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Breast Cancer Research and Treatment

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01.01.2015 | Preclinical study

Stearidonic acid-enriched flax oil reduces the growth of human breast cancer in vitro and in vivo

verfasst von: K. Subedi, H.-M. Yu, M. Newell, R. J. Weselake, D. Meesapyodsuk, X. Qiu, S. Shah, C. J. Field

Erschienen in: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment | Ausgabe 1/2015

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Abstract

The 20 and 22 carbon n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) inhibit the growth of tumors in vitro and in animal models, but less is known about the 18 carbon n-3, stearidonic acid (SDA). This study aimed to establish and determine a mechanism for the anti-cancer activity of SDA-enriched oil (SO). SO (26 % of lipid) was produced by genetically engineering flax and used to treat human tumorigenic (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7) and non-tumorigenic (MCF-12A) breast cells. Nu/nu mice bearing MDA-MB-231 tumor were fed SO (SDA, 4 % of fat). Cell/tumor growth, phospholipid (PL) composition, apoptosis, CD95, and pro-apoptotic molecules were determined in SO-treated cells/tumors. Compared to a control lipid mixture, SO reduced (p < 0.05) the number of tumorigenic, but not MCF-12A cells, and resulted in higher concentration of most of the n-3 fatty acids in PL of all cells (p < 0.05). However, docosapentaenoic acid increased only in tumorigenic cells (p < 0.05). SO diet decreased tumor growth and resulted in more n-3 LCPUFA, including DPA and less arachidonic acid (AA) levels in major tumor PL (p < 0.05). Treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells/tumors with SO resulted in more apoptotic cells (in tumors) and in vivo and in vitro, more CD95+ positive cells and a higher expression of apoptotic molecules caspase-10, Bad, or Bid (p < 0.05). Supplementing SO alters total PL and PL classes by increasing membrane content of n-3 LCPUFA and lowering AA (in vivo), which is associated with increased CD95-mediated apoptosis, thereby suggesting a possible mechanism for reduce tumor survival.

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Titel: Stearidonic acid-enriched flax oil reduces the growth of human breast cancer in vitro and in vivo
verfasst von: K. Subedi
H.-M. Yu
M. Newell
R. J. Weselake
D. Meesapyodsuk
X. Qiu
S. Shah
C. J. Field
Publikationsdatum: 01.01.2015
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment / Ausgabe 1/2015
Print ISSN: 0167-6806
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-7217
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-014-3212-3

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Stearidonic acid-enriched flax oil reduces the growth of human breast cancer in vitro and in vivo

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