Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Die Dermatologie 6/2022

27.04.2022 | Herpesviren | Leitthema

Hautveränderungen bei COVID-19 und nach COVID-19-Impfung

verfasst von: Dr. med. Manuel Reinhart, Dieter Metze, Stephan A. Braun

Erschienen in: Die Dermatologie | Ausgabe 6/2022

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) ist eine durch SARS-CoV‑2 (schweres akutes respiratorisches Syndrom Coronavirus-2) verursachte Systemerkrankung, die häufig mit Hautmanifestationen einhergeht. Die 5 häufigsten Hautläsionen sind der Pseudo-Chilblain sowie makulopapulöse, urtikarielle, vesikuläre und livedoartige/nekrotisierende Hautveränderungen. Diese Hautläsionen haben eine diagnostische und prognostische Relevanz. So können beispielsweise bei Kindern typische Hautläsionen auf ein lebensbedrohliches inflammatorisches Syndrom hinweisen, das selten nach einer Corona-Infektion auftritt. Auch nach COVID-19-Impfungen wurden Hautveränderungen beschrieben. Diese zeigen meist einen komplikationslosen, selbstlimitierenden Verlauf und stellen daher in den allermeisten Fällen keine Kontraindikation zur Komplettierung des Impfstatus dar.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Andina D, Belloni-Fortina A, Bodemer C, Bonifazi E, Chiriac A, Colmenero I, Diociaiuti A, El-Hachem M, Fertitta L, van Gysel D, Hernández-Martín A, Hubiche T, Luca C, Martos-Cabrera L, Maruani A, Mazzotta F, Akkaya AD, Casals M, Ferrando J, Grimalt R, Grozdev I, Kinsler V, Morren MA, Munisami M, Nanda A, Novoa MP, Ott H, Pasmans S, Salavastru C, Zawar V, Torrelo A, COVID-19, T. E. G. for the S. M. (2021a) Skin manifestations of COVID-19 in children: Part 1. Clin Exp Dermatol 46:444–450CrossRef Andina D, Belloni-Fortina A, Bodemer C, Bonifazi E, Chiriac A, Colmenero I, Diociaiuti A, El-Hachem M, Fertitta L, van Gysel D, Hernández-Martín A, Hubiche T, Luca C, Martos-Cabrera L, Maruani A, Mazzotta F, Akkaya AD, Casals M, Ferrando J, Grimalt R, Grozdev I, Kinsler V, Morren MA, Munisami M, Nanda A, Novoa MP, Ott H, Pasmans S, Salavastru C, Zawar V, Torrelo A, COVID-19, T. E. G. for the S. M. (2021a) Skin manifestations of COVID-19 in children: Part 1. Clin Exp Dermatol 46:444–450CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Andina D, Belloni-Fortina A, Bodemer C, Bonifazi E, Chiriac A, Colmenero I, Diociaiuti A, El-Hachem M, Fertitta L, van Gysel D, Hernández-Martín A, Hubiche T, Luca C, Martos-Cabrera L, Maruani A, Mazzotta F, Akkaya AD, Casals M, Ferrando J, Grimalt R, Grozdev I, Kinsler V, Morren MA, Munisami M, Nanda A, Novoa MP, Ott H, Pasmans S, Salavastru C, Zawar V, Torrelo A, COVID-19, T. E. G. for the S. M. (2021b) Skin manifestations of COVID-19 in children: Part 2. Clin Exp Dermatol 46:451–461CrossRef Andina D, Belloni-Fortina A, Bodemer C, Bonifazi E, Chiriac A, Colmenero I, Diociaiuti A, El-Hachem M, Fertitta L, van Gysel D, Hernández-Martín A, Hubiche T, Luca C, Martos-Cabrera L, Maruani A, Mazzotta F, Akkaya AD, Casals M, Ferrando J, Grimalt R, Grozdev I, Kinsler V, Morren MA, Munisami M, Nanda A, Novoa MP, Ott H, Pasmans S, Salavastru C, Zawar V, Torrelo A, COVID-19, T. E. G. for the S. M. (2021b) Skin manifestations of COVID-19 in children: Part 2. Clin Exp Dermatol 46:451–461CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Andina D, Belloni-Fortina A, Bodemer C, Bonifazi E, Chiriac A, Colmenero I, Diociaiuti A, El-Hachem M, Fertitta L, van Gysel D, Hernández-Martín A, Hubiche T, Luca C, Martos-Cabrera L, Maruani