Background
Methods
Data sources
Statistical Analysis
Results
Demographic and clinical data
TOP-diagnosis (DSM-IV) | SCZ (n = 537) | DEL (n = 48) | SCA (n = 118) | BIP (n = 408) | test (p-value)a
| ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% men | 63.5 | 64.6 | 35.6 | 40.0 | .0001b
| ||||
Age (mean, SD) | 30.3 | 9.4 | 35.4 | 9.8 | 32.3 | 11.2 | 34.5 | 12.1 | .0001c
|
Median | IQR | Median | IQR | Median | IQR | Median | IQR | ||
Months of NPR data pre TOP | 2 | 0–21 | 10 | 0–40 | 2 | 0–21 | 0 | 0–17 | .0935 |
Months of NPR post TOP | 69 | 49–39 | 61 | 31–74 | 66 | 37–99 | 71 | 54–96 | .0365d
|
Any mental disorder (ICD-10 F00–99) | 52 | 21–106 | 27 | 10–79 | 46 | 16–90 | 26 | 5–61 | .0001e
|
Severe mental disorder (ICD-10 F20–F31, F32.3, F33.3) | 45 | 13–97 | 16 | 4–45 | 37 | 10–76 | 14 | 1–45 | .0001f
|
Hospitalizations | 3 | 1–7 | 1 | 0–3 | 4 | 1–9 | 2 | 0–5 | .0001g
|
Outpatient visits | 72 | 34–137 | 48 | 28–90 | 74 | 32–115 | 43 | 16–84 | .0001h
|
Bed-days | 87 | 2–330 | 11 | 0–91 | 61 | 4–257 | 10 | 0–79 | .0001i
|
Diagnostic agreement
TOP group | SCZ (n = 537) | DEL (n = 48) | SCA (n = 118) | BIP (n = 408) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NPR diagnoses
|
ICD-10-codes
|
n
| % |
n
| % |
n
| % |
n
| % |
Schizophrenia | F20 | 452 | 84.2 | 9 | 18.8 | 40 | 33.9 | 10 | 2.5 |
Delusional disorder | F22 | 54 | 10.1 | 33 | 68.8 | 9 | 7.6 | 11 | 2.7 |
Schizoaffective disorder | F25 | 38 | 7.1 | 0 | 0 | 90 | 76.3 | 20 | 4.9 |
Bipolar disorder | F30–F31 | 25 | 4.7 | 5 | 10.4 | 24 | 20.3 | 320 | 78.4 |
TOP-group | Agreementa
| Kappa | Sensitivity | Specificity | PPV | NPV | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Est. | 95% CI | Est. | 95% CI | Est. | 95% CI | Est. | 95% CI | Est. | 95% CI | Est. | 95% CI | ||
SCZ | All | .87 | .85–.89 | .74 | .68–.80 | .84 | .81–.87 | .90 | .87–.92 | .88 | .86–.91 | .86 | .83–.89 |
Men | .85 | .82–.88 | .69 | .61–.77 | .84 | .81–.88 | .86 | .81–.90 | .89 | .86–.93 | .79 | .74–.84 | |
Women | .89 | .87–.92 | .77 | .68–.85 | .84 | .78–.89 | .93 | .90–.95 | .87 | .82–.92 | .91 | .88–.94 | |
Pre NPRb
| .88 | .85–.91 | .76 | .67–.84 | .85 | .81–.90 | .91 | .87–.94 | .89 | .85–.93 | .87 | .83–.91 | |
Post NPRc
| .86 | .83–.89 | .72 | .63–.81 | .83 | .79–.88 | .89 | .85–.93 | .88 | .84–.92 | .85 | .81–.89 | |
DEL | All | .92 | .90–.93 | .39 | .34–.44 | .69 | .55–.82 | .93 | .92–.95 | .31 | .22–.40 | .99 | .98–.99 |
Men | .90 | .88–.92 | .35 | .27–.42 | .61 | .43–.79 | .92 | .89–.94 | .29 | .18–.41 | .98 | .96–.99 | |
