0.001 | 0.63 | 0.14–1.13 | 0.013 |
ECG–QRS area (per μVs) | − 0.32 | − 0.45 to − 0.19 | < 0.001 | − 0.18 | − 0.30 to − 0.05 | 0.005 |
Echo–IVMD (per ms) | − 0.52 | − 0.73 to − 0.31 | < 0.001 | 0.12 | − 0.35–0.10 | 0.288 |
Echo–apical rocking | − 26.08 | − 39.59 to − 12.56 | < 0.001 | − 2.66 | − 15.56–10.25 | 0.687 |
CMR–ESSsep (per %) | − 2.20 | − 2.94 to − 1.47 | < 0.001 | − 1.51 | − 2.35 to − 0.67 | < 0.001 |