A, Mazzotta F, Akkaya AD, Casals M, Ferrando J, Grimalt R, Grozdev I, Kinsler V, Morren MA, Munisami M, Nanda A, Novoa MP, Ott H, Pasmans S, Salavastru C, Zawar V, Torrelo A, COVID-19, T. E. G. for the S. M. (2021c) Skin manifestations of COVID-19 in children: Part 3. Clin Exp Dermatol 46:462–472CrossRef Andina D, Belloni-Fortina A, Bodemer C, Bonifazi E, Chiriac A, Colmenero I, Diociaiuti A, El-Hachem M, Fertitta L, van Gysel D, Hernández-Martín A, Hubiche T, Luca C, Martos-Cabrera L, Maruani A, Mazzotta F, Akkaya AD, Casals M, Ferrando J, Grimalt R, Grozdev I, Kinsler V, Morren MA, Munisami M, Nanda A, Novoa MP, Ott H, Pasmans S, Salavastru C, Zawar V, Torrelo A, COVID-19, T. E. G. for the S. M. (2021c) Skin manifestations of COVID-19 in children: Part 3. Clin Exp Dermatol 46:462–472CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Aram K, Patil A, Goldust M, Rajabi F (2021) COVID-19 and exacerbation of dermatological diseases: a review of the available literature. Dermatol Ther 34:e15113CrossRef Aram K, Patil A, Goldust M, Rajabi F (2021) COVID-19 and exacerbation of dermatological diseases: a review of the available literature. Dermatol Ther 34:e15113CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Arkin LM, Moon JJ, Tran JM, Asgari S, Farrelly CO, Casanova J, Cowen EW, Mays JW, Singh AM (2021) From your nose to your toes: a review of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 pandemic—associated pernio. J Invest Dermatol 141(12):2791–2796CrossRef Arkin LM, Moon JJ, Tran JM, Asgari S, Farrelly CO, Casanova J, Cowen EW, Mays JW, Singh AM (2021) From your nose to your toes: a review of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 pandemic—associated pernio. J Invest Dermatol 141(12):2791–2796CrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Baden LR, El Sahly HM, Essink B, Kotloff K, Frey S, Novak R, Diemert D, Spector SA, Rouphael N, Creech CB, McGettigan J, Khetan S, Segall N, Solis J, Brosz A, Fierro C, Schwartz H, Neuzil K, Corey L, Gilbert P, Janes H, Follmann D, Marovich M, Mascola J, Polakowski L, Ledgerwood J, Graham BS, Bennett H, Pajon R, Knightly C, Leav B, Deng W, Zhou H, Han S, Ivarsson M, Miller J, Zaks T (2020) Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-coV‑2 vaccine. N Engl J Med 384:403–416CrossRef Baden LR, El Sahly HM, Essink B, Kotloff K, Frey S, Novak R, Diemert D, Spector SA, Rouphael N, Creech CB, McGettigan J, Khetan S, Segall N, Solis J, Brosz A, Fierro C, Schwartz H, Neuzil K, Corey L, Gilbert P, Janes H, Follmann D, Marovich M, Mascola J, Polakowski L, Ledgerwood J, Graham BS, Bennett H, Pajon R, Knightly C, Leav B, Deng W, Zhou H, Han S, Ivarsson M, Miller J, Zaks T (2020) Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-coV‑2 vaccine. N Engl J Med 384:403–416CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Banerji A, Wickner PG, Saff R, Stone CA, Robinson LB, Long AA, Wolfson AR, Williams P, Khan DA, Phillips E, Blumenthal KG (2021) mRNA vaccines to prevent COVID-19 disease and reported allergic reactions: current evidence and suggested approach. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 9:1423–1437CrossRef Banerji A, Wickner PG, Saff R, Stone CA, Robinson LB, Long AA, Wolfson AR, Williams P, Khan DA, Phillips E, Blumenthal KG (2021) mRNA vaccines to prevent COVID-19 disease and reported allergic reactions: current evidence and suggested approach. