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Erschienen in:
29.11.2023 | Original Article
Vaccine-Preventable Illness Leads to Adverse Outcomes in Liver Transplant Recipients
Erschienen in: Digestive Diseases and Sciences | Ausgabe 2/2024
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Background
Liver transplant recipients (LTR) and patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) are at an increased risk of infections.
Aims
The objective of our study was to assess the incidence, and impact of vaccine preventable illness (VPI) on outcomes in LTR.
Methods
National Inpatient Sample (NIS) 2016–2020 was used to identify adults (age > 18) hospitalized LTR using ICD-10 codes. Data were collected on patient demographics, hospital characteristics, etiology of liver disease, hepatic decompensations and outcomes. Patients were stratified into two groups based on the presence or absence of VPI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the association between VPI and outcomes.
Results
Out of 170,650 hospitalized LTR, 13.5% of the patients had VPI. The most common VPI was noted to be influenza (10.7%), followed by pneumococcal infection (2.7%). Incidence of mortality (6.9% vs. 1.6%, p < 0.001), ICU admissions (14.3% vs. 3.4%, p < 0.001), and acute kidney injury (AKI) (43.7% vs 37.35%, p < 0.001) was higher in the VPI group.
Conclusion
More than 13% of the LT hospitalizations had concomitant VPI. VPI in LTR was associated with worse outcomes. Our data suggests the need to identify factors associated with reduced vaccination rates and identify strategies to improve vaccination rates and responses in these patients.
Graphical Abstract
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