Background
Methods
Data collection
Screening and confirmatory methods
HBsAg | HIV Ag/Ab | Anti-HCV | Anti-HTLV 1/2 |
---|---|---|---|
1/ Enzygnost HBsAg 5.0 (Dade Behring) | 1/ HIV Ag/Ab (BIO-RAD) | 1/ Anti-HCV (Avicenna) | 1/HTLV 1/2 Elisa versión (MP Biomrdical) |
2/ Enzygnost HBsAg 6.0 (Siemens) | 2/ Vironostika HIV Ag/Ab (BIOMERIEUX) | 2/ Hepanostika HCV Ultra (Beijing United Biomedical Co) | 2/ Eiagen HTLV 1/2 I/II Ab (Adaltis) |
3/ Monalisa HBsAg Ultra (BIORAD) | 3/ Murex HIV Ag/Ab Combination (Diasorin) | 3/ Anti-HCV 3.0 Enhanced Save (Ortho) | 3/INNOLIA HTLV 1/2 I/II score (Innogenetics) |
4/ Murex HBsAg Version 3.0 (Diasorin) | 4/ EIAgen Detect HIV 4 Total Screening Kit (Adaltis) | 4/ Murex Anti-HCV (Diasorin) | 4/HTLV 1/2 І/II Ab version ULTRA (Diapro) |
5/Enzygnost HBs Ag 6.0 HBs Ag II (Roche) (Siemens) | 5/HIV Combi PT Genscreen (Roche) | 5/ INNOTEST HCV Ab IV (Innogenetic) | |
6/ULTRA HIV-Ag-Ab (BIOmRAD) | 6/ EIAgen Anti-HCV (V.4) Ab (Adaltis) | ||
7/ Enzygnost Anti-HCV 4 (Siemens) | |||
8/ Monolisa Anti-HCV Plus Version 3 (BIORAD) | |||
9/Elecsys Anti-HCV II (Roche) | |||
10/Monalisa Anti-HCV plus (BIORAD) |
HBsAg Confirmatory Test | HIV Western Blot | HCV Blot | HTLV 1/2 Blot |
---|---|---|---|
1/ Enzygnost HBsAg confirm (Dade-Behring) | 1/ HIV BLOT 2.2 (Genelabs) | 1/ HCV BLOT 3.0 (Genelabs) | HTLV 1/2 I/II BLOT (MP Diagnostics) |
2/ Enzygnost HBsAg Confirm (Siemens) | 2/ HIV BLOT 2.2 (MP Diagnostics) | 2/ HCV BLOT 3.0 (MP Diagnostics) | |
3/ Monalisa HBsAg Confirm (BIORAD) | 3/ Inno-LIA HIV1/2 Score (Innogenetics) | 3/ Inno-LIA HCV Score (Innogenetics) | |
4/ Inno-LIA HIV1/2 Score (Fujirebio) | 4/ Inno-LIA HCV Score (Fujirebio) |
Statistical analysis
Ethics approval
Results
Baseline characteristics of donors
Year | Donation Number | Number (Percentage) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | Age) year) | Donor status | |||||||
Male | Female | < 29 | 30–39 | 40–49 | > 50 | First time | Regular | ||
2010 | 354,695 | 332,980 (93.9) | 21,715 (6.1) | 79,452 (22.4) | 120,597 (34.2) | 91,511 (25.8) | 63,135 (17.8) | 120,950 (34.1) | 233,744 (65.9) |
2011 | 351,769 | 330,232 (93.8) | 21,537 (6.2) | 86,887 (24.7) | 128,396 (36.5) | 88,645 (25.2) | 47,841 (13.6) | 104,124 (29.6) | 247,645 (70.4) |
2012 | 393,317 | 371,205 (94.4) | 22,112 (5.6) | 98,330 (25) | 134,514 (34.2) | 98,329 (24.9) | 62,144 (15.8) | 107,769 (27.4) | 285,548 (72.6) |