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 9:1423–1437CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Blumenthal KG, Freeman EE, Saff RR, Robinson LB, Wolfson AR, Foreman RK, Hashimoto D, Banerji A, Li L, Anvari S, Shenoy ES (2021) Delayed large local reactions to mRNA-1273 vaccine against SARS-CoV‑2. N Engl J Med 384:1273–1277CrossRef Blumenthal KG, Freeman EE, Saff RR, Robinson LB, Wolfson AR, Foreman RK, Hashimoto D, Banerji A, Li L, Anvari S, Shenoy ES (2021) Delayed large local reactions to mRNA-1273 vaccine against SARS-CoV‑2. N Engl J Med 384:1273–1277CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Capalbo A, Giordano D, Gagliostro N, Balampanos CG, Persechino F, Orrù F, Persechino S (2021) Alopecia areata in a COVID-19 patient: a case report. Dermatol Ther 34:e14685–e14685CrossRef Capalbo A, Giordano D, Gagliostro N, Balampanos CG, Persechino F, Orrù F, Persechino S (2021) Alopecia areata in a COVID-19 patient: a case report. Dermatol Ther 34:e14685–e14685CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Cappel MA, Cappel JA, Wetter DA (2021) Pernio (chilblains), SARS-CoV‑2, and COVID toes unified through cutaneous and systemic mechanisms. Mayo Clin Proc 96:989–1005CrossRef Cappel MA, Cappel JA, Wetter DA (2021) Pernio (chilblains), SARS-CoV‑2, and COVID toes unified through cutaneous and systemic mechanisms. Mayo Clin Proc 96:989–1005CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Casas D, Catal A, Fern D (2020) Classification of the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19: a rapid prospective nationwide consensus study in Spain with 375 cases. Br J Dermatol 183(1):71–77CrossRef Casas D, Catal A, Fern D (2020) Classification of the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19: a rapid prospective nationwide consensus study in Spain with 375 cases. Br J Dermatol 183(1):71–77CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Català A, Muñoz-Santos C, Galván-Casas C, Roncero Riesco M, Revilla Nebreda D, Solá-Truyols A, Giavedoni P, Llamas-Velasco M, González-Cruz C, Cubiró X, Ruíz-Villaverde R, Gómez-Armayones S, Mateo GMP, Pesqué D, Marcantonio O, Fernández-Nieto D, Romaní J, Iglesias PN, Carnero Gonzalez L, Tercedor-Sanchez J, Carretero G, Masat-Ticó T, Rodríguez-Jiménez P, Gimenez-Arnau AM, Utrera-Busquets M, Vargas Laguna E, Angulo Menéndez AG, San Juan Lasser E, Iglesias-Sancho M, Naranjo AL, Hiltun I, Cutillas ME, Polimon Olabarrieta I, Marinero Escobedo S, García-Navarro X, Calderón Gutiérrez MJ, Baeza-Hernández G, Bou Camps L, Toledo-Pastrana T, Guilabert A (2022) Cutaneous reactions after SARS-CoV‑2 vaccination: a cross-sectional Spanish nationwide study of 405 cases. Br J Dermatol 186:142–152CrossRef Català A, Muñoz-Santos C, Galván-Casas C, Roncero Riesco M, Revilla Nebreda D, Solá-Truyols A, Giavedoni P, Llamas-Velasco M, González-Cruz C, Cubiró X, Ruíz-Villaverde R, Gómez-Armayones S, Mateo GMP, Pesqué D, Marcantonio O, Fernández-Nieto D, Romaní J, Iglesias PN, Carnero Gonzalez L, Tercedor-Sanchez J, Carretero G, Masat-Ticó T, Rodríguez-Jiménez P, Gimenez-Arnau AM, Utrera-Busquets M, Vargas Laguna E, Angulo Menéndez AG, San Juan Lasser E, Iglesias-Sancho M, Naranjo AL, Hiltun I, Cutillas ME, Polimon Olabarrieta I, Marinero Escobedo S, García-Navarro X, Calderón Gutiérrez MJ, Baeza-Hernández G, Bou Camps L, Toledo-Pastrana T, Guilabert A (2022) Cutaneous reactions after SARS-CoV‑2 vaccination: a cross-sectional Spanish nationwide study of 405 cases. Br J Dermatol 186:142–152CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Wei