Background
Methods
First Primary Cancers | Second Primary Cancers | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Number of cases | % | Number of cases | % | |
Total | 204,962 | 100.0 | 23,580 | 100.0 |
Sex
| ||||
Males | 110,961 | 54.1 | 14,388 | 61.0 |
Females | 94,001 | 45.9 | 9,192 | 39.0 |
Age at first diagnosis
| ||||
15-49 years | 41,690 | 20.3 | 3,150 | 13.4 |
50-64 years | 60,573 | 29.6 | 7,687 | 32.6 |
65 years and over | 102,699 | 50.1 | 12,743 | 54.0 |
Period of first diagnosis
| ||||
1982-1986 | 36,216 | 17.7 | 4,716 | 20.0 |
1987-1991 | 43,904 | 21.4 | 5,841 | 24.8 |
1992-1996 | 57,381 | 28.0 | 6,972 | 29.6 |
1997-2001 | 67,461 | 32.9 | 6,051 | 25.7 |
Follow-up interval
| ||||
2 months to less than 1 year | n.a. | 2,511 | 10.6 | |
1 year to less than 5 years | n.a. | 8,924 | 37.8 | |
5 years to less than 10 years | n.a. | 7,286 | 30.9 | |
10 years or longer | n.a. | 4,859 | 20.6 | |
Type of first primary cancer
| ||||
Head and neck (C00-C14,C30-C32) | 10,942 | 5.3 | 1,989 | 8.4 |
Oesophagus (C15) | 2,075 | 1.0 | 105 | 0.4 |
Stomach (C16) | 4,103 | 2.0 | 206 | 0.9 |
Colorectal (C18-C20,C218) | 27,814 | 13.6 | 3,046 | 12.9 |
Pancreas (C25) | 2,817 | 1.4 | 49 | 0.2 |
Lung (C33-C34) | 17,347 | 8.5 | 729 | 3.1 |
Melanoma (C44,M872-M879) | 29,289 | 14.3 | 5,092 | 21.6 |
Breast - female (C50) | 26,725 | 13.0 | 2,962 | 12.6 |
Cervix (C53) | 3,492 | 1.7 | 300 | 1.3 |
Uterus (C54) | 3,527 | 1.7 | 409 | 1.7 |
Ovary (C56) | 2,864 | 1.4 | 164 | 0.7 |
Prostate (C61) | 23,122 | 11.3 | 3,006 | 12.7 |
Kidney (C64-C66,C68) | 4,927 | 2.4 | 655 | 2.8 |
Bladder (C67) | 8,719 | 4.3 | 1,680 | 7.1 |
Brain & CNS (C70-C72) | 2,566 | 1.3 | 50 | 0.2 |
Thyroid (C73) | 2,302 | 1.1 | 215 | 0.9 |
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (M967-M972) | 6,618 | 3.2 | 689 | 2.9 |
Lymphoid leukaemia (M982-M983) | 2,645 | 1.3 | 422 | 1.8 |
Myeloid leukaemia (M984-M993) | 2,195 | 1.1 | 125 | 0.5 |
Myeloma/PCT (M973) | 2,174 | 1.1 | 134 | 0.6 |
Other | 18,699 | 9.1 | 1,553 | 6.6 |
Results
Relative risk of second primary cancers by sex
Sex | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Males | Females | |||
First primary cancer | Obs. | SIR (95% CI) | Obs. | SIR (95% CI) |
Head and neck | 1,620 |
1.70
(1.62-1.79)
| 369 |
1.84
(1.66-2.04)
|
