Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports 1/2022

25.11.2021 | COVID-19 | The Global Epidemic (S Vermund, Section Editor) Zur Zeit gratis

Socioeconomic Burdens of the COVID-19 Pandemic on LMIC Populations with Increased HIV Vulnerabilities

verfasst von: Leigh McClarty, Lisa Lazarus, Daria Pavlova, Sushena Reza-Paul, Olga Balakireva, Joshua Kimani, Tetiana Tarasova, Robert Lorway, Marissa L. Becker, Lyle R. McKinnon

Erschienen in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports | Ausgabe 1/2022

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose of Review

To review the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and its public health response on key populations at risk of HIV infection, with a focus on sex workers.

Recent Findings

Since last year several groups have documented how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the livelihoods and health of sex workers. We focus on case studies from Kenya, Ukraine, and India and place these in the broader global context of sex worker communities, drawing on common themes that span geographies.

Summary

COVID-19-associated lockdowns have significantly disrupted sex work, leading to economic and health challenges for sex workers, ranging from HIV-related services to mental health and exposure to violence. Several adaptations have been undertaken by sex workers and frontline workers, including migration, a move to mobile services, and struggling to find economic supports. Strengthening community-based responses for future pandemics and other shocks is critical to safeguard the health of marginalized populations.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Bonanad C, García-Blas S, Tarazona-Santabalbina F, Sanchis J, Bertomeu-González V, Fácila L, et al. The effect of age on mortality in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis with 611,583 subjects. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020;21:915–8.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Bonanad C, García-Blas S, Tarazona-Santabalbina F, Sanchis J, Bertomeu-González V, Fácila L, et al. The effect of age on mortality in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis with 611,583 subjects. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020;21:915–8.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Ssentongo P, Ssentongo AE, Heilbrunn ES, Ba DM, Chinchilli VM. Association of cardiovascular disease and 10 other pre-existing comorbidities with COVID-19 mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. Public Library of Science; 2020;15:e0238215.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Ssentongo P, Ssentongo AE, Heilbrunn ES, Ba DM, Chinchilli VM. Association of cardiovascular disease and 10 other pre-existing comorbidities with COVID-19 mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. Public Library of Science; 2020;15:e0238215.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Mellor MM, Bast AC, Jones NR, Roberts NW, Ordóñez-Mena JM, Reith AJM, et al. Risk of adverse coronavirus disease 2019 outcomes for people living with HIV. AIDS. 2021;35:F1–10.PubMedCrossRef Mellor MM, Bast AC, Jones NR, Roberts NW, Ordóñez-Mena JM, Reith AJM, et al. Risk of adverse coronavirus disease 2019 outcomes for people living with HIV. AIDS. 2021;35:F1–10.PubMedCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Ssentongo P, Heilbrunn ES, Ssentongo AE, Advani S, Chinchilli VM, Nunez JJ, et al. Epidemiology and outcomes of COVID-19 in HIV-infected individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. Nature Publishing Group; 2021;11:6283–312.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Ssentongo P, Heilbrunn ES, Ssentongo AE, Advani S, Chinchilli VM, Nunez JJ, et al. Epidemiology and outcomes of COVID-19 in HIV-infected individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. Nature Publishing Group; 2021;11:6283–312.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Raifman MA, Raifman JR. Disparities in the population at risk of severe illness from COVID-19 by race/ethnicity and income. Am J Prev Med. 2020;59:137–9.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Raifman MA, Raifman JR. Disparities in the population at risk of severe illness from COVID-19 by race/ethnicity and income. Am J Prev Med. 2020;59:137–9.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Shadmi E, Chen Y, Dourado I, Faran-Perach I, Furler J, Hangoma P, et al. Health equity and COVID-19: global perspectives. Int J Equity Health. BioMed Central; 2020;19:104–16.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Shadmi E, Chen Y, Dourado I, Faran-Perach I, Furler J, Hangoma P, et al. Health equity and COVID-19: global perspectives. Int J Equity Health. BioMed Central; 2020;19:104–16.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Ahmad A, Chung R, Eckenwiler L, Ganguli-Mitra A, Hunt M, Richards R, et al. What does it mean to be made vulnerable in the era of COVID-19? Lancet. 2020;395:1481–2.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Ahmad A, Chung R, Eckenwiler L, Ganguli-Mitra A, Hunt M, Richards R, et al. What does it mean to be made vulnerable in the era of COVID-19? Lancet. 2020;395:1481–2.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Lancet T. Redefining vulnerability in the era of COVID-19. Lancet. 2020;395:1089.CrossRef Lancet T. Redefining vulnerability in the era of COVID-19. Lancet. 2020;395:1089.CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Corburn J, Vlahov D, Mberu B, Riley L, Caiaffa WT, Rashid SF, et al. Slum health: arresting COVID-19 and improving well-being in urban informal settlements. J Urban Health. Springer US; 2020;97:348–57.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Corburn J, Vlahov D, Mberu B, Riley L, Caiaffa WT, Rashid SF, et al. Slum health: arresting COVID-19 and improving well-being in urban informal settlements. J Urban Health. Springer US; 2020;97:348–57.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Hargreaves J, Davey C. Group for lessons from pandemic HIV prevention for the COVID-19 response. Three lessons for the COVID-19 response from pandemic HIV. Lancet HIV. 2020;7:e309-11.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Hargreaves J, Davey C. Group for lessons from pandemic HIV prevention for the COVID-19 response. Three lessons for the COVID-19 response from pandemic HIV. Lancet HIV. 2020;7:e309-11.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
14.