Y, Xia J, Yu T, Zhang X, Zhang L (2020) Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet 395:507–513CrossRef Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Wei Y, Xia J, Yu T, Zhang X, Zhang L (2020) Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet 395:507–513CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Daneshgaran G, Dubin DP, Gould DJ (2020) Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19: an evidence-based review. Am J Clin Dermatol 21(5):627–639CrossRef Daneshgaran G, Dubin DP, Gould DJ (2020) Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19: an evidence-based review. Am J Clin Dermatol 21(5):627–639CrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Fathy RA, McMahon DE, Lee C, Chamberlin GC, Rosenbach M, Lipoff JB, Tyagi A, Desai SR, French LE, Lim HW, Thiers BH, Hruza GJ, Fassett M, Fox LP, Greenberg HL, Blumenthal K, Freeman EE (2022) Varicella-zoster and herpes simplex virus reactivation post-COVID-19 vaccination: a review of 40 cases in an International Dermatology Registry. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 36:e6–e9CrossRef Fathy RA, McMahon DE, Lee C, Chamberlin GC, Rosenbach M, Lipoff JB, Tyagi A, Desai SR, French LE, Lim HW, Thiers BH, Hruza GJ, Fassett M, Fox LP, Greenberg HL, Blumenthal K, Freeman EE (2022) Varicella-zoster and herpes simplex virus reactivation post-COVID-19 vaccination: a review of 40 cases in an International Dermatology Registry. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 36:e6–e9CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Fernandez-Nieto D, Jimenez-Cauhe J, Ortega-Quijano D, Diaz-Guimaraens B, Dominguez-Santas M, Martinez-Rubio J (2020) Transverse leukonychia (Mees’ lines) nail alterations in a COVID-19 patient. Dermatol Ther 33:e13863CrossRef Fernandez-Nieto D, Jimenez-Cauhe J, Ortega-Quijano D, Diaz-Guimaraens B, Dominguez-Santas M, Martinez-Rubio J (2020) Transverse leukonychia (Mees’ lines) nail alterations in a COVID-19 patient. Dermatol Ther 33:e13863CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Gambichler T, Boms S, Susok L, Dickel H, Finis C, Rached AN, Barras M, Stücker M, Kasakovski D (2021) Cutaneous findings following COVID-19 vaccination: review of world literature and own experience. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 36(2):172–180CrossRef Gambichler T, Boms S, Susok L, Dickel H, Finis C, Rached AN, Barras M, Stücker M, Kasakovski D (2021) Cutaneous findings following COVID-19 vaccination: review of world literature and own experience. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 36(2):172–180CrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Hamming I, Timens W, Bulthuis MLC, Lely AT, Navis GJ, van Goor H (2004) Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis. J Pathol 203:631–637CrossRef Hamming I, Timens W, Bulthuis MLC, Lely AT, Navis GJ, van Goor H (2004) Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis. J Pathol 203:631–637CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Ionescu M‑A (2022) COVID-19 skin lesions are rarely positive at RT-PCR test: the macrophage activation with vascular impact and SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine storm. Int J Dermatol 61:3–6CrossRef Ionescu M‑A (2022) COVID-19 skin lesions are rarely positive at RT-PCR test: the macrophage activation with vascular impact and SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine storm. Int J Dermatol 