Background
Purpose of this study
SEM
a
|
TTI
b
Environment level
(Stakeholders, Special interest groups, Policy makers) | Factors that influence behaviour as applied in the interview guides of the current study |
Organizational
(Stakeholders) - Social institutions with organizational characteristics, and formal/informal rules and regulations for operation. |
Ultimate
Aspects of women’s immediate surroundings, neighbourhoods, social institutions, and culture that, although beyond the personal control of women, put them at risk | • availability of servicesc • employment ratesc • inadequate schoolsc • media depictionsc • (worksite) policies that vaccination and screeningd |
Community
(Special interest groups) - Relationships among organisations, institutions and informal networks within defined boundaries. |
Distal
Values and behaviours of women that contribute to their attitudes toward screening and vaccination | • information opportunities (media and advertisements) • interaction with social institutions (conducting campaigns) • knowledgec • stigma, values and evaluations (religious beliefs, cultural norms, barriers/uptake, priority, prevalence) |
Public policy
(Policy makers) - Local, state, and national laws and policies |
Proximal
Beliefs and evaluations about the benefits of cervical cancer prevention | • age recommendations of screening and vaccination • possibility of self-screening and cost • possibility of vaccinating girls and boys |
Methods
Study design, site and population
Group | Location | Targeta | Method |
---|---|---|---|
Stakeholders | Chilenje, Kanyama & other areas in Lusaka | Health care providers (UTH, CDH, Kanyama and Chilenje Clinics) | Interviews (N = 17) |
Chilenje & Kanyama | Head teachers (schools) | Interviews (N = 13) | |
Chilenje & Kanyama | Religious leaders (churches) | Interviews (N = 7) | |
Special Interest groups | Other areas in Lusaka | Non-governmental organizations, advocacy groups (CIDRZ/ACEWCC, DDMU, INESOR, MUVI TV, PCI, PPAZ, Q TV/Radio, THPAZ, WHO, Zambia Daily Mail, ZICTA, ZNBC) | Interviews (N = 20) |
Policy makers | Other areas in Lusaka | Government officials (DEB, MCDMCH, MoH) | Interviews (N = 4) |