nach oben

Current Gastroenterology Reports

Erschienen in:

01.08.2018 | Esophagus (J Clarke and N Ahuja, Section Editors)

The Esophageal Microbiome in Health and Disease

verfasst von: Brooke Corning, Andrew P. Copland, Jeanetta W. Frye

Erschienen in: Current Gastroenterology Reports | Ausgabe 8/2018

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Investigation of the esophageal microbiome is a relatively new field. This review will outline data characterizing the esophageal microbiome in both health and disease states, including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Barrett’s esophagus, esophageal cancer, eosinophilic esophagitis, and motility disorders.

Recent Findings

While the esophagus was previously considered devoid of a significant bacterial population, development of culture-independent techniques, specifically 16S rRNA gene sequencing, as well as novel, minimally invasive microbial sampling modalities, has facilitated characterization of the esophageal microbiome in both health and several disease states. Although limited, there is evidence that the esophagus contains a diverse microbial population, with Gram-positive bacteria, specifically Streptococcus, dominating in health, while Gram-negative bacteria prevail in reflux disorders including GERD and Barrett’s esophagus. The microbiome is altered with other esophageal disorders as well, including eosinophilic esophagitis and esophageal motility disorders, though these changes have been less well characterized.

Summary

Characterization of the gut microbiome has advanced significantly; however, further investigation is essential. Understanding changes in the esophageal microbiome could affect our understanding of the natural history of diseases of the esophagus and present potential therapeutic approaches.

Yang L, Chaudhary N, Baghdadi J, Pei Z. Microbiome in reflux disorders and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Cancer J. 2014;20(3):207–10. https://doi.org/10.1097/PPO.0000000000000044.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

May M, Abrams JA. Emerging insights into the esophageal microbiome. Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol. 2018;16:72–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11938-018-0171-5.CrossRefPubMed

Di Pilato V, Freschi G, Ringressi MN, Pallecchi L, Rossolini GM, Bechi P. The esophageal microbiota in health and disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2016;1381(1):21–33. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13127.CrossRefPubMed

Pei Z, Bini EJ, Yang L, Zhou M, Francois F, Blaser MJ. Bacterial biota in the human distal esophagus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004;101(12):4250–5. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0306398101.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

•• Yang L, Lu X, Nossa CW, Francois F, Peek RM, Pei Z. Inflammation and intestinal metaplasia of the distal esophagus are associated with alterations in the microbiome. Gastroenterology. 2009;137(2):588–97. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2009.04.046. Published prior to 2011, but was a significant study outlining changes present in esophageal microbiome in normal patients and reflux disorders. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Norder Grusell E, Dahlen G, Ruth M, Ny L, Quiding-Jarbrink M, Bergquist H, et al. Bacterial flora of the human oral cavity, and the upper and lower esophagus. Dis Esophagus. 2013;26(1):84–90. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2050.2012.01328.x.CrossRefPubMed

Baghdadi J, Chaudhary N, Pei Z, Yang L. Microbiome, innate immunity, and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Clin Lab Med. 2014;34(4):721–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cll.2014.08.001.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Fillon SA, Harris JK, Wagner BD, Kelly CJ, Stevens MJ, Moore W, et al. Novel device to sample the esophageal microbiome—the esophageal string test. PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e42938. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0042938.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Macfarlane S, Furrie E, Macfarlane GT, Dillon JF. Microbial colonization of the upper gastrointestinal tract in patients with Barrett's esophagus. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;45(1):29–38. https://doi.org/10.1086/518578.CrossRefPubMed

10.

Pei Z, Yang L, Peek RM Jr, Levine SM, Pride DT, Blaser MJ. Bacterial biota in reflux esophagitis and Barrett’s esophagus. World J Gastroenterol. 2005;11(46):7277–83.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

11.

Liu N, Ando T, Ishiguro K, Maeda O, Watanabe O, Funasaka K, et al. Characterization of bacterial biota in the distal esophagus of Japanese patients with reflux esophagitis and Barrett’s esophagus. BMC Infect Dis. 2013;13:130. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-13-130.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

12.

Blackett KL, Siddhi SS, Cleary S, Steed H, Miller MH, Macfarlane S, et al. Oesophageal bacterial biofilm changes in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, Barrett’s and oesophageal carcinoma: association or causality? Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2013;37(11):1084–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.12317.CrossRefPubMed

13.

Amir I, Konikoff FM, Oppenheim M, Gophna U, Half EE. Gastric microbiota is altered in oesophagitis and Barrett’s oesophagus and further modified by proton pump inhibitors. Environ Microbiol. 2014;16(9):2905–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12285.CrossRefPubMed

14.

Abrams JA. The microbiome as a potential biomarker for oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;2(1):4–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-1253(16)30177-7.CrossRefPubMed

15.

Narikiyo M, Tanabe C, Yamada Y, Igaki H, Tachimori Y, Kato H, et al. Frequent and preferential infection of Treponema denticola, Streptococcus mitis, and Streptococcus anginosus in esophageal cancers. Cancer Sci. 2004;95(7):569–74.CrossRefPubMed

16.