61:3–6CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Joob B, Wiwanitkit V (2020) COVID-19 can present with a rash and be mistaken for dengue. J Am Acad Dermatol 82(5):e177CrossRef Joob B, Wiwanitkit V (2020) COVID-19 can present with a rash and be mistaken for dengue. J Am Acad Dermatol 82(5):e177CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Le Cleach L, Dousset L, Assier H, Fourati S, Barbarot S, Boulard C, Bourseau Quetier C, Cambon L, Cazanave C, Colin A, Kostrzewa E, Lesort C, Levy Roy A, Lombart F, Marco-Bonnet J, Monfort J‑B, Samimi M, Tardieu M, Wolkenstein P, Sbidian E, Beylot-Barry M, Dermatology, the F. S. of (2020) Most chilblains observed during the COVID-19 outbreak occur in patients who are negative for COVID-19 on polymerase chain reaction and serology testing. Br J Dermatol 183:866–874CrossRef Le Cleach L, Dousset L, Assier H, Fourati S, Barbarot S, Boulard C, Bourseau Quetier C, Cambon L, Cazanave C, Colin A, Kostrzewa E, Lesort C, Levy Roy A, Lombart F, Marco-Bonnet J, Monfort J‑B, Samimi M, Tardieu M, Wolkenstein P, Sbidian E, Beylot-Barry M, Dermatology, the F. S. of (2020) Most chilblains observed during the COVID-19 outbreak occur in patients who are negative for COVID-19 on polymerase chain reaction and serology testing. Br J Dermatol 183:866–874CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Li M‑Y, Li L, Zhang Y, Wang X‑S (2020) Expression of the SARS-CoV‑2 cell receptor gene ACE2 in a wide variety of human tissues. Infect Dis Poverty 9:45CrossRef Li M‑Y, Li L, Zhang Y, Wang X‑S (2020) Expression of the SARS-CoV‑2 cell receptor gene ACE2 in a wide variety of human tissues. Infect Dis Poverty 9:45CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Lu R, Zhao X, Li J, Niu P, Yang B, Wu H, Wang W, Song H, Huang B, Zhu N, Bi Y, Ma X, Zhan F, Wang L, Hu T, Zhou H, Hu Z, Zhou W, Zhao L, Chen J, Meng Y, Wang J, Lin Y, Yuan J, Xie Z, Ma J, Liu WJ, Wang D, Xu W, Holmes EC, Gao GF, Wu G, Chen W, Shi W, Tan W (2020) Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. Lancet 395:565–574CrossRef Lu R, Zhao X, Li J, Niu P, Yang B, Wu H, Wang W, Song H, Huang B, Zhu N, Bi Y, Ma X, Zhan F, Wang L, Hu T, Zhou H, Hu Z, Zhou W, Zhao L, Chen J, Meng Y, Wang J, Lin Y, Yuan J, Xie Z, Ma J, Liu WJ, Wang D, Xu W, Holmes EC, Gao GF, Wu G, Chen W, Shi W, Tan W (2020) Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. Lancet 395:565–574CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Magro C, Mulvey JJ, Berlin D, Nuovo G, Salvatore S, Harp J, Baxter-Stoltzfus A, Laurence J (2020) Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: a report of five cases. Transl Res 220:1–13CrossRef Magro C, Mulvey JJ, Berlin D, Nuovo G, Salvatore S, Harp J, Baxter-Stoltzfus A, Laurence J (2020) Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: a report of five cases. Transl Res 220:1–13CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Magro C, Nuovo G, Mulvey JJ, Laurence J, Harp J, Crowson AN (2021) The skin as a critical window in unveiling the pathophysiologic principles of COVID-19. Clin Dermatol 39(6):934–965CrossRef Magro C, Nuovo G, Mulvey JJ, Laurence J, Harp J, Crowson AN (2021) The skin as a critical window in unveiling the pathophysiologic principles of COVID-19. Clin Dermatol 39(6):934–965CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat McMahon DE, Amerson E, Rosenbach M, Lipoff JB, Moustafa D, Tyagi A, Desai SR, French LE, Lim HW, Thiers BH, Hruza GJ, Blumenthal KG, Fox LP, Freeman EE (2021) Cutaneous