Oesophagus | 78 |
1.43
(1.13-1.79)
| 27 | 1.06 (0.70-1.54) |
Stomach | 150 |
0.83
(0.70-0.98)
| 56 | 1.00 (0.75-1.30) |
Colorectal | 1,899 | 1.04 (0.99-1.08) | 1,147 |
1.08
(1.02-1.15)
|
Pancreas | 31 | 0.92 (0.63-1.31) | 18 | 0.85 (0.50-1.34) |
Lung | 552 |
1.18
(1.08-1.28)
| 177 |
1.41
(1.21-1.64)
|
Melanoma | 3,267 |
1.77
(1.71-1.83)
| 1,825 |
1.70
(1.62-1.78)
|
Breast - female | n.a. | n.a. | 2,962 |
1.31
(1.27-1.36)
|
Cervix | n.a. | n.a. | 300 |
1.36
(1.21-1.52)
|
Uterus | n.a. | n.a. | 409 |
1.16
(1.05-1.28)
|
Ovary | n.a. | n.a. | 164 | 1.12 (0.95-1.30) |
Prostate | 3,006 |
0.83
(0.80-0.86)
| n.a. | n.a. |
Kidney | 434 |
1.39
(1.27-1.53)
| 221 |
1.69
(1.47-1.93)
|
Bladder | 1,370 |
1.40
(1.33-1.48)
| 310 |
1.61
(1.43-1.79)
|
Brain & CNS | 31 | 1.05 (0.71-1.49) | 19 | 0.94 (0.57-1.47) |
Thyroid | 70 |
1.47
(1.15-1.86)
| 145 |
1.35
(1.14-1.59)
|
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 411 |
1.37
(1.24-1.51)
| 278 |
1.36
(1.20-1.53)
|
Lymphoid leukaemia | 297 |
1.66
(1.48-1.86)
| 125 |
1.40
(1.17-1.67)
|
Myeloid leukaemia | 87 |
1.44
(1.15-1.77)
| 38 |
1.25
(0.88-1.71)
|
Myeloma/PCT | 93 | 1.04 (0.84-1.27) | 41 | 0.89 (0.64-1.21) |
Other | 992 |
1.23
(1.16-1.31)
| 561 |
1.37
(1.26-1.49)
|
All cancers combined | 14,388 |
1.22
(1.20-1.24)
| 9,192 |
1.36
(1.33-1.39)
|
Relative risk of second primary cancers by age group at diagnosis
Age group at first diagnosis | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
15-49 years | 50-64 years | 65 years and over | ||||
First primary cancer | Obs. | SIR (95% CI) | Obs. | SIR (95% CI) | Obs. | SIR (95% CI) |
Head and neck | 223 |
2.07
(1.80-2.36)
| 884 |
2.20
(2.06-2.35)
| 882 |
1.77
(1.65-1.89)
|
Oesophagus | 6 |
4.00
(1.47-8.70)
| 39 |
1.70
(1.21-2.32)
| 60 | 1.16 (0.88-1.49) |
Stomach | 17 | 1.59 (0.93-2.55) | 60 | 1.04 (0.79-1.34) | 129 | 0.91 (0.76-1.08) |
Colorectal | 188 |
1.58
(1.36-1.82)
| 994 |
1.15
(1.08-1.22)
| 1,864 | 1.03 (0.99-1.08) |
Pancreas | -- | -- | 26 |
1.60
(1.05-2.35)
| 23 |
0.61
(0.39-0.92)
|
Lung | 52 |
2.46
(1.84-3.23)
| 270 |
1.55
(1.37-1.74)
| 407 |
1.24
(1.12-1.36)
|
Melanoma | 1,121 |
2.05
(1.94-2.18)
| 1,755 |
1.80
(1.72-1.89)
| 2,216 |
1.74
(1.67-1.81)
|
Breast - female | 689 |
1.86
(1.72-2.00)
| 1,047 |
1.29
(1.21-1.37)
| 1,226 |
1.15
(1.08-1.21)
|
Cervix | 129 |
