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Erschienen in: Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 1/2019

11.09.2018 | 2018 SSAT Plenary Presentation

Concomitant PPARα and FXR Activation as a Putative Mechanism of NASH Improvement after Gastric Bypass Surgery: a GEO Datasets Analysis

verfasst von: Guilherme S. Mazzini, Jad Khoraki, Mikhail Dozmorov, Matthew G. Browning, Dayanjan Wijesinghe, Luke Wolfe, Richard R. Gurski, Guilherme M. Campos

Erschienen in: Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery | Ausgabe 1/2019

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Abstract

Background

Compared to non-surgical weight loss (Diet), weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) results in greater rates of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) resolution. Changes in bile acid physiology and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling are suspected mediators of postoperative NASH improvement. Recent experimental evidence suggests that upregulation of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) activity might also impact NASH improvement. As FXR partly regulates PPARα, we compared resolution of NASH and changes in hepatic PPARα and FXR gene expression following Diet and RYGB.

Methods

We searched the Gene Expression Omnibus database to identify human studies with liver biopsies containing genomic data and histologic NASH features, at baseline and after Diet or RYGB. Microarray data were extracted for PPARα and FXR gene expression analyses using GEOquery R package v.2.42.0.

Results

We identified one study (GSE83452) where patients underwent either Diet (n = 29) or RYGB (n = 25). NASH prevalence was similar at baseline (Diet 76% versus RYGB 60%, P = ns). After 1 year, NASH resolved in 93.3% of RYGB but only in 27.3% of Diet (P < 0.001). Hepatic PPARα and FXR gene expression increased only after RYGB (P < 0.001). These changes were also found when analyzing only patients that resolved NASH (P < 0.01), and patients without NASH at baseline and follow-up (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Compared to Diet, RYGB results in greater NASH resolution with concurrent upregulation of hepatic PPARα and FXR. Our findings point to concurrent PPARα and FXR activation, triggered by RYGB, as a potential mechanism to improve NASH.
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Metadaten
Titel
Concomitant PPARα and FXR Activation as a Putative Mechanism of NASH Improvement after Gastric Bypass Surgery: a GEO Datasets Analysis
verfasst von
Guilherme S. Mazzini
Jad Khoraki
Mikhail Dozmorov
Matthew G. Browning
Dayanjan Wijesinghe
Luke Wolfe
Richard R. Gurski
Guilherme M. Campos
Publikationsdatum
11.09.2018
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery / Ausgabe 1/2019
Print ISSN: 1091-255X
Elektronische ISSN: 1873-4626
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-018-3938-z

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