Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Der Urologe 9/2012

01.09.2012 | Originalien

Wechsel des LHRH-Analogons beim progredienten kastrationsresistenten Prostatakarzinom

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. A. Heidenreich, D. Porres, R. Epplen, T. van Erps, D. Pfister

Erschienen in: Die Urologie | Ausgabe 9/2012

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Standardtherapie des metastasierten Prostatakarzinoms (PCA) ist die medikamentöse oder chirurgische Kastration – 2–12% der Patienten erreichen dieses Ziel nach medikamentöser Kastration jedoch nicht. Wir untersuchten, ob ein Wechsel des primären LHRH-Analogons (Luteinisierungs-Hormon-Releasing-Hormon) auf Triptorelinpamoat (TP) zu einem erneuten therapeutischen Ansprechen führen kann.

Patienten und Methodik

Retrospektiv wurden 36 Patienten mit einem PSA-Progress von ≥50% gegenüber dem Nadir nach kompletter Androgendeprivation (ADT) und sekundärem Antiandrogenentzug analysiert. Alle Patienten zeigten nach bildgebender Standarddiagnostik keine oder nur minimale Metastasen und waren symptomfrei. Es wurden prätherapeutisch die Parameter PSA (prostataspezifisches Antigen), PSA-Verdopplungszeit (PSA-DT), PSA-Velocity (PSA-V) sowie die Testosteronserumkonzentration (TK) bestimmt und mit der beobachteten Ansprechrate korreliert. Alle Patienten wurden mit TP, 11,5 mg in 3-monatlichen Intervallen bis zum Progress therapiert.

Ergebnisse

Das mittlere Patientenalter lag bei 69,2 (52–79) Jahren, der mittlere PSA-Wert bei 23,4 (8,7–53,1) ng/ml, Die mittlere PSA-DT betrug 9,2 (2,9–15,4) Monate. Die mittlere Testosteronkonzentration betrug 38,67 (21–76) ng/dl. Die mittlere Zeit der ADT bis zur dokumentierten PSA-Progression betrug 42,4 (13–76) Monate, die mediane Zeit lag bei 46,8 (16–82) Monaten. Eine PSA-Reduktion ≥ 50% wurde bei 9/36 (25%) Patienten nachgewiesen. Jeweils 3/36 (13,9%) Patienten zeigten stabile PSA-Werte bzw. eine reduzierte PSA-DT (6,2→9,8 Monate). Das mittlere progressionsfreie Intervall (PFI) lag bei 21,4 (7–53) Wochen. Bei PSA-Ansprechen betrug das mittlere PFI 53,2 (26–64) Wochen, bei stabilem PSA-Verlauf 28 (17–35) Wochen. Patienten mit signifikanter PSA-Regression wiesen signifikant höhere TK auf als Patienten ohne PSA-Antwort (48,3 (29–76) ng/dl vs. 32,6 (21–62) ng/dl, p=0,02). Das mittlere Nachbeobachtungsintervall beträgt 31,4 (27–39) Monate. Die Gesamtüberlebensrate 80,5%, die tumorspezifische Überlebensrate beträgt 88,9%.

