Introduction
Study objective
Material
Control group
Study group
Method
Results
Analysis of data from medical history and physical examination
Control group
Study group
Analysis of the results of hearing examinations
Analysis of the results of tone threshold audiometry
Tone threshold audiometry, left ear | Test group | Control group |
p
|
---|---|---|---|
N = 63 | N = 32 | ||
250 Hz | |||
M ± SD | 18.9 ± 10.3 | 15.0 ± 5.7 | 0.056 |
Me (Q1; Q3) | 20 (10; 20) | 13 (10; 20) | |
500 Hz | |||
M ± SD | 20.5 ± 9.8 | 17.0 ± 5.8 | 0.066 |
Me (Q1; Q3) | 20 (15; 20) | 18 (10; 20) | |
1000 Hz | |||
M ± SD | 21.7 ± 10.1 | 18.6 ± 6.4 | 0.072 |
Me (Q1; Q3) | 20 (20; 20) | 20 (15; 20) | |
2000 Hz | |||
M ± SD | 26.4 ± 14.6 | 19.7 ± 6.8 |
0.013
|
Me (Q1; Q3) | 20 (20; 30) | 20 (18; 20) | |
4000 Hz | |||
M ± SD | 31.6 ± 17.3 | 23.0 ± 11.5 |
0.006
|
Me (Q1; Q3) | 30 (20; 40) | 20 (15; 30) | |
6000 Hz | |||
M ± SD | 36.3 ± 19.8 | 24.5 ± 12.2 |
0.003
|
Me (Q1; Q3) | 35 (20; 50) | 20 (15; 35) | |
8000 Hz | |||
M ± SD | 38.9 ± 21.4 | 28.1 ± 15.3 |
0.016
|
Me (Q1; Q3) | 40 (20; 60) | 20 (18; 40) |
Tone threshold audiometry, right ear | Test group | Control group | B vs. K
p
|
---|---|---|---|
N = 63 | N = 32 | ||
250 Hz | |||
M ± SD | 20.3 ± 11.4 | 12.5 ± 4.4 | < 0.001 |
Me (Q1; Q3) | 20 (20; 20) | 10 (10; 15) | |
500 Hz | |||
M ± SD | 20.0 ± 6.3 | 14.4 ± 5.5 | < 0.001 |
Me (Q1; Q3) | 20 (20; 20) | 10 (10; 20) | |
1000 Hz | |||
M ± SD | 21.4 ± 6.8 | 15.8 ± 5.4 | < 0.001 |
Me (Q1; Q3) | 20 (20; 20) | 18 (10; 20) | |
2000 Hz | |||
M ± SD | 26.1 ± 12.1 | 18.0 ± 6.8 | < 0.001 |
Me (Q1; Q3) | 20 (20; 30) | 20 (10; 20) | |
4000 Hz | |||
M ± SD | 31.7 ± 17.8 | 21.9 ± 8.5 |
0.006
|
Me (Q1; Q3) | 20 (20; 40) | 20 (20; 30) | |
6000 Hz | |||
M ± SD | 36.9 ± 19.5 | 26.1 ± 12.2 |
0.007
|
Me (Q1; Q3) | 30 (20; 50) | 20 (20; 35) | |
8000 Hz | |||
M ± SD | 40.3 ± 22.6 | 28.1 ± 12.3 |
0.017
|
Me (Q1; Q3) | 40 (20; 50) | 30 (20; 40) |
Analysis of the results of tympanometry with the examination of the stapedius muscle reflex
Stapedius reflex ipsilateral | Total N = 95 | Test group N = 63 | Control group N = 32 | B vs. K
p
| |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n
| % |
n
| % |
N
| % | ||
500 Hz—left ear (L) | 72 | 75.8 | 43 | 68.3 | 29 | 90.6 |
0.022
|
500 Hz—right ear (R) | 71 | 74.7 | 47 | 74.6 | 24 | 75.0 | 0.835 |
L vs. R | p = 0.861 | p = 0.435 | p = 0.103 | × | |||
1000 Hz—L | 70 | 73.7 | 40 | 63.5 | 30 | 93.8 |
0.001
|
1000 Hz—R | 76 | 80.0 | 50 | 79.4 | 26 | 81.3 | 0.957 |
L vs. R | p = 0.305 | p = 0.050 | p = 0.135 | × | |||
2000 Hz—L | 70 | 73.7 | 40 | 63.5 | 30 | 93.8 |
0.001
|
2000 Hz—R | 67 | 70.5 | 45 | 71.4 | 22 | 68.8 | 0.974 |
L vs. R | p = 0.624 | p = 0.346 | p = 0.013 | × | |||
4000 Hz—L | 64 | 67.4 | 37 | 58.7 | 27 | 84.4 |
0.012
|
4000 Hz—R | 61 | 64.2 | 37 | 58.7 | 24 | 75.0 | 0.181 |
L vs. R | p = 0.642 | p = 1.000 | p = 0.332 | × |
Stapedius reflex contralateral | Razem N = 95 | Grupa badana N = 63 | Grupa kontrolna N = 32 | B vs. K
p
| |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n
| % |
n
| % |
N
| % | ||
500 Hz—L | 71 | 74.7 | 44 | 69.8 | 27 | 84.4 | 0.142 |
500 Hz—R | 69 | 72.6 | 43 | 68.3 | 26 | 81.3 | 0.272 |
L vs. R | p = 0.743 | p = 0.856 | p = 0.743 | × | |||
1000 Hz—L | 71 | 74.7 | 44 | 69.8 | 27 | 84.4 | 0.142 |
1000 Hz—R | 65 | 68.4 | 39 | 61.9 | 26 | 81.3 | 0.092 |
