Background
Methods
Results
Baseline characteristics of patients
Overall population N = 158 | Patients with KTD n = 42 | Patients without KTDn = 116 |
p* | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female (%) | 34 | 21.5% | 8 | 19.0% | 26 | 22.4% | 0.649 |
Age [yrs] median (IQR) | 42 | 35–48 | 42 | 37–45 | 42 | 34–49 | 0.591 |
Non-Caucasian (%) | 5 | 3.2% | 2 | 4.8% | 3 | 2.6% | 0.490 |
BMI (Kg/m2) median (IQR) | 22,9 | 20,3–25,2 | 23,5 | 20,7–25,4 | 22,5 | 20,2–25,2 | 0.339 |
TDF as part of first ARV regimen (%) | 83 | 52,5% | 14 | 33,3% | 69 | 59,5% |
0.004
|
Previous therapy duration [yrs] median (IQR) | 0.0 | 0.0–6.1 | 0.6 | 0.0–8.2 | 0.0 | 0.0–3.8 |
0.034
|
TDF duration (months) median (IQR) | 66 | 24–101 | 76 | 30–110 | 59 | 23–95 | 0.090 |
Use of protease inhibitors (%) | 103 | 65.2% | 26 | 61.9% | 77 | 66.4% | 0.602 |
CD4+ (cells/μL) median (IQR) | 373 | 228–599 | 430 | 251–635 | 371 | 224–580 | 0.638 |
HIV-RNA (log cps/mL) median (IQR) | 3.8 | 0.0–5.0 | 0.0 | 0.0–4.5 | 4.0 | 0.0–5.0 |
0.012
|
Creatinine (mg/dL) median (IQR) | 0.84 | 0.72–0.94 | 0.84 | 0.70–0.99 | 0.83 | 0.73–0.92 | 0.534 |
GFR (MDRD equation) median (IQR) | 103 | 89–117 | 106 | 89–118 | 101 | 89–117 | 0.586 |
HCV coinfection (%) | 18 | 11.4% | 6 | 14.3% | 12 | 10.3% | 0.491 |
Diabetes (%) | 11 | 7.0% | 5 | 11.9% | 6 | 5.2% | 0.142 |
Hypertension (%) | 20 | 12.7% | 8 | 19.0% | 12 | 10.3% | 0.146 |
Bone diseasea (%) | 55 | 34.8% | 23 | 54.8% | 32 | 27.6% |
0.002
|
Genotype distribution and factors associated with KTD
Overall population N = 158 | Patients with KTD n = 42 | Patients without KTD n = 116 |
p* | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ABCC2 -24 C > T, rs717620 (%) | |||||||
C/C | 104 | 65.8% | 25 | 59.5% | 79 | 68.1% | 0.503 |
C/T | 52 | 32.9% | 16 | 38.1% | 36 | 31.0% | |
T/T | 2 | 1.3% | 1 | 2.4% | 1 | 0.9% | |
ABCC4 3463 A > G, rs1751034 (%) | |||||||
A/A | 92 | 58.2% | 27 | 64.3% | 65 | 56.0% |
0.010
|
A/G | 56 | 35.5% | 9 | 21.4% | 47 | 40.5% | |
G/G | 10 | 6.3% | 6 | 14.3% | 4 | 3.5% | |
ABCC10 rs2125739, T > C (%) | |||||||
T/T | 80 | 50.6% | 19 | 45.2% | 61 | 52.6% | 0.394 |
T/C | 66 | 41.8% | 21 | 50.0% | 45 | 38.8% | |
C/C | 12 | 7.6% | 2 | 4.8% | 10 | 8.6% |
Bivariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | (95% CI) |
p
| OR | (95% CI) |
p
| |||
Female vs male | 0,814 | 0,336 | 1974 | 0,650 | ||||
Caucasian vs Non-Caucasian | 1883 | 0,304 | 11,684 | 0,497 | ||||
Baseline age (per yrs) | 0,989 | 0,956 | 1023 | 0,524 | ||||
BMI ≤18 vs > 18 | 1133 | 0,335 | 3840 | 0,841 | ||||
TDF as part of first ARV regimen vs TDF as part of second or further ARV regimens | 0,341 | 0,162 | 0,715 |
0,004
| 1040 | 0,195 | 5537 | 0,963 |
Previous therapy duration (per yrs) | 1057 | 0,988 | 1131 | 0,110 | 0,948 | 0,854 | 1051 | 0,309 |
Baseline CD4 cell count (per cells/mL) | 1000 | 0,999 | 1001 | 0,907 | ||||
Baseline Plasma HIV-RNA level (per log cps/mL) | 0,793 | 0,677 | 0,929 |
0,004
| 0,809 | 0,578 | 1132 | 0,216 |
HCV coinfection | 1444 | 0,505 | 4131 | 0,493 | ||||
Baseline creatinine (per mg/dL) | 1999 | 0,138 | 28,861 | 0,611 | ||||
Duration of treatment with TDF (per months) | 1006 | 0,998 | 1015 | 0,162 | 0,998 | 0,987 | 1009 | 0,672 |
Use of protease inhibitors | 0,823 | 0,396 | 1712 | 0,602 | ||||
Hypertension | 2039 | 0,769 | 5405 | 0,152 | 0,991 | 0,318 | 3084 | 0,987 |
Diabetes | 2477 | 0,714 | 8595 | 0,153 | 3670 | 0,914 | 14,740 | 0,067 |
Bone diseasea
| 3178 | 1529 | 6603 |
0,002
| 3147 | 1361 | 7279 |
0,007
|
ABCC2–24 C > T (CC vs CT/TT) | 0,689 | 0,332 | 1428 | 0,316 | ||||
ABCC4 3463 A > G (GG vs AG/AA) | 4667 | 1247 | 17,464 |
0,022
| 2663 | 0,610 | 11,621 | 0,193 |
ABCC10 rs2125739 T > C (CC vs TC/TT) | 0,530 | 0,111 | 2525 | 0,425 |