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Erschienen in: Der Schmerz 3/2004

01.06.2004 | Übersichten

Cannabinoide und Immunsystem

Menschen, Mäuse und Zellen

verfasst von: Dr. med. B. Kraft, H. G. Kress

Erschienen in: Der Schmerz | Ausgabe 3/2004

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Zusammenfassung

Der Einsatz von Cannabinoiden oder Cannabis in der Medizin wird kontrovers diskutiert. Derzeit sind nur Einzelsubstanzen (Dronabinol, Nabilone®) zur Symptomkontrolle in der Palliativmedizin zugelassen.
Das physiologische Cannabinoidsystem mit den spezifischen Rezeptoren CB1 und CB2 und seinen endogenen Liganden moduliert u.a. Appetit, Schmerzverarbeitung und immunologische Prozesse. Die befürchtete Immunsuppression durch Cannabinoide ließ sich beim Menschen bisher jedoch nicht sicher nachweisen. Lediglich Marijuanarauchen verminderte die bakteriziden Funktionen humaner Alveolarmakrophagen.
Nur im Tierversuch kam es zu verringerter zellulärer Immunität mit stärkerem Tumorwachstum und gehäuften Virusinfekten. In-vitro-Studien zeigten eine Suppression aller Immunzellen, jedoch nur bei Cannabinoidkonzentrationen weit oberhalb pharmakologischer Plasmaspiegel. Zusammenfassend ist eine klinisch relevante Immunsuppression bei der Therapie mit den verfügbaren oralen Cannabinoiden nicht wahrscheinlich, bei anderen Applikationsformen (Inhalation) könnten durchaus lokal immunsuppressive Effekte auftreten.
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Metadaten
Titel
Cannabinoide und Immunsystem
Menschen, Mäuse und Zellen
verfasst von
Dr. med. B. Kraft
H. G. Kress
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2004
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Der Schmerz / Ausgabe 3/2004
Print ISSN: 0932-433X
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-2129
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-003-0245-7

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