Background
Methods
I. Pain on walking (total 30 points) | |
Walking 1 km or more usually with no pain, without regard for mild pain, or rarely feeling pain with certain activities | 30 |
Walking 1 km or more regardless of pain | 25 |
Walking 500 m or more, but less than 1 km without regard for pain | 20 |
Walking 100 m or more, but less than 500 m without regard for pain | 15 |
Walking indoors or nearby, but less than 100 m without regard for pain | 10 |
Inability to walk | 5 |
Inability to stand | 0 |
II. Pain on ascending or descending stairs (total 25 points) | |
No pain | 25 |
Pain with handrails, but no pain with step-by-step ambulation | 20 |
Pain relieved by using handrails | 15 |
Pain with step-by-step ambulation, pain relieved by using handrails | 10 |
Pain even with step-by-step ambulation and handrail use | 5 |
Inability to ascend or descend because of pain | 0 |
III. Range of motion (total 35 points) | |
Squatting | 35 |
Sideways or cross-legged sitting | 30 |
Flexion or arc of motion of 110° or more | 25 |
Flexion or arc of motion of 75° or more | 20 |
Flexion or arc of motion of 35° or more | 10 |
Flexion or arc of motion less than 35° including ankylosis or severe flexion contracture | 0 |
IV. Joint effusion (total 10 points) | |
No edema, no swelling | 10 |
Occasional puncture required | 5 |
Frequent puncture required | 0 |
Muscle strength
CT-based analysis of femoral muscle volume
Statistical analysis
Results
Study participant’s demographic information
Parameter | Operated side | Contralateral side | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 72.4 ± 7.4 | ||
Height (cm) | 149.0 ± 6.0 | ||
Weight (kg) | 57.9 ± 10.4 | ||
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.1 ± 4.1 | ||
K/L grade (1, 2, 3, 4), N | 0, 0, 6, 29 | 2, 4, 15, 14 | P = 0.127 |
JOA score | |||
Total | 54.6 ± 10.6* | 73.4 ± 16.3 | P < 0.001 |
Pain on walking | 16.3 ± 5.9* | 21.6 ± 7.3 | P < 0.001 |
Pain on ascending or descending stairs | 6.0 ± 4.8* | 14.4 ± 7.9 | P < 0.001 |
ROM | 25.7 ± 3.4* | 27.9 ± 0.7 | P = 0.001 |
Joint effusion | 6.6 ± 3.8* | 9.6 ± 1.4 | P < 0.001 |
Muscle strength and volume
Operated side | Contralateral side | Difference (%) | P value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Muscle strength (N) | 0.52 ± 0.22* | 0.61 ± 0.25 | −10.14 ± 25.18 | P = 0.001 |
% Muscle strength to body weight (% BW) | 28.78 ± 9.71* | 33.62 ± 11.57 | P = 0.001 | |
Muscle volume (cm3) | 77.95 ± 13.11* | 83.03 ± 12.09 | −6.0 ± 8.9 | P = 0.001 |
Relationship between clinical score, muscle strength, and muscle volume
Discussion
Advantages | Limitations |
---|---|
• CT-based analysis of bilateral muscle volume accurately reflects muscle strength in patients with KOA. • CT-based analysis of bilateral muscle volume enables exclusion of parameters such as age and BMI, which affect muscle mass and strength. | • The analyzed muscle comprises several different muscles, including the rectus femoris, biceps femoris, and adductor longus. • This study was a cross-sectional study. • Patients with bilateral knee osteoarthritis were included among the participants. |