reactions reported after Moderna and Pfizer COVID-19 vaccination: a registry-based study of 414 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol 85:46–55CrossRef McMahon DE, Amerson E, Rosenbach M, Lipoff JB, Moustafa D, Tyagi A, Desai SR, French LE, Lim HW, Thiers BH, Hruza GJ, Blumenthal KG, Fox LP, Freeman EE (2021) Cutaneous reactions reported after Moderna and Pfizer COVID-19 vaccination: a registry-based study of 414 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol 85:46–55CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat McMahon DE, Kovarik CL, Damsky W, Rosenbach M, Lipoff JB, Tyagi A, Chamberlin G, Fathy R, Nazarian RM, Desai SR, Lim HW, Thiers BH, Hruza GJ, French LE, Blumenthal K, Fox LP, Freeman EE (2022) Clinical and pathologic correlation of cutaneous COVID-19 vaccine reactions including V‑REPP: a registry-based study. J Am Acad Dermatol 86:113–121CrossRef McMahon DE, Kovarik CL, Damsky W, Rosenbach M, Lipoff JB, Tyagi A, Chamberlin G, Fathy R, Nazarian RM, Desai SR, Lim HW, Thiers BH, Hruza GJ, French LE, Blumenthal K, Fox LP, Freeman EE (2022) Clinical and pathologic correlation of cutaneous COVID-19 vaccine reactions including V‑REPP: a registry-based study. J Am Acad Dermatol 86:113–121CrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Nuno-Gonzalez A, Magaletsky K, Feito Rodríguez M, Mayor Ibarguren A, Beato MJ, Ruiz Bravo E, Pinto HP (2021) Palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia: a diagnostic sign of COVID-19. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 35:e247–e249CrossRef Nuno-Gonzalez A, Magaletsky K, Feito Rodríguez M, Mayor Ibarguren A, Beato MJ, Ruiz Bravo E, Pinto HP (2021) Palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia: a diagnostic sign of COVID-19. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 35:e247–e249CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Preda-Naumescu A, Penney K, Pearlman RL, Brodell RT, Daniel CR, Nahar VK (2021) Nail Manifestations in COVID-19: Insight into a Systemic Viral Disease. Ski Appendage Disord 7:433–438CrossRef Preda-Naumescu A, Penney K, Pearlman RL, Brodell RT, Daniel CR, Nahar VK (2021) Nail Manifestations in COVID-19: Insight into a Systemic Viral Disease. Ski Appendage Disord 7:433–438CrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Saglietto A, D’Ascenzo F, Zoccai GB, De Ferrari GM (2020) COVID-19 in Europe: the Italian lesson. Lancet 395:1110–1111CrossRef Saglietto A, D’Ascenzo F, Zoccai GB, De Ferrari GM (2020) COVID-19 in Europe: the Italian lesson. Lancet 395:1110–1111CrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Sánchez-Velázquez A, Falkenhain D, Rivera Díaz R (2020) Erythema multiforme in the context of SARS-Coronavirus‑2 infection. Med Clin (Barc) 155:141CrossRef Sánchez-Velázquez A, Falkenhain D, Rivera Díaz R (2020) Erythema multiforme in the context of SARS-Coronavirus‑2 infection. Med Clin (Barc) 155:141CrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Shavit R, Maoz-Segal R, Iancovici-Kidon M, Offengenden I, Haj Yahia S, Machnes MD, Lifshitz-Tunitsky Y, Niznik S, Frizinsky S, Deutch M, Elbaz E, Genaim H, Rahav G, Levy I, Belkin A, Regev-Yochay G, Afek A, Agmon-Levin N (2021) Prevalence of allergic reactions after Pfizer-bioNtech COVID-19 vaccination among adults with high allergy risk. JAMA Netw Open 4:e2122255CrossRef Shavit R, Maoz-Segal R, Iancovici-Kidon M, Offengenden I, Haj Yahia S, Machnes MD, Lifshitz-Tunitsky Y, Niznik S, Frizinsky S, Deutch