2013 | 391,210 | 371,545 (95) | 19,665 (5) | 91,934 (23.5) | 138,488 (35.4) | 99,759 (25.5) | 61,029 (15.6) | 100,150 (25.6) | 291,060 (74.4) |
2014 | 405,133 | 385,176 (95.1) | 19,957 (4.9) | 95,611 (23.6) | 148,279 (36.6) | 98,447 (24.3) | 62,796 (15.5) | 93,991 (23.2) | 311,142 (76.8) |
2015 | 429,629 | 410,535 (95.6) | 19,094 (4.4) | 97,526 (22.7) | 167,985 (39.1) | 105,259 (24.5) | 58,859 (13.7) | 92,800 (21.6) | 336,829 (78.4) |
2016 | 419,665 | 400,062 (95.3) | 19,603 (4.7) | 102,398 (24.4) | 155,696 (37.1) | 104,916 (25.1) | 56,655 (13.5) | 87,710 (20.9) | 331,955 (79.1) |
2017 | 432,097 | 410,844 (95.1) | 21,253 (4.9) | 77,346 (17.9) | 163,332 (37.9) | 116,666 (27) | 74,753 (17.3) | 74,321 (17.3) | 357,776 (82.8) |
2018 | 445,345 | 424,342 (95.3) | 21,003 (4.7) | 83,280 (18.7) | 167,895 (37.8) | 120,243 (27) | 73,927 (16.6) | 62,794 (14.1) | 382,551 (85.9) |
Total | 3,622,860 | 3,436,921 (94.9) | 185,939 (5.1) | 815,144 (22.5) | 1,322,344 (36.5) | 923,829 (25.5) | 561,543 (15.5) | 844,126 (23.3) | 2,778,734 (76.7) |
Prevalence and trend of TTIs in blood donors according to donor status
Year | Donation Number | Number of confirmed positive samples Prevalence /100000 donation (95%CI) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First time | Regular | ||||||||
HBV | HIV | HCV | HTLV | HBV | HIV | HCV | HTLV | ||
2010 | 354,695 | 975,275 (240–310) | 8 2.3 (1.5–3.4) | 162 45.7 (41.6–50) | 379,106.9 (100.6–1134) | 56 15.8 (13.5–18.5) | 0 | 17 4.8 (3.6–6.4) | 47 13.3 (11.2–15.8) |
2011 | 351,769 | 840,224.9 (215.8–234.4) | 6 1.6 (0.9–2.6) | 163 43.6 (39.6–47.8) | 358 95.7 (89.8–101.9) | 41 11.7 (9.7–14.2) | 7 2 (1.3–3) | 23 6.5 (5.1–8.3) | 29 8.2 (6.6–10.2) |
2012 | 393,317 | 723,184.4 (176.2–193) | 5 1.3 (0.75–2.2) | 147 37.5 (33.8–41.4) | 263 67.1 (62.2–72.4) | 17 4.3 (3.2–5.8) | 2 0.5 (0.2–1.2) | 7 1.8 (1.1–2.8) | 23 5.8 (4.5–7.5) |
2013 | 391,210 | 659,168.5 (160.6–176.7) | 5 1.3 (0.75–2.2) | 151 38.6 (34.9–42.6) | 276 70.6 (65.5–76) | 8 2 (1.3–3) | 0 | 14 3.6 (2.6–5) | 13 3.3 (2.3–4.6) |
2014 | 405,133 | 630,153.1 (145.6–160.9) | 5 1.2 (0.7–2) | 117 28.4 (25.2–31.9) | 292 71 (65.9–76.4) | 42 10.4 (8.6–12.6) | 3 0.7 (0.3–1.4) | 16 3.9 (2.8–5.3) | 19 4.7 (3.5–6.2) |
2015 | 429,629 | 593,143.6 (136.3–156.2) | 4 1 (0.54–1.8) | 111 26.9 (23.8–30.3) | 242 58.8 (54.2–63.7) | 62 14.4 (12.7–17) | 3 0.7 (0.3–1.4) | 18 4.2 (3.1–5.7) | 6 1.4 (0.8–2.3) |
