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International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery

Erschienen in:

01.03.2014 | Original Article

Statistical model-based segmentation of the proximal femur in digital antero-posterior (AP) pelvic radiographs

verfasst von: Weiguo Xie, Jochen Franke, Cheng Chen, Paul A. Grützner, Steffen Schumann, Lutz-P. Nolte, Guoyan Zheng

Erschienen in: International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery | Ausgabe 2/2014

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Abstract

Purpose

Segmentation of the proximal femur in digital antero-posterior (AP) pelvic radiographs is required to create a three-dimensional model of the hip joint for use in planning and treatment. However, manually extracting the femoral contour is tedious and prone to subjective bias, while automatic segmentation must accommodate poor image quality, anatomical structure overlap, and femur deformity. A new method was developed for femur segmentation in AP pelvic radiographs.

Methods

Using manual annotations on 100 AP pelvic radiographs, a statistical shape model (SSM) and a statistical appearance model (SAM) of the femur contour were constructed. The SSM and SAM were used to segment new AP pelvic radiographs with a three-stage approach. At initialization, the mean SSM model is coarsely registered to the femur in the AP radiograph through a scaled rigid registration. Mahalanobis distance defined on the SAM is employed as the search criteria for each annotated suggested landmark location. Dynamic programming was used to eliminate ambiguities. After all landmarks are assigned, a regularized non-rigid registration method deforms the current mean shape of SSM to produce a new segmentation of proximal femur. The second and third stages are iteratively executed to convergence.

Results

A set of 100 clinical AP pelvic radiographs (not used for training) were evaluated. The mean segmentation error was \(0.96\,\hbox {mm} \pm 0.35\,\hbox {mm}\), requiring \(<\!5\) s per case when implemented with Matlab. The influence of the initialization on segmentation results was tested by six clinicians, demonstrating no significance difference.

Conclusions

A fast, robust and accurate method for femur segmentation in digital AP pelvic radiographs was developed by combining SSM and SAM with dynamic programming. This method can be extended to segmentation of other bony structures such as the pelvis.

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Titel: Statistical model-based segmentation of the proximal femur in digital antero-posterior (AP) pelvic radiographs
verfasst von: Weiguo Xie
Jochen Franke
Cheng Chen
Paul A. Grützner
Steffen Schumann
Lutz-P. Nolte
Guoyan Zheng
Publikationsdatum: 01.03.2014
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery / Ausgabe 2/2014
Print ISSN: 1861-6410
Elektronische ISSN: 1861-6429
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-013-0932-5

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Statistical model-based segmentation of the proximal femur in digital antero-posterior (AP) pelvic radiographs