L vs. R | p = 0.337 | p = 0.352 | p = 0.743 | × | |||
2000 Hz—L | 61 | 64.2 | 37 | 58.7 | 24 | 75.0 | 0.181 |
2000 Hz—R | 62 | 65.3 | 36 | 57.1 | 26 | 81.3 |
0.035
|
L vs. R | p = 0.874 | p = 0.856 | p = 0.544 | × | |||
4000 Hz—L | 47 | 49.5 | 29 | 46.0 | 18 | 56.3 | 0.469 |
4000 Hz—R | 47 | 49.5 | 25 | 39.7 | 22 | 68.8 |
0.014
|
L vs. R | p = 1.000 | p = 0.476 | p = 0.306 | × |
Analysis of the results of brainstem auditory evoked potentials
BAEP | Test group | Control group |
p
|
---|---|---|---|
N = 63 | N = 32 | ||
I [ms] | |||
M ± SD | 1.92 ± 0.14 | 1.85 ± 0.05 | < 0.001 |
Me (Q1; Q3) | 1.93 (1.87; 1.98) | 1.86 (1.82; 1.88) | |
III [ms] | |||
M ± SD | 4.35 ± 0.25 | 4.19 ± 0.10 | < 0.001 |
Me (Q1; Q3) | 4.31 (4.20; 4.50) | 4.18 (4.12; 4.25) | |
V [ms] | |||
M ± SD | 5.90 ± 0.24 | 6.00 ± 0.10 |
0.023
|
Me (Q1; Q3) | 5.91 (5.72; 6.02) | 5.99 (5.94; 6.04) | |
I–III | |||
M ± SD | 2.44 ± 0.21 | 2.34 ± 0.09 |
0.0002
|
Me (Q1; Q3) | 2.43 (2.34; 2.52) | 2.35 (2.27; 2.40) | |
I–V | |||
M ± SD | 4.00 ± 0.21 | 4.14 ± 0.08 | < 0.001 |
Me (Q1; Q3) | 4.01 (3.82; 4.13) | 4.14 (4.09; 4.18) | |
III–V | |||
M ± SD | 1.56 ± 0.19 | 1.80 ± 0.08 | < 0.001 |
Me (Q1; Q3) | 1.54 (1.41; 1.73) | 1.81 (1.76; 1.85) |
BAEP | Test group | Control group | p |
---|---|---|---|
N = 63 | N = 32 | ||
I [ms] | |||
M ± SD | 1.91 ± 0.12 | 1.86 ± 0.06 |
0.003
|
Me (Q1; Q3) | 1.91 (1.85; 1.98) | 1.86 (1.84; 1.89) | |
III [ms] | |||
M ± SD | 4.36 ± 0.26 | 4.22 ± 0.16 |
0.003
|
Me (Q1; Q3) | 4.35 (4.18; 4.51) | 4.20 (4.14; 4.25) | |
V [ms] | |||
M ± SD | 5.92 ± 0.26 | 5.98 ± 0.09 |
0.023
|
Me (Q1; Q3) | 5.89 (5.72; 6.06) | 5.96 (5.94; 6.00) | |
I–III | |||
M ± SD | 2.45 ± 0.23 | 2.37 ± 0.17 |
0.008
|
Me (Q1; Q3) | 2.46 (2.34; 2.63) | 2.32 (2.28; 2.40) | |
I–V | |||
M ± SD | 3.96 ± 0.45 | 4.13 ± 0.09 | < 0.001 |
Me (Q1; Q3) | 3.97 (3.80; 4.15) | 4.12 (4.08; 4.16) | |
III–V | |||
M ± SD | 1.56 ± 0.24 | 1.76 ± 0.16 | < 0.001 |
Me (Q1; Q3) | 1.53 (1.40; 1.71) | 1.79 (1.72; 1.84) |
Test group N = 63 | Control group N = 32 |
p
| |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N
| % |
N
| % | ||
Left ear I latency | |||||
< 1.9 ms | 27 | 42.9 | 27 | 84.4 | < 0.001 |
≥ 1.9 ms | 36 | 57.1 | 5 | 15.6 | |
Left ear V latency | |||||
< 6.2 ms | 58 | 92.1 | 31 | 96.9 | 0.660 |
≥ 6.2 ms | 5 | 7.9 | 1 | 3.1 | |
Left ear I–III interpeak latency | |||||
< 2.6 ms | 52 | 82.5 | 31 | 96.9 | 0.055 |
≥ 2.6 ms | 11 | 17.5 | 1 | 3.1 | |
Left ear III–V Interpeak latency | |||||
< 2.4 ms | 63 | 100.0 | 32 | 100.0 | 1.000 |
≥ 2.4 ms | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Left ear I–V interpeak latency | |||||
< 4.6 ms | 63 | 100.0 | 32 | 100.0 | 1.000 |
≥ 4.6 ms | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Right ear I latency | |||||
< 1.9 ms | 29 | 46.0 | 27 | 84.4 | < 0.001 |
≥ 1.9 ms | 34 | 54.0 | 5 | 15.6 | |
Right ear V latency | |||||
< 6.2 ms | 55 | 87.3 | 31 | 96.9 | 0.265 |
≥ 6.2 ms | 8 | 12.7 | 1 | 3.1 | |
Right ear I–III interpeak latency | |||||
< 2.6 ms | 46 | 73.0 | 29 | 90.6 | 0.062 |
≥ 2.6 ms | 17 | 27.0 | 3 | 9.4 | |
Right ear III–V interpeak latency | |||||
< 2.4 ms | 63 | 100.0 | 32 | 100.0 | 1.000 |
≥ 2.4 ms | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Right ear I–V interpeak latency | |||||
< 4.6 ms | 61 | 96.8 | 32 | 100.0 | 0.548 |
≥ 4.6 ms | 2 | 3.2 | 0 | 0.0 |