1.33
(1.11-1.57)
| 94 |
1.49
(1.21-1.83)
| 77 |
1.27
(1.01-1.59)
|
Uterus | 47 |
1.63
(1.20-2.17)
| 164 | 1.07 (0.91-1.25) | 198 |
1.16
(1.00-1.33)
|
Ovary | 33 | 1.25 (0.86-1.76) | 64 | 1.12 (0.87-1.44) | 67 | 1.06 (0.82-1.34) |
Prostate | 7 | 0.81 (0.32-1.66) | 554 |
0.87
(0.80-0.95)
| 2,445 |
0.82
(0.79-0.85)
|
Kidney | 52 |
1.63
(1.22-2.14)
| 230 |
1.59
(1.39-1.81)
| 373 |
1.57
(1.42-1.74)
|
Bladder | 81 |
2.02
(1.60-2.51)
| 465 |
1.63
(1.49-1.79)
| 1,134 |
1.70
(1.60-1.80)
|
Brain & CNS | 27 |
1.64
(1.08-2.39)
| 15 | 0.94 (0.52-1.55) | 8 |
0.48
(0.21-0.95)
|
Thyroid | 65 | 1.22 (0.94-1.55) | 84 |
1.39
(1.11-1.72)
| 66 |
1.37
(1.06-1.74)
|
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 81 |
1.60
(1.27-1.99)
| 261 |
1.57
(1.39-1.77)
| 347 |
1.23
(1.10-1.36)
|
Lymphoid leukaemia | 27 |
2.68
(1.77-3.90)
| 131 |
1.69
(1.42-2.01)
| 264 |
1.57
(1.39-1.77)
|
Myeloid leukaemia | 22 |
2.23
(1.40-3.38)
| 33 | 1.39 (0.96-1.95) | 70 |
1.35
(1.05-1.70)
|
Myeloma/PCT | 8 | 1.40 (0.61-2.77) | 47 | 1.35 (0.99-1.79) | 79 | 0.89 (0.70-1.10) |
Other | 273 |
1.69
(1.49-1.90)
| 472 |
1.43
(1.30-1.56)
| 808 |
1.20
(1.12-1.29)
|
All cancers combined | 3,150 |
1.84
(1.77-1.90)
| 7,687 |
1.39
(1.36-1.42)
| 12,743 |
1.23
(1.20-1.25)
|
Relative risk of second primary cancers by time period of first diagnosis
Time period of first diagnosis | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1982-1986 | 1987-1991 | 1992-1996 | 1997-2001 | |||||
First primary cancer | Obs. | SIR (95% CI) | Obs. | SIR (95% CI) | Obs. | SIR (95% CI) | Obs. | SIR (95% CI) |
Head and neck | 165 |
1.92
(1.64-2.23)
| 204 |
1.88
(1.63-2.16)
| 271 |
1.98
(1.75-2.23)
| 255 |
1.93
(1.70-2.18)
|
Oesophagus | 8 | 1.53 (0.66-3.02) | 10 | 0.90 (0.43-1.66) | 23 |
1.60
(1.01-2.39)
| 23 | 1.19 (0.76-1.79) |
Stomach | 18 | 0.75 (0.44-1.18) | 27 | 1.02 (0.67-1.49) | 30 | 0.91 (0.62-1.31) | 36 | 1.09 (0.76-1.51) |
Colorectal | 198 | 0.89 (0.77-1.02) | 273 | 0.95 (0.84-1.07) | 411 | 1.07 (0.97-1.18) | 559 |
1.20
(1.11-1.31)
|
Pancreas | 7 | 1.20 (0.48-2.47) | 5 | 0.61 (0.20-1.42) | 10 | 0.98 (0.47-1.81) | 12 | 0.83 (0.43-1.45) |
Lung | 71 | 1.06 (0.83-1.34) | 93 | 1.14 (0.92-1.40) | 147 |
1.61
(1.36-1.89)
| 148 |
1.30
(1.10-1.53)
|
Melanoma | 311 |
1.81
(1.62-2.02)
| 471 |
1.89
(1.72-2.07)