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Pareek M, Bangash MN, Pareek N, Pan D, Sze S, Minhas JS, et al. Ethnicity and COVID-19: an urgent public health research priority. Lancet. 2020;395:1421–2.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Pareek M, Bangash MN, Pareek N, Pan D, Sze S, Minhas JS, et al. Ethnicity and COVID-19: an urgent public health research priority. Lancet. 2020;395:1421–2.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Lesko CR, Bengtson AM. HIV and COVID-19: intersecting epidemics with many unknowns. Am J Epidemiol. 2021;190:10–6.PubMedCrossRef Lesko CR, Bengtson AM. HIV and COVID-19: intersecting epidemics with many unknowns. Am J Epidemiol. 2021;190:10–6.PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat UNAIDS. Miles to go - closing gaps, breaking barriers, righting injustices. Geneva: UNAIDS; 2018. UNAIDS. Miles to go - closing gaps, breaking barriers, righting injustices. Geneva: UNAIDS; 2018.
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Balestri R, Magnano M, Rizzoli L, Infusino SD, Urbani F, Rech G. STIs and the COVID-19 pandemic: the lockdown does not stop sexual infections. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2020;34:e766-8.PubMedCrossRef Balestri R, Magnano M, Rizzoli L, Infusino SD, Urbani F, Rech G. STIs and the COVID-19 pandemic: the lockdown does not stop sexual infections. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2020;34:e766-8.PubMedCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Heerfordt IM. STIs during the first and second wave of COVID-19 in Denmark. Sex Transm Infect; 2021. Online ahead of print. Heerfordt IM. STIs during the first and second wave of COVID-19 in Denmark. Sex Transm Infect; 2021. Online ahead of print.
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Mulenga LB, Hines JZ, Fwoloshi S, Chirwa L, Siwingwa M, Yingst S, et al. Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in six districts in Zambia in July, 2020: a cross-sectional cluster sample survey. Lancet Glob Health. 2021;9:e773–81.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Mulenga LB, Hines JZ, Fwoloshi S, Chirwa L, Siwingwa M, Yingst S, et al. Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in six districts in Zambia in July, 2020: a cross-sectional cluster sample survey. Lancet Glob Health. 2021;9:e773–81.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Shaw JA, Meiring M, Cummins T, Chegou NN, Claassen C, Du Plessis N, et al. Higher SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in workers with lower socioeconomic status in Cape Town. South Africa PLoS ONE. Public Library of Science; 2021;16:e0247852.PubMedCrossRef Shaw JA, Meiring M, Cummins T, Chegou NN, Claassen C, Du Plessis N, et al. Higher SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in workers with lower socioeconomic status in Cape Town. South Africa PLoS ONE. Public Library of Science; 2021;16:e0247852.PubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Adetifa IMO, Uyoga S, Gitonga JN, Mugo D, Otiende M, Nyagwange J, et al. Temporal trends of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in transfusion blood donors during the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in Kenya. medRxiv. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; 2021;2021.02.09.21251404. Adetifa IMO, Uyoga S, Gitonga JN, Mugo D, Otiende M, Nyagwange J, et al. Temporal trends of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in transfusion blood donors during the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in Kenya. medRxiv. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; 2021;2021.02.09.21251404.