Zusammenfassung

Die sekundäre LHRH-Gabe führt bei kastrationsresistenten Prostatakarzinomen (KRPCA) und begleitender T-Konzentration im hohen Kastrationsniveau zu einem vorübergehenden therapeutischen Ansprechen und kann in das Therapiekonzept bei vermeintlicher „Kastrationsresistenz“ berücksichtigt werden. Unsere Daten verdeutlichen die Bedeutung der Bestimmung der T-Konzentration unter LHRH-Therapie. Auch wenn das progressionsfreie Intervall kurz ist, erlaubt es die Fortesetzung einer nebenwirkungsarmen Therapie in einer reinen palliativen Situation.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Heidenreich A, Bellmunt J, Bolla M et al (2011) EAU Guidelines on prostate cancer. Part I: screening, diagnosis and treatment of clinically localized disease. Eur Urol 59:61–71PubMedCrossRef Heidenreich A, Bellmunt J, Bolla M et al (2011) EAU Guidelines on prostate cancer. Part I: screening, diagnosis and treatment of clinically localized disease. Eur Urol 59:61–71PubMedCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Mottet N, Bellmunt J, Bolla M et al (2011) EAU guidelines on prostate cancer. Part II: treatment of advanced, relapsing, and castration-resistant prostate cancer. Eur Urol 59:572–583PubMedCrossRef Mottet N, Bellmunt J, Bolla M et al (2011) EAU guidelines on prostate cancer. Part II: treatment of advanced, relapsing, and castration-resistant prostate cancer. Eur Urol 59:572–583PubMedCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Sarosdy MF, Schellhammer PF, Soloway MS et al (1999) Endocrine effects, efficacy and tolerability of a 10.8- mg depot formulation of goserelin acetate administered every 13 weeks to patients with advanced prostate cancer. BJU Int 83(7):801–806PubMedCrossRef Sarosdy MF, Schellhammer PF, Soloway MS et al (1999) Endocrine effects, efficacy and tolerability of a 10.8- mg depot formulation of goserelin acetate administered every 13 weeks to patients with advanced prostate cancer. BJU Int 83(7):801–806PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Oefelein MG, Cornum R (2000) Failure to achieve castrate levels of testosterone during luteinizing hormone releasing hormone agonist therapy: the case for monitoring serum testosterone and a treatment decision algorithm. J Urol 164(3 Pt 1):726–729PubMedCrossRef Oefelein MG, Cornum R (2000) Failure to achieve castrate levels of testosterone during luteinizing hormone releasing hormone agonist therapy: the case for monitoring serum testosterone and a treatment decision algorithm. J Urol 164(3 Pt 1):726–729PubMedCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat McLeod D, Zinner N, Tomera K et al (2001) Abarelix Study Group. A phase 3, multicenter, open-label, randomized study of abarelix versus leuprolide acetate in men with prostate cancer. Urology 58(5):756–761PubMedCrossRef McLeod D, Zinner N, Tomera K et al (2001) Abarelix Study Group. A phase 3, multicenter, open-label, randomized study of abarelix versus leuprolide acetate in men with prostate cancer. Urology 58(5):756–761PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Morote J, Orsola A, Planas J et al (2007) Redefining clinically significant castration levels in patients with prostate cancer receiving continuous androgen deprivation therapy. J Urol 178(4 Pt 1):1290–1295PubMedCrossRef Morote J, Orsola A, Planas J et al (2007) Redefining clinically significant castration levels in patients with prostate cancer receiving continuous androgen deprivation therapy. J Urol 178(4 Pt 1):1290–1295PubMedCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Schulman CC, Irani J, Morote J et al (2010) Testosterone measurement in patients with prostate cancer. Eur Urol 58(1):65–74PubMedCrossRef Schulman CC, Irani J, Morote J et al (2010) Testosterone measurement in patients with prostate cancer. Eur Urol 58(1):65–74PubMedCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Smith MR, Kabbinavar F, Saad F et al (2005) Natural history of rising serum prostate-specific antigen in men castrate nonmetastatic prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 23:2918–2925PubMedCrossRef Smith MR, Kabbinavar F, Saad F et al (2005) Natural history of rising serum prostate-specific antigen in men castrate nonmetastatic prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 23:2918–2925PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Heyns CF, Simonin MP, Grosgurin P et al (2003) Comparative efficacy of triptorelin pamoate and leuprolide acetate in men with advanced prostate cancer. BJU Int 92(3):226–231PubMedCrossRef Heyns CF, Simonin MP, Grosgurin P et al (2003) Comparative efficacy of triptorelin pamoate and leuprolide acetate in men with advanced prostate cancer. BJU Int 92(3):226–231PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang L, Loblaw A, Klotz L (2006) Modeling prostate specific antigen kinetics in patients on active surveillance. J Urol 176:1392–1397PubMedCrossRef Zhang L, Loblaw A, Klotz L (2006) Modeling prostate specific antigen kinetics in patients on active surveillance. J Urol 176:1392–1397PubMedCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Scher HI, Halabi S, Tannock I et al (2008) Design