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Erschienen in: Clinical Rheumatology 2/2022

17.09.2021 | Original Article

The effectiveness of tocilizumab in treating refractory adult-onset Still’s disease with dichotomous phenotypes: IL-18 is a potential predictor of therapeutic response

verfasst von: Kuo-Tung Tang, Chia-Wei Hsieh, Hsin-Hua Chen, Yi-Ming Chen, Shih-Hsin Chang, Po-Hao Huang, Joung-Liang Lan, Der-Yuan Chen

Erschienen in: Clinical Rheumatology | Ausgabe 2/2022

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Abstract

Objective

Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is a systemic inflammatory disorder with clinical heterogeneity. Although tocilizumab (TCZ), an interleukin (IL)-6 receptor inhibitor, is an effective treatment for AOSD, the evidence regarding its efficacy on systemic or articular subtypes is conflicting. Furthermore, the predictors of therapeutic response are still elusive and worthy of exploration.

Methods

This two-center retrospective study analyzed the effectiveness and safety profile of TCZ treatment in 28 patients with refractory AOSD. The 28-joint disease activity score (DAS28) and systemic activity score were assessed before and during TCZ treatment period at weeks 12, 24, 36, and 48. Plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines at baseline were determined using ELISA method.

Results

Among the systemic subtype patients, 10 (58.8%), 13 (76.5%), 14 (82.4%), and 15 (88.2%) patients achieved complete remission at week 12, 24, 36, and 48, respectively, in comparison to 2 (22.2%), 5 (55.6%), 6 (66.7%), and 7 (77.8%) who achieved disease remission (DAS28 < 2.6) at weeks 12, 24, 36, and 48, respectively, among articular subtype patients. The systemic activity scores and inflammatory parameters were significantly decreased after 12-week TCZ therapy, and TCZ could significantly reduce corticosteroid dose in AOSD patients. Multivariate analysis reveals that baseline IL-18 level is a significant predictor of poor therapeutic response at week 24 (odds ratio 7.86, p < 0.05).

Conclusion

AOSD patients refractory to high-dose corticosteroids and methotrexate may respond well to TCZ treatment with a steroid-sparing effect and an acceptable safety. A high baseline IL-18 level may be a predictor of poor therapeutic response.
Key Points
Tocilizumab may be effective and well-tolerated in refractory AOSD patients regardless of disease subtypes.
High plasma levels of IL-18 may predict poor response to tocilizumab in AOSD patients.
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Metadaten
Titel
The effectiveness of tocilizumab in treating refractory adult-onset Still’s disease with dichotomous phenotypes: IL-18 is a potential predictor of therapeutic response
verfasst von
Kuo-Tung Tang
Chia-Wei Hsieh
Hsin-Hua Chen
Yi-Ming Chen
Shih-Hsin Chang
Po-Hao Huang
Joung-Liang Lan
Der-Yuan Chen
Publikationsdatum
17.09.2021
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in
Clinical Rheumatology / Ausgabe 2/2022
Print ISSN: 0770-3198
Elektronische ISSN: 1434-9949
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-021-05921-2

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