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Chibwana MG, Jere KC, Kamn’gona R, Mandolo J, Katunga-Phiri V, Tembo D, et al. High SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Health Care Workers but relatively low numbers of deaths in urban Malawi. medRxiv. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Preprints; 2020. Chibwana MG, Jere KC, Kamn’gona R, Mandolo J, Katunga-Phiri V, Tembo D, et al. High SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Health Care Workers but relatively low numbers of deaths in urban Malawi. medRxiv. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Preprints; 2020.
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Reza-Paul S, Lazarus L, Haldar P, Reza Paul M, Lakshmi B, Ramaiah M, et al. Community action for people with HIV and sex workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in India. WHO South East Asia. J Public Health. 2020;9:104–6. Reza-Paul S, Lazarus L, Haldar P, Reza Paul M, Lakshmi B, Ramaiah M, et al. Community action for people with HIV and sex workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in India. WHO South East Asia. J Public Health. 2020;9:104–6.
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Jozaghi E, Bird L. COVID-19 and sex workers: human rights, the struggle for safety and minimum income. Can J Public Health. Springer International Publishing; 2020;111:406–7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Jozaghi E, Bird L. COVID-19 and sex workers: human rights, the struggle for safety and minimum income. Can J Public Health. Springer International Publishing; 2020;111:406–7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Gichuna S, Hassan R, Sanders T, Campbell R, Mutonyi M, Mwangi P. Access to healthcare in a time of COVID-19: sex workers in crisis in Nairobi, Kenya. Glob Public Health. Taylor & Francis; 2020;15:1430–42.PubMedCrossRef Gichuna S, Hassan R, Sanders T, Campbell R, Mutonyi M, Mwangi P. Access to healthcare in a time of COVID-19: sex workers in crisis in Nairobi, Kenya. Glob Public Health. Taylor & Francis; 2020;15:1430–42.PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Kimani J, Adhiambo J, Kasiba R, Mwangi P, Were V, Mathenge J, et al. The effects of COVID-19 on the health and socio-economic security of sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya: Emerging intersections with HIV. Glob Public Health. Taylor & Francis; 2020;15:1073–82.PubMedCrossRef Kimani J, Adhiambo J, Kasiba R, Mwangi P, Were V, Mathenge J, et al. The effects of COVID-19 on the health and socio-economic security of sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya: Emerging intersections with HIV. Glob Public Health. Taylor & Francis; 2020;15:1073–82.PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat World Health Organization. Pulse survey on continuity of essential health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interim report. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020. World Health Organization. Pulse survey on continuity of essential health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interim report. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020.
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Tran NT, Tappis H, Spilotros N, Krause S, Knaster S, Inter-Agency Working Group on Reproductive Health in Crises. Not a luxury: a call to maintain sexual and reproductive health in humanitarian and fragile settings during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet Glob Health. 2020;8:e760-1.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Tran NT, Tappis H, Spilotros N, Krause S, Knaster S, Inter-Agency Working Group on Reproductive Health in Crises. Not a luxury: a call to maintain sexual and reproductive health in humanitarian and fragile settings during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet Glob Health. 2020;8:e760-1.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Shoptaw S, Goodman-Meza D, Landovitz RJ. Collective call to action for HIV/AIDS community-based collaborative science in the era of COVID-19. AIDS Behav. Springer US; 2020;24:2013–6.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Shoptaw S, Goodman-Meza D, Landovitz RJ. Collective call to action for HIV/AIDS community-based collaborative science in the era of COVID-19. AIDS Behav. Springer US; 2020;24:2013–6.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Tang K, Gaoshan J, Ahonsi B, Ali M, Bonet M, Broutet N, et al. Sexual and reproductive health (SRH): a key issue in the emergency response to the coronavirus disease (COVID- 19) outbreak. Reprod Health. BioMed Central; 2020;17:59–63.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Tang K, Gaoshan J, Ahonsi B, Ali M, Bonet M, Broutet N, et al. Sexual and reproductive health (SRH): a key issue in the emergency response to the coronavirus disease (COVID- 19) outbreak. Reprod Health. BioMed Central; 2020;17:59–63.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Verster A, Macdonald V, Luhmann N. WHO guidance on COVID-19 specific to key populations. Key populations: Evidence in action webinar series: LINKAGES and EpiC; 2020. Verster A, Macdonald V, Luhmann N. WHO guidance on COVID-19 specific to key populations. Key populations: Evidence in action webinar series: LINKAGES and EpiC; 2020.