| 639 |
2.04
(1.88-2.20)
| 835 |
2.02
(1.89-2.16)
|
Breast - female | 152 | 0.97 (0.82-1.14) | 199 | 0.94 (0.81-1.08) | 359 |
1.32
(1.19-1.47)
| 504 |
1.37
(1.25-1.50)
|
Cervix | 24 | 1.29 (0.83-1.92) | 38 |
1.88
(1.33-2.58)
| 34 |
1.64
(1.14-2.29)
| 26 |
1.55
(1.01-2.27)
|
Uterus | 30 | 1.14 (0.77-1.63) | 35 | 1.18 (0.82-1.64) | 35 | 0.87 (0.60-1.21) | 63 | 1.30 (0.99-1.66) |
Ovary | 16 | 1.36 (0.78-2.20) | 10 | 0.64 (0.31-1.18) | 26 | 1.35 (0.88-1.98) | 24 | 1.02 (0.66-1.52) |
Prostate | 163 |
0.64
(0.54-0.74)
| 291 |
0.76
(0.68-0.85)
| 603 |
0.84
(0.77-0.91)
| 655 | 0.95 (0.88-1.02) |
Kidney | 44 |
1.48
(1.08-1.99)
| 73 |
1.79
(1.40-2.25)
| 92 |
1.53
(1.24-1.88)
| 160 |
2.04
(1.74-2.38)
|
Bladder | 137 |
1.46
(1.22-1.72)
| 189 |
1.78
(1.53-2.05)
| 238 |
1.84
(1.61-2.09)
| 353 |
2.22
(2.00-2.47)
|
Brain & CNS | -- | -- | 5 | 1.00 (0.33-2.34) | -- | -- | 9 | 1.10 (0.50-2.09) |
Thyroid | 9 | 1.25 (0.57-2.38) | 12 | 1.25 (0.64-2.18) | 29 |
1.64
(1.10-2.36)
| 46 |
1.67
(1.22-2.23)
|
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 42 | 1.09 (0.79-1.48) | 62 | 1.15 (0.88-1.48) | 88 |
1.25
(1.00-1.54)
| 144 |
1.49
(1.25-1.75)
|
Lymphoid leukaemia | 24 | 1.00 (0.64-1.48) | 33 | 1.25 (0.86-1.75) | 63 |
1.68
(1.29-2.15)
| 88 |
1.71
(1.37-2.10)
|
Myeloid leukaemia | 13 | 1.23 (0.66-2.11) | 11 | 0.91 (0.45-1.62) | 26 | 1.52 (0.99-2.22) | 34 |
2.05
(1.42-2.86)
|
Myeloma/PCT | 21 | 1.37 (0.85-2.10) | 7 |
0.46
(0.19-0.95)
| 19 | 0.83 (0.50-1.29) | 39 | 1.05 (0.75-1.44) |
Other | 79 | 0.94 (0.74-1.17) | 136 |
1.22
(1.03-1.45)
| 241 |
1.43
(1.26-1.62)
| 318 |
1.43
(1.28-1.60)
|
All cancers combined | 1,534 |
1.14
(1.08-1.20)
| 2,184 |
1.22
(1.17-1.28)
| 3,386 |
1.36
(1.31-1.41)
| 4,331 |
1.46
(1.41-1.50)
|
Relative risk of second primary cancers by follow-up interval
Follow-up interval | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 months to less than 1 year | 1 year to less than 5 years | 5 years to less than 10 years | 10 years or longer | |||||
First primary cancer | Obs. | SIR (95% CI) | Obs. | SIR (95% CI) | Obs. | SIR (95% CI) | Obs. | SIR (95% CI) |
Head and neck | 164 |
1.67
(1.42-1.95)
| 731 |
2.00
(1.86-2.15)
| 651 |
2.10
(1.94-2.26)
| 443 |
1.89
(1.72-2.08)
|
Oesophagus | 22 | 1.22 (0.77-1.85) | 42 | 1.31 (0.95-1.77) | 32 |
1.76
(1.20-2.48)
