Background
Methods
Risk assessment
Primary prevention with statins in diabetes
Statistical analysis
Results
All n = 1622 | Men n = 1020 | Women n = 602 | |
---|---|---|---|
Gender, % | – | 63 | 37 |
Age, year | 68.0 (14.1) | 65.4 (13.2) | 72.3 (14.4) |
Smoking, % | 38 | 42 | 32 |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.1 (1.2) | 5.0 (1.1) | 5.3 (1.4) |
LDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 3.2 (1.1) | 3.2 (1.0) | 3.2 (1.2) |
HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.3 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.5 (0.5) |
Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.6 (1.2) | 1.6 (1.3) | 1.5 (1.0) |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 138 (20.5) | 138 (19.9) | 138 (21.5) |
Hypertension, % | 65 | 61 | 72 |
Statin, % | 16 | 15 | 18 |
Diabetes, % | 14 | 13 | 16 |
SCORE (mean)a, % | 3.9 (3.2) | 4.6 (3.4) | 2.8 (2.1) |
Prevalence of diabetes in patients with first MI
Diabetes | No diabetes | p value | |
---|---|---|---|
n = 228 | n = 1394 | ||
Gender (male), % | 57 | 64 | 0.05 |
Age, year | 70.3 (13.8) | 67.6 (14.1) | 0.006 |
Smoking, % | 36 | 39 | 0.34 |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.5 (1.4) | 5.2 (1.2) | <0.001 |
LDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.5 (1.1) | 3.3 (1.1) | <0.001 |
HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.3 (0.4) | <0.001 |
Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.9 (1.4) | 1.5 (1.1) | <0.001 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 138 (23) | 138 (20) | 0.68 |
Hypertension, % | 79 | 63 | <0.001 |
Statin, % | 47 | 11 | <0.001 |
SCORE (mean)a, % | 3.8 (2.9) | 4.0 (3.2) | 0.4 |
Men | Women | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Diabetes n = 130 | No diabetes n = 890 | p value | Diabetes n = 98 | No diabetes n = 504 | p value | |
Age, year | 68.4 (13.7) | 65.0 (13.1) | 0.006 | 72.9 (13.5) | 72.2 (14.6) | 0.64 |
Smoking, % | 36 | 43 | 0.12 | 35 | 32 | 0.49 |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.3 (1.3) | 5.1 (1.1) | <0.001 | 4.7 (1.4) | 5.4 (1.3) | <0.001 |
LDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.5 (1.1) | 3.3 (1.0) | <0.001 | 2.6 (1.2) | 3.3 (1.2) | <0.001 |
HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.4) | 0.17 | 1.3 (0.4) | 1.5 (0.5) | <0.001 |
Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.8 (1.2) | 1.6 (1.3) | 0.07 | 2.0 (1.7) | 1.4 (0.8) | <0.001 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 139 (20.8) | 138 (19.7) | 0.39 | 138 (24.9) | 138 (20.8) | 0.73 |
Hypertension, % | 78 | 59 | <0.001 | 82 | 70 | 0.02 |
Statin, % | 45 | 10 | <0.001 | 49 | 12 | <0.001 |
SCORE (mean)a, % | 4.4 (3.2) | 4.6 (3.5) | 0.59 | 2.8 (2.2) | 2.8 (2.1) | 0.73 |
Statin vs. non-statin use in diabetic patients
On statins before MI | Not on statins before MI | p value | |
---|---|---|---|
n = 106 | n = 122 | ||
Gender, % | – | – | 0.51 |
Age, year | 70.1 (12.0) | 70.6 (15.2) | 0.80 |
Smoking, % | 34 | 37 | 0.21 |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.1 (1.2) | 4.8 (1.4) | <0.001 |
LDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.1 (0.9) | 2.9 (1.2) | <0.001 |
HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.4) | 0.42 |
Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.8 (1.6) | 1.9 (1.3) | 0.45 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 139 (21.5) | 138 (24.0) | 0.76 |
Hypertension, % | 89 | 71 | 0.001 |
Antihypertensive medicine, % | 79 | 60 | 0.002 |
GFRc, mL/min/1.73 m2
| 64 (27.3) | 72 (27.3) | 0.03 |
Nephropathy (GFR < 60)c, % | 43 | 33 | 0.69 |
Family history of CHD, % | 37 | 34 | 0.62 |
LDL cholesterol ≥2 mmol/L, % | 54 | 81 | <0.001 |
LDL cholesterol ≥1.8 mmol/L, % | 57 | 83 | <0.001 |
SCORE (mean), % | – | 3.8 (2.8) | |
SCORE (mean) before statin therapya, % | 4.6 (3.8) | – | |
Estimated 10-year risk in diabetes (mean)b, % | 16.6 (12.4) | 13.7 (10.2) | 0.10 |
Estimated 10-year risk in diabetes ≥5 %b, n/n | 91 % | 85 % | 0.22 |
Factors associated with statin use in diabetic patients
Risk factor | Odds ratio (95 % CI) for statin use | ||
---|---|---|---|
Overall | Men | Women | |
Age, per 5-year increase | 0.97 (0.87–1.09) | 1.07 (0.93–1.24) | 0.82 (0.68–0.99) |
Sex | 1.0 (0.55–1.81) | – | – |
Current smoking | 0.77 (0.41–1.45) | 0.83 (0.36–1.95) | 0.68 (0.25–1.82) |
Total cholesterola
| 1.51 (1.22–1.87) | 1.66 (1.24–2.22) | 1.29 (0.93–1.79) |
Hypertension | 3.36 (1.53–7.35) | 3.06 (1.14–8.27) | 5.46 (1.35–22.08) |