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Shannon K, Strathdee SA, Goldenberg SM, Duff P, Mwangi P, Rusakova M, et al. Global epidemiology of HIV among female sex workers: influence of structural determinants. Lancet. 2015;385:55–71.PubMedCrossRef Shannon K, Strathdee SA, Goldenberg SM, Duff P, Mwangi P, Rusakova M, et al. Global epidemiology of HIV among female sex workers: influence of structural determinants. Lancet. 2015;385:55–71.PubMedCrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Baral S, Beyrer C, Muessig K, Poteat T, Wirtz AL, Decker MR, et al. Burden of HIV among female sex workers in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2012;12:538–49.PubMedCrossRef Baral S, Beyrer C, Muessig K, Poteat T, Wirtz AL, Decker MR, et al. Burden of HIV among female sex workers in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2012;12:538–49.PubMedCrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Oldenburg CE, Perez-Brumer AG, Reisner SL, Mattie J, Bärnighausen T, Mayer KH, et al. Global burden of HIV among men who engage in transactional sex: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2014;9:e103549.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Oldenburg CE, Perez-Brumer AG, Reisner SL, Mattie J, Bärnighausen T, Mayer KH, et al. Global burden of HIV among men who engage in transactional sex: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2014;9:e103549.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
43.
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Deering KN, Amin A, Shoveller J, Nesbitt A, Garcia-Moreno C, Duff P, et al. A systematic review of the correlates of violence against sex workers. Am J Public Health. American Public Health Association; 2014;104:e42-54.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Deering KN, Amin A, Shoveller J, Nesbitt A, Garcia-Moreno C, Duff P, et al. A systematic review of the correlates of violence against sex workers. Am J Public Health. American Public Health Association; 2014;104:e42-54.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Shannon K, Csete J. Violence, condom negotiation, and HIV/STI risk among sex workers. JAMA. American Medical Association; 2010;304:573–4.PubMedCrossRef Shannon K, Csete J. Violence, condom negotiation, and HIV/STI risk among sex workers. JAMA. American Medical Association; 2010;304:573–4.PubMedCrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Andrews MA, Areekal B, Rajesh KR, Krishnan J, Suryakala R, Krishnan B, et al. First confirmed case of COVID-19 infection in India: a case report. Indian J Med Res. 2020;151:490–2.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Andrews MA, Areekal B, Rajesh KR, Krishnan J, Suryakala R, Krishnan B, et al. First confirmed case of COVID-19 infection in India: a case report. Indian J Med Res. 2020;151:490–2.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
48.
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Sardar S, Abdul-Khaliq I, Ingar A, Amaidia H, Mansour N. COVID-19 lockdown: a protective measure or exacerbator of health inequalities? A comparison between the United Kingdom and India. a commentary on “the socio-economic implications of the coronavirus and COVID-19 pandemic: A review.” Int J Surg. 2020;83:189–91.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Sardar S, Abdul-Khaliq I, Ingar A, Amaidia H, Mansour N. COVID-19 lockdown: a protective measure or exacerbator of health inequalities? A comparison between the United Kingdom and India. a commentary on “the socio-economic implications of the coronavirus and COVID-19 pandemic: A review.” Int J Surg. 2020;83:189–91.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Mukherjee S. Disparities, desperation, and divisiveness: Coping with COVID-19 in India. Psychol Trauma. 2020;12:582–4.PubMedCrossRef Mukherjee S. Disparities, desperation, and divisiveness: Coping with COVID-19 in India. Psychol Trauma. 2020;12:582–4.PubMedCrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Golechha M. COVID-19, India, lockdown and psychosocial challenges: What next? Int J Soc Psychiatry. SAGE Publications Sage UK: London, England; 2020;66:830–2.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Golechha M. COVID-19, India, lockdown and psychosocial challenges: What next? Int J Soc Psychiatry. SAGE Publications Sage UK: London, England; 2020;66:830–2.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Reza-Paul S, Kumar PN, Lazarus L, Reza Paul M, Pasha A, Ramaiah M, Lorway R, Sundararaman S. From vulnerability to resilience: sex workers fight COVID-19. In: Pachauri S, Pachauri A, editors. Health dimensions of COVID-19 in India and Beyond. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd; 2021. [In Press]. Reza-Paul S, Kumar PN, Lazarus L, Reza Paul M, Pasha A, Ramaiah M, Lorway R, Sundararaman S. From vulnerability to resilience: sex workers fight COVID-19. In: Pachauri S, Pachauri A, editors. Health dimensions of COVID-19 in India and Beyond. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd; 2021. [In Press].