and end points of clinical trials for patients with progressive prostate cancer and castrate levels of testosterone: recommendations of the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group. J Clin Oncol 26(7):1148–1159PubMedCrossRef Scher HI, Halabi S, Tannock I et al (2008) Design and end points of clinical trials for patients with progressive prostate cancer and castrate levels of testosterone: recommendations of the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group. J Clin Oncol 26(7):1148–1159PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Studer UE, Whelan P, Albrecht W et al (2006) Immediate or deferred androgen deprivation for patients with prostate cancer not suitable for local treatment with curative intent: european Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Trial 30891. J Clin Oncol 24(12):1868–1876PubMedCrossRef Studer UE, Whelan P, Albrecht W et al (2006) Immediate or deferred androgen deprivation for patients with prostate cancer not suitable for local treatment with curative intent: european Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Trial 30891. J Clin Oncol 24(12):1868–1876PubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Small EJ, Ryan CJ (2006) The case for secondary hormonal therapies in the chemotherapy age. J Urol 176(6 Pt 2):66–71CrossRef Small EJ, Ryan CJ (2006) The case for secondary hormonal therapies in the chemotherapy age. J Urol 176(6 Pt 2):66–71CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Koutsilieris M, Dimopoulos T, Milathianakis C et al (2007) Combination of somatostatin analogues and dexamethasone (anti-survival-factor concept) with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in androgen ablation-refractory prostate cancer with bone metastasis. BJU Int 100(Suppl 2):60–62PubMedCrossRef Koutsilieris M, Dimopoulos T, Milathianakis C et al (2007) Combination of somatostatin analogues and dexamethasone (anti-survival-factor concept) with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in androgen ablation-refractory prostate cancer with bone metastasis. BJU Int 100(Suppl 2):60–62PubMedCrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Serrate C, Loriot Y, De La Motte Rouge T et al (2009) Diethylstilbestrol (DES) retains activity and is a reasonable option in patients previously treated with docetaxel for castration-resistant prostate cancer. Ann Oncol 20(5):965PubMedCrossRef Serrate C, Loriot Y, De La Motte Rouge T et al (2009) Diethylstilbestrol (DES) retains activity and is a reasonable option in patients previously treated with docetaxel for castration-resistant prostate cancer. Ann Oncol 20(5):965PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Tunn UW (2011) A 6-month depot formulation of leuprolide acetate is safe and effective in daily clinical practice: a non-interventional prospective study in 1,273 patients. BMC Urol 11:15PubMedCrossRef Tunn UW (2011) A 6-month depot formulation of leuprolide acetate is safe and effective in daily clinical practice: a non-interventional prospective study in 1,273 patients. BMC Urol 11:15PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Rosette J de la, Davis R 3rd, Frankel D, Kold Olesen T (2011) Efficacy and safety of androgen deprivation therapy after switching from monthly leuprolide to monthly degarelix in patients with prostate cancer. Int J Clin Pract 65(5):559–566PubMedCrossRef Rosette J de la, Davis R 3rd, Frankel D, Kold Olesen T (2011) Efficacy and safety of androgen deprivation therapy after switching from monthly leuprolide to monthly degarelix in patients with prostate cancer. Int J Clin Pract 65(5):559–566PubMedCrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Crawford ED, Tombal B, Miller K et al (2011) A phase III extension trial with a 1-arm crossover from leuprolide to degarelix: comparison of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist and antagonist effect on prostate cancer. J Urol 186(3):889–897PubMedCrossRef Crawford ED, Tombal B, Miller K et al (2011) A phase III extension trial with a 1-arm crossover from leuprolide to degarelix: comparison of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist and antagonist effect on prostate cancer. J Urol 186(3):889–897PubMedCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Raddin RS, Walko CM, Whang YE (2011) Response to degarelix after resistance to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist therapy for metastatic prostate cancer. Anticancer Drugs 22(3):299–302PubMedCrossRef Raddin RS, Walko CM, Whang YE (2011) Response to degarelix after resistance to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist therapy for metastatic prostate cancer. Anticancer Drugs 22(3):299–302PubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Radu A, Pichon C, Camparo P et al (2010) Expression of follicle stimulating hormone receptor in tumor blood vessels. N Engl J Med 363:1621–1630PubMedCrossRef Radu A, Pichon C, Camparo P et al (2010) Expression of follicle stimulating hormone receptor in tumor blood vessels. N Engl J Med 363:1621–1630PubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Porcara AB, Migliorini F, Petrozziello A et al (2011) Investigative clinical study on prostate cancer part IV: follicle-stimulating hormone and the pituitary-testicular-prostate axis at the time of initial diagnosis and subsequent cluster selection of the patient population. Urol Int (Epub ahead of print) Porcara AB, Migliorini F, Petrozziello A et al (2011) Investigative clinical study on prostate cancer part IV: follicle-stimulating hormone and the pituitary-testicular-prostate axis at the time of initial diagnosis and subsequent cluster selection of the patient population. Urol Int (Epub ahead of print)