2016 | 419,665 | 471,112.2 (105.8–118.9) | 10 2.4 (1.6–3.5) | 111 26.4 (23.4–29.7) | 239 57 (52.5–61.8) | 19 4.5 (3.4–6) | 2 0.5 (0.2–1.2) | 11 2.6 (1.8–3.8) | 13 3.1 (2.2–4.4) |
2017 | 432,097 | 347 80.3 (74.9–86) | 3 0.7 (0.3–1.4) | 86 19.9 (17.3–22.9) | 176 40.7 (36.9–44.8) | 11 2.5 (1.7–3.7) | 2 0.5 (0.2–1.2) | 9 2.1 (1.4–3.2) | 16 3.7 (2.7–5.1) |
2018 | 445,345 | 298 66.9 (62–72.2) | 4 0.9 (0.4–1.7) | 61 13.7 (11.6–16.2) | 137 30.8 (27.5–34.4) | 12 2.7 (1.8–3.9) | 4 0.9 (0.4–1.7) | 4 0.9 (0.4–1.7) | 9 2 (1.3–3) |
Total | 3,622,860 | 5536 152.8 (145.3–160.6) | 50 1.4 (0.8–2.3) | 1109 30.6 (27.3–34.2) | 2362 65.2 (60.4–70.4) | 268 7.4 (6–9.3) | 23 0.6 (0.3–1.3) | 119 3.3 (2.5–4.6) | 175 4.8 (3.6–6.4) |
Impact of donors’ baseline characteristics on prevalence of TTIs
Male | Female | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donation Number | Number of confirmed positive samples Prevalence /100000 donation (95 CI) | Donation Number | Number of confirmed positive samples Prevalence /100000 donation (95 CI) | |||||||
HBV | HIV | HCV | HTLV | HBV | HIV | HCV | HTLV | |||
2010 | 332,980 | 963,289.2 (278.8–299.8) | 23 6.9 (5.4–8.7) | 157 47.1 (43–51.5) | 358,107.5 (102.6–114.1) | 21,715 | 80,368.4 (356.7–380.4) | 0 | 9 41.4 (37.6–45.6) | 67,308.5 (297.8–319.5) |
2011 | 330,232 | 814,246.5 (236.9–256) | 10 3 (2.1–4.3) | 179 54.2 (49.8–58.9) | 318 96.3 (90.4–102.5) | 21,537 | 64,297.2 (286.7–308) | 3 13.9 (11.7–16.4) | 10 46.4 (42–51) | 71,329.7 (318.6–341.1) |
2012 | 371,205 | 686,184.8 (176.5–193.4) | 5 1.3 (0.75–2.2) | 146 39.3 (35.6–43.2) | 231 62.2 (57.5–67.3) | 22,112 | 55,248.7 (239.1–258.6) | 2 9 (7.3–11) | 12 54.3 (49.9–59) | 48,217.1 (208.1–226.4) |
2013 | 371,545 | 630,169.6 (161.7–177.8) | 4 1.1 (0.6–1.9) | 162 43.6 (39.6–47.8) | 241 64.9 (60–70) | 19,665 | 37,188.2 (179.8–196.8) | 1 5.1 (3.8–6.7) | 2 10.2 (8.4–12.4) | 48,244.1 (234.6–260) |
2014 | 385,176 | 626,162.5 (154.7–170.5) | 8 2.1 (1.3–3.2) | 131 34 (30.5–37.8) | 255 66.2 (61.3–71.4) | 19,957 | 42,210.5 (201.7–219.6) | 0 | 2 10 (8.2–12.2) | 54,270.6 (260.6–281) |
2015 | 410,535 | 623,151.8 (144.3–159.6) | 7 1.7 (1–2.7) | 121 29.5 (26.3–33) | 215 52.4 (48.1–57.1) | 19,094 | 32,167.6 (160–176) | 0 | 6 31.4 (28.1–35) | 32,167.6 (159.8–175.8) |