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Reza-Paul, S. From vulnerability to resilience: The story of a sex worker organization in managing community health. Presentation at the Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko and Institute for Global Public Health online discussion on “Specifics of policymaking to address HIV/STBBI among commercial sex workers and their clients in the complex contexts of conflict and the pandemic’’. 2021. http://uisr.org.ua/news/36/184.html: Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko 2021. Accessed 16 May 2021. Reza-Paul, S. From vulnerability to resilience: The story of a sex worker organization in managing community health. Presentation at the Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko and Institute for Global Public Health online discussion on “Specifics of policymaking to address HIV/STBBI among commercial sex workers and their clients in the complex contexts of conflict and the pandemic’’. 2021. http://​uisr.​org.​ua/​news/​36/​184.​html: Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko 2021. Accessed 16 May 2021.
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Jana S, Basu I, Rotheram-Borus MJ, Newman PA. The Sonagachi Project: a sustainable community intervention program. AIDS Educ Prev. Guilford Publications Inc; 2004;16:405–14.PubMedCrossRef Jana S, Basu I, Rotheram-Borus MJ, Newman PA. The Sonagachi Project: a sustainable community intervention program. AIDS Educ Prev. Guilford Publications Inc; 2004;16:405–14.PubMedCrossRef
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Reza-Paul S, Beattie T, Syed HUR, Venukumar KT, Venugopal MS, Fathima MP, et al. Declines in risk behaviour and sexually transmitted infection prevalence following a community-led HIV preventive intervention among female sex workers in Mysore. India AIDS. 2008;22(Suppl 5):S91-100.PubMedCrossRef Reza-Paul S, Beattie T, Syed HUR, Venukumar KT, Venugopal MS, Fathima MP, et al. Declines in risk behaviour and sexually transmitted infection prevalence following a community-led HIV preventive intervention among female sex workers in Mysore. India AIDS. 2008;22(Suppl 5):S91-100.PubMedCrossRef
59.
64.
Zurück zum Zitat UNOCHA. Ukraine: Situation Report. New York: United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs; 2021. UNOCHA. Ukraine: Situation Report. New York: United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs; 2021.
65.
Zurück zum Zitat United Nations Ukraine. Assessment of the Socio-Economic Impact of COVID-19 in Ukraine. Kyiv: United Nations; 2020. United Nations Ukraine. Assessment of the Socio-Economic Impact of COVID-19 in Ukraine. Kyiv: United Nations; 2020.
66.
Zurück zum Zitat European Asylum Support Office. Ukraine FFM report – Healthcare Reform and Economic Accessibility: Medical Country of Origin Information Report. Valetta, Malta: EASO, 2021. European Asylum Support Office. Ukraine FFM report – Healthcare Reform and Economic Accessibility: Medical Country of Origin Information Report. Valetta, Malta: EASO, 2021.
67.
Zurück zum Zitat Alliance for Public Health, #SoS_project 2021, Matahari. COVID-19 response and impact on HIV and TB services, 2021. Alliance for Public Health, #SoS_project 2021, Matahari. COVID-19 response and impact on HIV and TB services, 2021.
68.
Zurück zum Zitat Libanova E, Makarova O, Cherenko L, Tkachenko L, Palii O. Social protection and social inclusion in Ukraine. Kyiv: Ukrainian Centre for Social Reforms, 2009. Libanova E, Makarova O, Cherenko L, Tkachenko L, Palii O. Social protection and social inclusion in Ukraine. Kyiv: Ukrainian Centre for Social Reforms, 2009.
69.
