Introduction
Materials and methods
BSI epidemiological survey method
Results
enters | BSI incidence rates per 1000 PD | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
During the 3-month survey | BSI | B-cvc | B-uvc | ||||||||
PD | Nosocomial BSI | All | S. aureus | S. epidermidis | S. capitis | Enterobacteriaceae | All | S. aureus B-cvc | S. capitis B-cvc | All | |
Participating centers with a neonatal intensive care unit | |||||||||||
University regional hospitals | |||||||||||
1 | 2,443 | 10 | 4.09 | 0.82 | 2.45 | 0.41 | 0.00 | 1.64 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 2.46 |
2 | 1,840 | 7 | 3.80 | 1.09 | 0.54 | 0.00 | 1.63 | 1.63 | 0.54 | 0.00 | 0.54 |
3 | 1,825 | 10 | 5.48 | 2.19 | 1.64 | 0.00 | 0.55 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
4 | 1,658 | 14 | 8.44 | 2.41 | 4.22 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 3.01 | 1.21 | 0.60 | 0.60 |
5 | 1,482 | 6 | 4.05 | 0.67 | 0.00 | 2.02 | 0.00 | 1.35 | 0.67 | 0.67 | 0.00 |
6 | 1,332 | 8 | 6.01 | 0.00 | 3.00 | 1.50 | 1.50 | 3.00 | 0.00 | 0.75 | 1.50 |
7 | 1,322 | 10 | 7.56 | 0.76 | 3.02 | 0.76 | 0.76 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
8 | 1,204 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
9 | 1,134 | 8 | 7.05 | 0.00 | 2.64 | 1.76 | 0.00 | 3.53 | 0.00 | 0.88 | 0.88 |
10 | 1,114 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
11 | 1,062 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
12 | 1,023 | 6 | 5.86 | 0.00 | 2.93 | 0.98 | 0.00 | 0.98 | 0.00 | 0.98 | 1.95 |
13 | 1,016 | 3 | 2.97 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.00 | 0.98 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.98 |
14 | 999 | 3 | 3.00 | 0.00 | 2.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
15 | 892 | 4 | 4.48 | 0.00 | 1.12 | 2.24 | 1.12 | 2.24 | 0.00 | 1.12 | 1.12 |
16 | 822 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
17 | 764 | 5 | 6.54 | 1.31 | 3.93 | 1.31 | 0.00 | 2.62 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
18 | 793 | 5 | 6.31 | 1.26 | 2.52 | 1.26 | 0.00 | 3.78 | 0.00 | 1.26 | 0.00 |
19 | 636 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
20 | 545 | 4 | 11.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.83 | 5.50 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.83 |
21 | 524 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
General hospitals | |||||||||||
22 | 972 | 3 | 3.09 | 1.03 | 1.03 | 1.03 | 0.00 | 2.06 | 1.03 | 1.03 | 1.03 |
23 | 893 | 1 | 1.12 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.12 | 0.00 | 1.12 | 0.00 | 1.12 | 0.00 |
24 | 890 | 5 | 5.62 | 2.25 | 2.25 | 1.12 | 1.12 | 1.12 | 1.12 | 0.00 | 1.12 |
25 | 769 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
26 | 753 | 6 | 7.97 | 3.98 | 0.00 | 1.33 | 2.66 | 1.33 | 1.33 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
27 | 595 | 2 | 3.36 | 0.00 | 1.68 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.68 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
28 | 570 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
29 | 493 | 6 | 12.20 | 0.00 | 6.08 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 2.03 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 10.14 |
30 | 401 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0,00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
31 | 396 | 1 | 2.52 | 0.00 | 2.52 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 2.52 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