| 9 | 1.11 (0.51-2.10) |
Stomach | 36 | 0.97 (0.68-1.35) | 75 | 0.95 (0.74-1.18) | 55 | 1.04 (0.78-1.35) | 40 | 0.99 (0.71-1.35) |
Colorectal | 310 | 1.03 (0.92-1.16) | 1,131 |
1.07
(1.01-1.13)
| 912 |
1.11
(1.04-1.18)
| 693 |
1.14
(1.06-1.23)
|
Pancreas | 14 | 0.74 (0.40-1.24) | 20 | 1.01 (0.62-1.57) | 15 | 0.99 (0.55-1.64) | -- | -- |
Lung | 147 | 1.06 (0.89-1.24) | 312 |
1.46
(1.30-1.63)
| 183 |
1.71
(1.47-1.98)
| 87 |
1.35
(1.08-1.67)
|
Melanoma | 458 |
2.15
(1.95-2.35)
| 1,798 |
1.92
(1.84-2.02)
| 1,553 |
1.80
(1.71-1.89)
| 1,283 |
1.63
(1.55-1.73)
|
Breast - female | 194 | 1.02 (0.88-1.18) | 1,020 |
1.25
(1.17-1.33)
| 1,019 |
1.44
(1.35-1.53)
| 729 |
1.36
(1.26-1.46)
|
Cervix | 33 |
2.13
(1.46-2.99)
| 89 |
1.46
(1.18-1.80)
| 89 |
1.43
(1.15-1.76)
| 89 | 1.09 (0.87-1.34) |
Uterus | 29 | 1.03 (0.69-1.48) | 134 | 1.15 (0.96-1.36) | 147 |
1.36
(1.15-1.60)
| 99 | 1.00 (0.81-1.21) |
Ovary | 22 | 1.22 (0.77-1.85) | 54 | 1.04 (0.78-1.35) | 46 | 1.18 (0.86-1.57) | 42 | 1.11 (0.80-1.50) |
Prostate | 344 |
0.81
(0.73-0.90)
| 1,368 |
0.84
(0.80-0.89)
| 988 |
0.88
(0.82-0.93)
| 306 |
0.66
(0.59-0.74)
|
Kidney | 115 |
2.45
(2.02-2.94)
| 254 |
1.57
(1.38-1.77)
| 177 |
1.42
(1.22-1.65)
| 109 |
1.35
(1.11-1.63)
|
Bladder | 249 |
2.40
(2.11-2.72)
| 668 |
1.73
(1.61-1.87)
| 477 |
1.61
(1.47-1.76)
| 286 |
1.39
(1.23-1.56)
|
Brain & CNS | 6 | 0.60 (0.22-1.31) | 12 | 0.77 (0.40-1.34) | 18 | 1.44 (0.85-2.28) | 14 | 1.28 (0.70-2.15) |
Thyroid | 18 | 1.65 (0.98-2.61) | 78 |
1.53
(1.21-1.91)
| 63 | 1.21 (0.93-1.55) | 56 | 1.16 (0.87-1.50) |
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 74 | 1.23 (0.97-1.55) | 262 |
1.31
(1.16-1.48)
| 209 |
1.46
(1.27-1.67)
| 144 |
1.49
(1.26-1.76)
|
Lymphoid leukaemia | 52 |
1.82
(1.36-2.39)
| 156 |
1.40
(1.19-1.64)
| 143 |
1.89
(1.59-2.23)
| 71 |
1.78
(1.37-2.22)
|
Myeloid leukaemia | 27 |
1.59
(1.05-2.31)
| 57 |
1.44
(1.09-1.87)
| 28 | 1.40 (0.93-2.03) | 13 | 1.41 (0.75-2.41) |
Myeloma/PCT | 18 | 0.76 (0.45-1.21) | 68 | 1.02 (0.79-1.29) | 36 | 1.26 (0.88-1.74) | 12 | 1.12 (0.58-1.95) |
Other | 179 |
1.22
(1.05-1.42)
| 595 |
1.35
(1.25-1.47)
| 447 |
1.36
(1.24-1.49)
| 332 |
1.33
(1.19-1.48)
|
All cancers combined | 2,511 |
1.32
(1.27-1.37)
| 8,924 |
1.33
(1.31-1.36)
| 7,286 |
1.39
(1.35-1.42)
| 4,859 |
1.28
(1.24-1.31)
|