Zurück zum Zitat Tarasova T. Бap’єpи тa пpoблeми дocтyпy дo мeдикo-coцiaльниx пocлyг ceкc-пpaцiвникiв в Укpaїнi [Barriers and problems of access to medical and social services among sex wokrers in Ukraine]. Presentation at the Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko and Institute for Global Public Health online discussion on “Specifics of policymaking to address HIV/STBBI among commercial sex workers and their clients in the complex contexts of conflict and the pandemic”. 2021. http://uisr.org.ua/news/36/184.html: Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko 2021. Accessed 2 June 2021. Tarasova T. Бap’єpи тa пpoблeми дocтyпy дo мeдикo-coцiaльниx пocлyг ceкc-пpaцiвникiв в Укpaїнi [Barriers and problems of access to medical and social services among sex wokrers in Ukraine]. Presentation at the Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko and Institute for Global Public Health online discussion on “Specifics of policymaking to address HIV/STBBI among commercial sex workers and their clients in the complex contexts of conflict and the pandemic”. 2021. http://​uisr.​org.​ua/​news/​36/​184.​html: Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko 2021. Accessed 2 June 2021.
70.
Zurück zum Zitat Sharapova A. Блaгoдiйнa opгaнiзaцiя “Xapкiвcький блaгoдiйний фoнд “Блaгo” [Charitable organization “Kharkiv charitable fund Blago”]. Presentation at the Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko and Institute for Global Public Health online discussion on ‘Specifics of policymaking to address HIV/STBBI among commercial sex workers and their clients in the complex contexts of conflict and the pandemic’. 2021. http://uisr.org.ua/news/36/184.html: Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko; 2021. Accessed 2 June 2021. Sharapova A. Блaгoдiйнa opгaнiзaцiя “Xapкiвcький блaгoдiйний фoнд “Блaгo” [Charitable organization “Kharkiv charitable fund Blago”]. Presentation at the Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko and Institute for Global Public Health online discussion on ‘Specifics of policymaking to address HIV/STBBI among commercial sex workers and their clients in the complex contexts of conflict and the pandemic’. 2021. http://​uisr.​org.​ua/​news/​36/​184.​html: Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko; 2021. Accessed 2 June 2021.
71.
Zurück zum Zitat Bondarenko M. Bплив пaндeмiї COVID-19 нa cфepy ceкc-бiзнecy в Пoлтaвcькiй oблacтi: БO «Cвiтлo нaдiї» [The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sex business in the Poltava oblast: Charitable Organization “Light of hope”]. Presentation at the Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko and Institute for Global Public Health online discussion on ‘Specifics of policymaking to address HIV/STBBI among commercial sex workers and their clients in the complex contexts of conflict and the pandemic’. 2021. http://uisr.org.ua/news/36/184.html: Ukrainian Institute of Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko; 2021. Accessed 2 June 2021. Bondarenko M. Bплив пaндeмiї COVID-19 нa cфepy ceкc-бiзнecy в Пoлтaвcькiй oблacтi: БO «Cвiтлo нaдiї» [The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sex business in the Poltava oblast: Charitable Organization “Light of hope”]. Presentation at the Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko and Institute for Global Public Health online discussion on ‘Specifics of policymaking to address HIV/STBBI among commercial sex workers and their clients in the complex contexts of conflict and the pandemic’. 2021. http://​uisr.​org.​ua/​news/​36/​184.​html: Ukrainian Institute of Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko; 2021. Accessed 2 June 2021.
72.
Zurück zum Zitat Semikop T. Bплив пaндeмiї COVID-19 нa cфepy ceкc-бiзнecy в м. Oдeca [The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sex business in Odessa]. Presentation at the Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko and Institute for Global Public Health online discussion on “Specifics of policymaking to address HIV/STBBI among commercial sex workers and their clients in the complex contexts of conflict and the pandemic”. 2021. http://uisr.org.ua/news/36/184.html: Ukrainian Institute of Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko; 2021. Accessed 2 June 2021. Semikop T. Bплив пaндeмiї COVID-19 нa cфepy ceкc-бiзнecy в м. Oдeca [The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sex business in Odessa]. Presentation at the Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko and Institute for Global Public Health online discussion on “Specifics of policymaking to address HIV/STBBI among commercial sex workers and their clients in the complex contexts of conflict and the pandemic”. 2021. http://​uisr.​org.​ua/​news/​36/​184.​html: Ukrainian Institute of Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko; 2021. Accessed 2 June 2021.
73.