32 | 369 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
33 | 353 | 2 | 2.68 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
34 | 320 | 3 | 9.38 | 0.00 | 6.25 | 0.00 | 3.12 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
35 | 308 | 7 | 22.72 | 0.00 | 9.74 | 0.00 | 6.49 | 9.74 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
36 | 275 | 2 | 7.27 | 3.64 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 3.64 | 3.64 | 3.64 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
Participating centers with intensive care beds in neonatal medical unit | |||||||||||
General hospital | |||||||||||
22 | 854 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
Private clinic | |||||||||||
40 | 330 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
All | 33,971 | 141 | 4.15 | 0.71 | 1.62 | 0.59 | 0.50 | 1.38 | 0.26 | 0.29 | 0.68 |
BSIs | Infected neonates | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Portal of entry | Sex | Birth weight (g) | Gestational age (week) | Early death (%) | |||||||||||
CVC | UVC | Cutaneous | Pulmonary | Urinary | Digestive | Others | Not identified | Male | Female | < 1500 g | Median | < 33 weeks | Median | |||
Micro-organism | ||||||||||||||||
All | 141 | 47 | 23 | 12 | 9 | 1 | 17 | 9 | 23 | 81 | 60 | 112 (79.4) | 980 | 113 (80.1) | 28 | 22 (15.6) |
S. aureus | 24 | 9 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 12 | 16 (66.7) | 1,100 | 16 (66.7) | 30 | 7 (29.2) | |
S. epidermidis | 55 | 20 | 11 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 12 | 35 | 20 | 43 (78.2) | 910 | 43 (78.2) | 27 | 5 (9.1) | |
S. haemolyticus | 22 | 10 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 10 | 12 | 22 (100.0) | 917 | 21 (95.4) | 27 | 3 (13.6) | ||
S. capitis | 20 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 12 | 8 | 16 (80.0) | 855 | 15 (75.0) | 26 | 1 (5.0) | ||
Enterococci | 7 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 4 (57.1) | 1,260 | 4 (57.1) | 31 | 1 (14.3) | |||
Enterobacteriaceae | 17 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 9 | 8 | 9 (52.9) | 1,480 | 11 (64.7) | 29 | 5 (29.4) | |
Bacillus cereus | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 2 (66.7) | 745 | 3 (100.0) | 28 | 0 |
Number of CRBSIs | Time lag (days) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Median | < 10 days | ≥ 10 days | ||
Micro-organism | |||||
S. aureus | 13 | 7.2 | 6 | 11 | 3 |
S. epidermidis | 31 | 8.0 | 6 | 26 | 5 |
S. haemolyticus | 13 | 8.1 | 6 | 9 | 4 |
S. capitis | 10 | 10.3 | 10 | 4 | 7 |
Enterococci | 4 | 6.2 | 6 | 4 | 0 |
Enterobacteriaceae | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 0 |
Centers | Strain | Antibiotype* | MIC vancomycine (mg/L) | MIC teicoplanine (mg/L) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | Oxa KTG Ri Fu | 0.5 | < 0.25 |
9 | 2 | Oxa KTG Ri Fo | 0.5 | < 0.25 |
3 | Oxa KTG Ri Fo | 0.5 | < 0.25 | |
4 | 4 | Oxa KTG Ri Fo | – | – |
7 | 5 | Oxa AKTG Ri Fu Ery | – | – |
13 | 6 | Oxa TG Nor | 1 | 2 |
6 | 7 | Oxa G Cip Ery Ri | < 4 | < 2 |
8 | Oxa G Cip Ery | < 4 | < 2 | |
5 | 9 | Oxa ATG Ri Fo Te(I) Ery(I) Pr(I) | 1 | 0.5 |
10 | Oxa ATG Ri Fo Te(I) Ery(I) Pr(I) | 1 | 0.5 | |
11 | Oxa ATG Ri Fo Te(I) Ery(I) Pr(I) | 1 | 0.5 | |
15 | 12 | Oxa ATG Cip Fo | 1 | 2 |
13 | Oxa ATG Cip Fo | 1 | 1 | |
17 | 14 | Oxa AKTG Cip Fo | 1 | 1 |
12 | 15 | Oxa KTG Ery | 2 | 4 |
22 | 16 | Oxa AKTG | 0.5 | < 0.25 |
18 | 17 | Oxa ATG Ri Fu | 0.5 | < 0.25 |
26 | 20 | Oxa ATG Ri Fo Te(I) Ery(I) Pr(I) | 1 | 2 |