M, Elbaz E, Genaim H, Rahav G, Levy I, Belkin A, Regev-Yochay G, Afek A, Agmon-Levin N (2021) Prevalence of allergic reactions after Pfizer-bioNtech COVID-19 vaccination among adults with high allergy risk. JAMA Netw Open 4:e2122255CrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Tan SW, Tam C, Oh CC (2020) Skin manifestations of COVID-19 : a worldwide review. JAAD Int 2:119–133CrossRef Tan SW, Tam C, Oh CC (2020) Skin manifestations of COVID-19 : a worldwide review. JAAD Int 2:119–133CrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Toubiana J, Poirault C, Corsia A, Bajolle F, Fourgeaud J, Angoulvant F, Debray A, Basmaci R, Salvador E, Biscardi S, Frange P, Chalumeau M, Casanova J‑L, Cohen JF, Allali S (2020) Kawasaki-like multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the covid-19 pandemic in Paris, France: prospective observational study. BMJ 369:m2094CrossRef Toubiana J, Poirault C, Corsia A, Bajolle F, Fourgeaud J, Angoulvant F, Debray A, Basmaci R, Salvador E, Biscardi S, Frange P, Chalumeau M, Casanova J‑L, Cohen JF, Allali S (2020) Kawasaki-like multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the covid-19 pandemic in Paris, France: prospective observational study. BMJ 369:m2094CrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Visconti AD, Bataille V, Rossi ND, Kluk J, Murphy R, Puig SD, Nambi R, Bowyer RCE, Murray B, Bournot A, Wolf J, Ourselin S, Steves CJD, Spector TD, Falchi MD (2021) Diagnostic value of cutaneous manifestation of SARS-CoV‑2 infection. Br J Dermatol 184(5):880–887CrossRef Visconti AD, Bataille V, Rossi ND, Kluk J, Murphy R, Puig SD, Nambi R, Bowyer RCE, Murray B, Bournot A, Wolf J, Ourselin S, Steves CJD, Spector TD, Falchi MD (2021) Diagnostic value of cutaneous manifestation of SARS-CoV‑2 infection. Br J Dermatol 184(5):880–887CrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Xue X, Mi Z, Wang Z, Pang Z, Liu H, Zhang F (2021) High expression of ACE2 on keratinocytes reveals skin as a potential target for SARS-CoV‑2. J Invest Dermatol 141:206–209.e1CrossRef Xue X, Mi Z, Wang Z, Pang Z, Liu H, Zhang F (2021) High expression of ACE2 on keratinocytes reveals skin as a potential target for SARS-CoV‑2. J Invest Dermatol 141:206–209.e1CrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, Zhao X, Huang B, Shi W, Lu R, Niu P, Zhan F, Ma X, Wang D, Xu W, Wu G, Gao GF, Tan W (2020) A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med 382:727–733CrossRef Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, Zhao X, Huang B, Shi W, Lu R, Niu P, Zhan F, Ma X, Wang D, Xu W, Wu G, Gao GF, Tan W (2020) A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med 382:727–733CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Hautveränderungen bei COVID-19 und nach COVID-19-Impfung
verfasst von
Dr. med. Manuel Reinhart
Dieter Metze
Stephan A. Braun
Publikationsdatum
27.04.2022
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Dermatologie / Ausgabe 6/2022
Print ISSN: 2731-7005
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7013
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-022-04991-w

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 6/2022

Die Dermatologie 6/2022 Zur Ausgabe

Einführung zum Thema

Virusinfektionen der Haut

Wie lautet Ihre Diagnose?

Was färbt hier die Haut grau?

Leitlinien kompakt für die Dermatologie

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Update Dermatologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.