Elliott DRF, Walker AW, O'Donovan M, Parkhill J, Fitzgerald RC. A non-endoscopic device to sample the oesophageal microbiota: a case-control study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;2(1):32–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(16)30086-3.CrossRefPubMed

17.

Yu G, Gail MH, Shi J, Klepac-Ceraj V, Paster BJ, Dye BA, et al. Association between upper digestive tract microbiota and cancer-predisposing states in the esophagus and stomach. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev. 2014;23(5):735–41. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0855.CrossRef

18.

Snider EJ, Freedberg DE, Abrams JA. Potential role of the microbiome in Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Dig Dis Sci. 2016;61(8):2217–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-016-4155-9.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

19.

Hingorani KS, Gierasch LM. How bacteria survive an acid trip. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110(14):5279–80. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1303297110.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

20.

Zhang G, Meredith TC, Kahne D. On the essentiality of lipopolysaccharide to Gram-negative bacteria. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2013;16(6):779–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2013.09.007.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

21.

Yang L, Francois F, Pei Z. Molecular pathways: pathogenesis and clinical implications of microbiome alteration in esophagitis and Barrett esophagus. Clin Cancer Res. 2012;18(8):2138–44. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-0934.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

22.

Dellon ES. The esophageal microbiome in eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 2016;151(2):364–5. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2016.06.026.CrossRefPubMed

23.

•• Harris JK, Fang R, Wagner BD, Choe HN, Kelly CJ, Schroeder S, et al. Esophageal microbiome in eosinophilic esophagitis. PLoS One. 2015;10(5):e0128346. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128346. Outlined use of novel technique (esophageal string test) as a possible minimally invasive technique to evaluate esophageal microbiome in adults and children with EoE. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

24.

•• Benitez AJ, Hoffmann C, Muir AB, Dods KK, Spergel JM, Bushman FD, et al. Inflammation-associated microbiota in pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis. Microbiome. 2015;3(23):23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-015-0085-6. Evaluated changes in esophageal microbiome in healthy controls and pediatric EoE patients. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

25.

Pajecki D, Zilberstein B, Cecconello I, Dos Santos MA, Yagi OK, Gama-Rodrigues JJ. Larger amounts of nitrite and nitrate-reducing bacteria in megaesophagus of Chagas’ disease than in controls. J Gastrointest Surg. 2007;11(2):199–203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-006-0066-y.CrossRefPubMed

26.

Pajecki D, Zilberstein B, dos Santos MA, Ubriaco JA, Quintanilha AG, Cecconello I, et al. Megaesophagus microbiota: a qualitative and quantitative analysis. J Gastrointest Surg. 2002;6(5):723–9.CrossRefPubMed

27.

Pressman A, Etiology BJ. Pathogenesis of idiopathic achalasia. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2017;51(3):195–202. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCG.0000000000000780.PubMedCrossRef

28.

Freedberg DE, Lebwohl B, Abrams JA. The impact of proton pump inhibitors on the human gastrointestinal microbiome. Clin Lab Med. 2014;34(4):771–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cll.2014.08.008.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

29.

Nobel YR, Snider EJ, Compres G, Freedberg DE, Toussaint NC, Abrams JA. Dietary fiber intake is associated with a significantly altered human esophageal microbiome. Gastroenterology. 2017;152(5):S632. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5085(17)32241-2.CrossRef

Titel: The Esophageal Microbiome in Health and Disease
verfasst von: Brooke Corning
Andrew P. Copland
Jeanetta W. Frye
Publikationsdatum: 01.08.2018
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Current Gastroenterology Reports / Ausgabe 8/2018
Print ISSN: 1522-8037
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-312X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11894-018-0642-9

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

^{Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag}

Kostenlos registrieren

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen

Live-Webinar "Urologie und Sexualmedizin in der Praxis"

Springer Medizin

The Esophageal Microbiome in Health and Disease

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent Findings

Summary

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

Bei seelischem Stress sind Checkpoint-Hemmer weniger wirksam

Antikörper mobilisiert Neutrophile gegen Krebs

Erhebliches Risiko für Kehlkopfkrebs bei mäßiger Dysplasie

Nach Herzinfarkt mit Typ-1-Diabetes schlechtere Karten als mit Typ 2?

Update Innere Medizin

Live-Webinar "Urologie und Sexualmedizin in der Praxis"

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent Findings

Summary

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 8/2018

De-escalation of Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Diagnosis, Natural History and Treatment of Eosinophilic Enteritis: a Review

Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia Pathogenesis and the Link to the Metabolic Syndrome

The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge of Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

Bei seelischem Stress sind Checkpoint-Hemmer weniger wirksam

Antikörper mobilisiert Neutrophile gegen Krebs

Erhebliches Risiko für Kehlkopfkrebs bei mäßiger Dysplasie

Nach Herzinfarkt mit Typ-1-Diabetes schlechtere Karten als mit Typ 2?

Update Innere Medizin