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Tombal B, Berges R (2008) Optimal control of testosterone: a clinical case-based approach of modern androgen-deprivation therapy. Eur Urol (Suppl 7):15–28 Tombal B, Berges R (2008) Optimal control of testosterone: a clinical case-based approach of modern androgen-deprivation therapy. Eur Urol (Suppl 7):15–28
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Gomella LG (2009) Effective testosterone suppression for prostate cancer: is there a best castration therapy? Rev Urol 11:52–60PubMed Gomella LG (2009) Effective testosterone suppression for prostate cancer: is there a best castration therapy? Rev Urol 11:52–60PubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Pickles T, Tyldesly S (2011) Testosterone breakthrough during LHRH agonist androgen deprivation with curative radiation: impact on PSA kinetics and subsequent biochemical outcomes. 26th Annual Congress of the European Association of Urology, Vienna, Austria Pickles T, Tyldesly S (2011) Testosterone breakthrough during LHRH agonist androgen deprivation with curative radiation: impact on PSA kinetics and subsequent biochemical outcomes. 26th Annual Congress of the European Association of Urology, Vienna, Austria
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Perachino M, Cavalli V, Bravi F (2010) Testosterone levels in patients with metastatic prostate cancer treated with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone therapy: prognostic significance? BJU Int 105:648–651PubMedCrossRef Perachino M, Cavalli V, Bravi F (2010) Testosterone levels in patients with metastatic prostate cancer treated with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone therapy: prognostic significance? BJU Int 105:648–651PubMedCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Taplin ME, Regan MM, Ko YJ et al (2009) Phase II study of androgen synthesis inhibition with ketoconazole, hydrocortisone, and dutasteride in asymptomatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 15(22):7099–7105PubMedCrossRef Taplin ME, Regan MM, Ko YJ et al (2009) Phase II study of androgen synthesis inhibition with ketoconazole, hydrocortisone, and dutasteride in asymptomatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 15(22):7099–7105PubMedCrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Bono JS de, Logothetis CJ, Molina A et al (2011) Abiraterone and increased survival in metastatic prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 364(21):1995–2005PubMedCrossRef Bono JS de, Logothetis CJ, Molina A et al (2011) Abiraterone and increased survival in metastatic prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 364(21):1995–2005PubMedCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Scher HI, Beer TM, Higano CS et al (2010) Prostate Cancer Foundation/Department of Defense Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Consortium. Antitumour activity of MDV3100 in castration-resistant prostate cancer: a phase 1–2 study. Lancet 375(9724):1437–1446PubMedCrossRef Scher HI, Beer TM, Higano CS et al (2010) Prostate Cancer Foundation/Department of Defense Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Consortium. Antitumour activity of MDV3100 in castration-resistant prostate cancer: a phase 1–2 study. Lancet 375(9724):1437–1446PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee DJ, Cha EK, Dubin JM et al (2011) Novel therapeutics for the management of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). BJU Int 109(7):968–985, doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10643.xPubMedCrossRef Lee DJ, Cha EK, Dubin JM et al (2011) Novel therapeutics for the management of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). BJU Int 109(7):968–985, doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10643.xPubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Wechsel des LHRH-Analogons beim progredienten kastrationsresistenten Prostatakarzinom
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. A. Heidenreich
D. Porres
R. Epplen
T. van Erps
D. Pfister
Publikationsdatum
01.09.2012
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Urologie / Ausgabe 9/2012
Print ISSN: 2731-7064
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7072
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-012-2948-9

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 9/2012

Der Urologe 9/2012 Zur Ausgabe

Mitteilungen der DGU

Mitteilungen der DGU

URO-Telegramm

URO-Telegramm

Update Urologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.