Women | .94 | .92–.96 | .45 | .37–.53 | .82 | .62–1.0 | .95 | .93–.97 | .33 | .18–.48 | .99 | .99–1.0 | |
Pre NPRb
| .94 | .92–.96 | .32 | .24–.39 | .57 | .27–.87 | .95 | .93–.97 | .24 | .09–.40 | .99 | .98–1.0 | |
Post NPRc
| .90 | .88–.93 | .42 | .34–.49 | .74 | .58–.89 | .91 | .89–.93 | .34 | .23–.45 | .98 | .97–.99 | |
SCA | Total | .92 | .91–.94 | .63 | .57–.69 | .76 | .68–.84 | .94 | .93–.96 | .61 | .53–.69 | .97 | .96–.98 |
Men | .93 | .91–.95 | .55 | .47–.63 | .69 | .54–.84 | .95 | .93–.97 | .51 | .38–.64 | .98 | .96–.99 | |
women | .92 | .89–.94 | .68 | .60–.77 | .80 | .71–.89 | .93 | .91–.96 | .67 | .57–.77 | .97 | .95–.98 | |
Pre NPRb
| .91 | .89–.94 | .59 | .51–.68 | .73 | .61–.85 | .93 | .91–.96 | .57 | .45–.69 | .97 | .95–.98 | |
Post NPRc
| .93 | .91–.95 | .67 | .59–.75 | .79 | .69–.90 | .95 | .93–.97 | .64 | .53–.75 | .97 | .96–.99 | |
BIP | Total | .87 | .85–.89 | .72 | .66–.78 | .78 | .74–.82 | .92 | .90–.94 | .86 | .82–.89 | .88 | .86–.90 |
Men | .90 | .87–.92 | .74 | .66–.82 | .78 | .71–.84 | .94 | .92–.96 | .84 | .78–.90 | .92 | .89–.94 | |
women | .85 | .82–.88 | .69 | .60–.77 | .79 | .73–.84 | .90 | .86–.93 | .87 | .82–.91 | .83 | .79–.87 | |
Pre NPRb
| .86 | .83–.89 | .68 | .60–.77 | .72 | .66–.78 | .94 | .91–.96 | .88 | .83–.93 | .84 | .81–.88 | |
Post NPRc
| .89 | .86–.91 | .76 | .67–.84 | .85 | .80–.90 | .91 | .88–.94 | .84 | .78–.89 | .92 | .89–.95 |
Diagnostic agreement across gender and time of recruitment
Diagnostic consistency
TOP group | SCZ (n = 537) | DEL (n = 48) | SCA (n = 118) | BIP (n = 408) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NPR diagnoses
|
ICD-10 codes
|
n
| % |
n
| % |
n
| % |
n
| % |
Severe mental disorder | F20-F31, F32.3, F33.3 | 36,544 | 100 | 1661 | 100 | 6322 | 100 | 13,238 | 100 |
Schizophrenia | F20 | 31,040 | 84.9 | 523 | 31.5 | 1040 | 16.5 | 174 | 1.3 |
Delusional disorder | F22 | 1123 | 3.1 | 982 | 59.1 | 186 | 2.9 | 146 | 1.1 |
Schizoaffective disorder | F25 | 1509 | 4.1 | 0 | 0 | 4168 | 65.9 | 543 | 4.1 |
Bipolar disorder | F30–F31 | 599 | 1.6 | 66 | 4.0 | 695 | 11.0 | 12,044 | 91.0 |
SCZ | DEL | SCA | BIP | |
---|---|---|---|---|
All patients (n = 1111) | 84.9 | 59.1 | 65.9 | 91.0 |
Men (n = 577) | 87.5 | 53.0 | 65.1 | 92.6 |
Women (n = 534) | 80.6 | 72.8 | 66.4 | 90.0 |
Patients included in TOP between 18.10.2002 and 31.12.2007 (n = 530) | 88.5 | 87.1 | 75.9 | 93.5 |
Patients included in TOP between 01.01.2008 and 01.09.2014 (n = 581) | 81.2 | 52.3 | 56.2 | 89.4 |