Background
Methods and materials
Study population and clinical characteristics
Statistical analysis
Results
Demographic characteristics
Characteristics | 2021 | 2022 | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Demographics | |||
Gender (Male/Female) | 57/38 | 65/37 | 0.591 |
Age (Mean), years | 65 | 67 | 0.45 |
BMI (Mean) | 24 | 23 | 0.63 |
DBP(M ± SD), mmHg | 76.22 ± 9.26 | 75.75 ± 17.74 | 0.09 |
DVT attributes | |||
Type of DVT | |||
Unilateral distal Unilateral proximal Bilateral distal Bilateral proximal | 36(37.9%) 26(27.4%) 23(24.2%) 10(10.5%) | 43(42.2%) 25(24.5%) 25(24.5%) 9(8.8%) | 0.528 |
Risk grade of DVT | |||
0 grade 1 grade 2 grade | 4(4.2%) 57(60%) 34(35.8%) | 3(2.9%) 53(52%) 46(45.1%) | 0.398 |
PE | |||
None Periphery Central | 59(62.1%) 7(7.4%) 29(30.5%) | 60(58.8%) 8(7.8%) 34(33.4%) | 0.894 |
Median follow up (Range), days | 124 (96–421) | 116.5 (91–446) | < 0.0001 |
Hemorrhage events | |||
None Minor Major | 79 15 1 | 91 10 1 | 0.199 |
Therapeutic outcomes | |||
Stable condition Remission Aggravation | 23(24.2%) 53(55.8%) 19(20%) | 33(32.3%) 34(33.3%) 35(34.3%) | 0.005 |
Clinical characteristics | |||
Diagnosis | 0.319 | ||
Advanced lung cancer (SCC/adenocarcinoma/SCLC) | 10/33/4 | 10/34/5 | |
Postoperative | 10 | 11 | |
Benign lung diseases (None/Interstitial lung disease/Tuberculosis/ COPD/Pneumonia/Bronchiectasis/PAH) | 2/4/8/3/13/6/2 | 7/5/5/10/5/6/4 | |
Ongoing treatment | 0.197 | ||
Antitumor | 47(49.5%) | 57(55.9%) | |
HREZ anti-infection hemostasis None | 8(8.4%) 23(24.2%) 4(4.2%) 13(13.7%) | 5(4.9%) 14(13.7%) 5(4.9%) 21(20.6%) | |
Time from active ongoing treatment to DVT confirmed, months (< 6/6–12/>12) | 83/9/3 | 83/7/12 | 0.067 |
COVID-19(None/Previously diagnosed within 6 months) | 88/7 | 43/59 | < 0.001 |
Relevant blood biochemistry tests | |||
RBC (< 4.3*1012/L / >4.3*1012/L) | 56/39 | 60/42 | 1 |
WBC (< 9.5*1012/L / >9.5*1012/L) | 72/23 | 79/23 | 0.867 |
PLT (< 125*109/L / >125*109/L) | 8/87 | 22/80 | 0.016 |
ALT (< 49IU/L / >49IU/L) | 81/14 | 92/10 | 0.29 |
CRE (< 97umol/L / >97umol/L) | 91/4 | 93/9 | 0.2 |
D-dimer level ( Decreased / Increased ) | 66/29 | 67/35 | 0.571 |
PT (< 11s / >11s) | 18/77 | 27/75 | 0.237 |
Assessment of risk factors associated with DVT
Comparison of DVT aggravation between COVID-19 group and control group in the unmatched and matched cohorts
Characteristics | Unmatched cohort(n = 197) | 1:2 Propensity score matching (n = 177) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
COVID-19 (n = 69) | Contral (n = 128) | P value | COVID-19 (n = 65) | Contral (n = 112) | P value | ||
Demographics | |||||||
Gender (Male/Female) | 40/29 | 82/46 | 0.401 | 39/26 | 71/41 | 0.654 | |
Age (Mean), years | 66 | 66 | 0.619 | 66 | 66 | 0.491 | |
BMI (Mean) | 22 | 23 | 0.353 | 23 | 24 | 0.08 | |
DBP(M ± SD), mmHg | 74.71 ± 18.33 | 76.69 ± 11.52 | 0.135 | 78 ± 9.09 | 76.73 ± 12.06 | 0.356 | |
DVT attributes | |||||||
Type of DVT (Unilateral distal/Unilateral proximal/Bilateral distal/Bilateral proximal ) | 28/15/18/8 | 51/36/30/11 | 0.739 | 26/15/18/6 | 42/32/28/10 | 0.884 | |
Risk stratification of DVT (None/Low/High) | 4/33/32 | 3/77/48 | 0.166 | 1/33/31 | 1/63/48 | 0.743 | |
PE (None/Periphery/Central) | 44/23/2 | 74/41/13 | 0.184 | 42/21/2 | 65/34/13 | 0.144 | |
Mean follow up (Range), days | 148.16 (91–484) | 176.02(91–487) | 0.002 | 149(91–484) | 174.9(56–487) | 0.004 | |
Anticoagulant therapy (3 months/ Extended period) | 45/24 | 78/50 | 0.554 | 42/23 | 69/43 | 0.69 | |
Therapeutic outcomes (Stable condition/Remission/Aggravation) | 24/14/31 | 32/73/23 | < 0.001 | 23/13/29 | 28/64/20 | < 0.001 | |
Clinical diagnosis | 0.235 | 0.34 | |||||
Advanced lung cancer (SCC/adenocarcinoma/SCLC) | 5/27/5 | 15/38/4 | 5/27/4 | 5/36/4 | |||
Postoperative | 8 | 16 | 8 | 16 | |||
Benign lung diseases (None/Interstitial lung disease/Tuberculosis/ COPD/Pneumonia/Bronchiectasis/PAH) | 4/2/3/7/2/3/3 | 5/7/10/6/15/9/3 | 2/2/3/7/2/2/3 | 5/6/9/6/14/8/3 | |||
Time from active ongoing treatment to DVT confirmed, months (< 6/6–12/>12) | 54/5/10 | 112/10/6 | 0.056 | 48/7/10 | 96/10/6 | 0.066 | |
Relevant blood biochemistry tests | |||||||
RBC (< 4.3*1012/L / >4.3*1012/L) | 37/32 | 78/50 | 0.364 | 34/31 | 72/40 | 0.152 | |
WBC (< 9.5*1012/L / >9.5*1012/L) | 58/11 | 95/33 | 0.153 | 52/13 | 79/33 | 0.214 | |
PLT (< 125*109/L / >125*109/L) | 11/58 | 19/109 | 0.838 | 8/57 | 18/94 | 0.66 | |
D-dimer level (Decreased / Increased) | 43/26 | 90/38 | 0.253 | 41/24 | 73/29 | 0.778 | |
PT (< 11s / >11s) | 13/56 | 21/107 | 0.695 | 11/54 | 17/95 | 0.832 |