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01.02.2022 | Systematic Review

Statins and Gliomas: A Systematic Review of the Preclinical Studies and Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Literature

verfasst von: Luis F. Rendon, Ishaan A. Tewarie, David J. Cote, Aaron Gabriel, Timothy R. Smith, Marike L. D. Broekman, Rania A. Mekary

Erschienen in: Drugs | Ausgabe 3/2022

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Abstract

Background

Gliomas represent most common primary brain tumors. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common subtype and carries a poor prognosis. There is growing interest in the anti-glioma properties of statins. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the preclinical literature and to meta-analyze existing clinical studies to determine what benefit, if any, statins may confer in the context of glioma.

Methods

The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science libraries were queried in May 2021. Preclinical studies were included if they investigated the anti-cancer effects of statins in glioma in vitro and in vivo. Clinical studies were included if they reported incidence rates of glioma by statin use, or mortality outcomes among GBM patients by statin use. Pooled point estimates were calculated using a random-effects model.

Results

In total, 64 publications, 51 preclinical and 13 clinical, were included. Preclinical studies indicated that statins inhibited glioma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. These effects were time- and concentration-dependent. Synergistic anti-glioma effects were observed when statins were combined with other anti-cancer therapies. Clinical observational studies showed an inverse, albeit non-statistically significant, association between statin use and incidence rate of glioma (HR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.62–1.13, I² = 72%, p-heterogeneity = 0.003, 6 studies). Statin use was not associated with better overall survival following GBM surgery (HR = 1.05, 95% CI 0.85–1.30, I² = 30%, p-heterogeneity = 0.23, 4 studies).

Conclusion

Statins were potent anti-cancer drugs that suppressed glioma growth through various mechanisms in vitro; these effects have translated into the clinical realm, clinically but not statistically, in terms of glioma incidence but not GBM survival.

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Titel: Statins and Gliomas: A Systematic Review of the Preclinical Studies and Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Literature
verfasst von: Luis F. Rendon
Ishaan A. Tewarie
David J. Cote
Aaron Gabriel
Timothy R. Smith
Marike L. D. Broekman
Rania A. Mekary
Publikationsdatum: 01.02.2022
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in: Drugs / Ausgabe 3/2022
Print ISSN: 0012-6667
Elektronische ISSN: 1179-1950
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-021-01668-x

Live-Webinar "Urologie und Sexualmedizin in der Praxis"

Springer Medizin

Statins and Gliomas: A Systematic Review of the Preclinical Studies and Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Literature

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Live-Webinar "Urologie und Sexualmedizin in der Praxis"

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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