2016 | 400,062 | 464,116 (96.7–139) | 11 2.7 (1.8–3.9) | 120 30 (26.7–33.5) | 207 51.7 (47.4–56.3) | 19,603 | 26,132.6 (126–140) | 1 5.1 (3.8–6.7) | 2 10.2 (8.4–12.4) | 45,229.6 (220.4–239.2) |
2017 | 410,884 | 338 82.3 (76.8–88.1) | 5 1.2 (0.7–2.1) | 88 21.4 (18.7–24.5) | 165 40.2 (36.5–44.3) | 21,253 | 20 94.1 (88.3–100.3) | 0 | 7 32.9 (29.5–36.6) | 27,127 (120.2–134.2) |
2018 | 424,342 | 287 67.6 (62.7–72.9) | 7 1.6 (1–2.6) | 61 14.4 (12.21168–17) | 117 27.6 (24.5–31) | 21,003 | 23,109.5 (103–116) | 0 | 4 19 (16.5–22) | 29,138.1 (131–145.6) |
Total | 3,436,921 | 5431 158 (150–165) | 80 2.3 (1.5–3.5) | 1168 33.9 (30.5–37.7) | 2107 61.3 (56.6–66.3) | 185,939 | 379,203.8 (195–212) | 7 3.8 (2.8–5.2) | 54 29 (25.8–32.5) | 421,226.4 (217.3–235.9) |
Male | Female | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donation Number | Age (Year) | Number of confirmed positive samples Prevalence /100000 donation (95% CI) | Donation Number | Age (Year) | Number of confirmed positive samples Prevalence /100000 donation (95% CI) | ||||||
HBV | HIV | HCV | HTLV 1/2 | HBV | HIV | HCV | HTLV 1/2 | ||||
3,436,921 | < 29 | 1236 36 (32.4–39.9) | 24 0.7 (0.4–1.4) | 215 6.3 (4.9–8) | 505 14.7 (12.5–17.2) | 185,939 | < 29 | 78 41.9 (38–46) | 3 1.6 (1–2.6) | 11 5.9 (4.5–7.6) | 61 32.8 (29.4–36.5) |
P value | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0001 | |||||||
aChi-square Pearson value | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 37.1 | |||||||
30–39 | 1894 55.1 (50.6–59.8) | 41 1.2 (0.7–2.1) | 553 16.1 (13.7–18.7) | 716 20.8 (18.2–23.8) | 30–39 | 113 60.8 (56.1–65.8) | 1 0.5 (0.2–1.2) | 13 7 (5.5–8.8) | 112 60.2 (55.6–65.2) | ||
P value | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.002 | 0.0001 | |||||||
Chi-square Pearson value | 1.02 | 0.6 | 9.3 | 119.8 | |||||||
40–49 | 1538 44.7 (40.7–49) | 10 0.3 (0.1–0.8) | 292 8.5 (6.8–10.5) | 609 17.7 (15.2–20.5) | 40–49 | 125 67.2 (62.3–72.4) | 2 1.1 (0.6–1.9) | 15 8.1 (6.5–10) | 158 85 (79.4–90.9) | ||
P value | 0.0001 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 0.0001 | |||||||
Chi-square Pearson value | 19.4 | 3.3 | 0.03 | 376.9 | |||||||
> 50 | 938 27.3 (24.2–30.7) | 6 0.2 (0.05–0.7) | 139 4 (2.9–5.4) | 385 11.2 (9.7–14) | > 50 | 88 47.3 (43.2–51.7) | 1 0.5 (0.2–1.2) | 14 7.5 (5.6–9.4) | 116 62.4 (57.7–67.5) | ||
P value | 0.0001 | 0.3 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | |||||||
Chi-square Pearson value | 25.1 | 1.2 | 45.2 | 334.2 |