Zurück zum Zitat Dotsenko N. Блaгoдiйнa opгaнiзaцiя «Блaгoдiйний фoнд «Cпoдiвaння» [Charitable organization «Charitable foundation «Spodivannya»]. Presentation at the Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko and Institute for Global Public Health online discussion on “Specifics of policymaking to address HIV/STBBI among commercial sex workers and their clients in the complex contexts of conflict and the pandemic”. 2021. http://uisr.org.ua/news/36/184.html: Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko; 2021. Accessed 2 June 2021. Dotsenko N. Блaгoдiйнa opгaнiзaцiя «Блaгoдiйний фoнд «Cпoдiвaння» [Charitable organization «Charitable foundation «Spodivannya»]. Presentation at the Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko and Institute for Global Public Health online discussion on “Specifics of policymaking to address HIV/STBBI among commercial sex workers and their clients in the complex contexts of conflict and the pandemic”. 2021. http://​uisr.​org.​ua/​news/​36/​184.​html: Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko; 2021. Accessed 2 June 2021.
74.
Zurück zum Zitat Cheuk E, Leung S, Balakireva O, et al. Risk and place: The association between hotspot typology and determinants of HIV risk among female sex workers in Ukraine. STI & HIV 2019 World Congress 2019. Vancouver, Canada; 2019. Cheuk E, Leung S, Balakireva O, et al. Risk and place: The association between hotspot typology and determinants of HIV risk among female sex workers in Ukraine. STI & HIV 2019 World Congress 2019. Vancouver, Canada; 2019.
75.
Zurück zum Zitat Makarenko O. Ocoбливocтi нaдaння ceкc-пocлyг y Boлинcькiй oблacтi [Specifics of sex work in Volyn oblast]. Presentation at the Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko and Institute for Global Public Health online discussion on “Specifics of policymaking to address HIV/STBBI among commercial sex workers and their clients in the complex contexts of conflict and the pandemic” . 2021. http://uisr.org.ua/news/36/184.html: Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko; 2021. Accessed 2 June 2021. Makarenko O. Ocoбливocтi нaдaння ceкc-пocлyг y Boлинcькiй oблacтi [Specifics of sex work in Volyn oblast]. Presentation at the Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko and Institute for Global Public Health online discussion on “Specifics of policymaking to address HIV/STBBI among commercial sex workers and their clients in the complex contexts of conflict and the pandemic” . 2021. http://​uisr.​org.​ua/​news/​36/​184.​html: Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Oleksandr Yaremenko; 2021. Accessed 2 June 2021.
76.
Zurück zum Zitat Reza-Paul S, Lorway R, O’Brien N, Lazarus L, Jain J, Bhagya M, et al. Sex worker-led structural interventions in India: a case study on addressing violence in HIV prevention through the Ashodaya Samithi collective in Mysore. Indian J Med Res. Wolters Kluwer -- Medknow Publications; 2012;135:98–106.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Reza-Paul S, Lorway R, O’Brien N, Lazarus L, Jain J, Bhagya M, et al. Sex worker-led structural interventions in India: a case study on addressing violence in HIV prevention through the Ashodaya Samithi collective in Mysore. Indian J Med Res. Wolters Kluwer -- Medknow Publications; 2012;135:98–106.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
77.
Zurück zum Zitat Lorway R, Lazarus L, Chevrier C, Khan S, Musyoki HK, Mathenge J, et al. Ecologies of security: On the everyday security tactics of female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya. Glob Public Health. Taylor & Francis; 2018;13:1767–80.PubMedCrossRef Lorway R, Lazarus L, Chevrier C, Khan S, Musyoki HK, Mathenge J, et al. Ecologies of security: On the everyday security tactics of female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya. Glob Public Health. Taylor & Francis; 2018;13:1767–80.PubMedCrossRef
78.
Zurück zum Zitat Mantell JE, Franks J, Lahuerta M, Omollo D, Zerbe A, Hawken M, et al. Life in the balance: young female sex workers in Kenya weigh the risks of COVID-19 and HIV. AIDS Behav. Springer US; 2021;25:1323–30.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Mantell JE, Franks J, Lahuerta M, Omollo D, Zerbe A, Hawken M, et al. Life in the balance: young female sex workers in Kenya weigh the risks of COVID-19 and HIV. AIDS Behav. Springer US; 2021;25:1323–30.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
79.
Zurück zum Zitat Odinga MM, Kuria S, Muindi O, Mwakazi P, Njraini M, Melon M, et al. HIV testing amid COVID-19: community efforts to reach men who have sex with men in three Kenyan counties. Gates Open Res. F1000 Research Limited; 2020;4:117.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Odinga MM, Kuria S, Muindi O, Mwakazi P, Njraini M, Melon M, et al. HIV testing amid COVID-19: community efforts to reach men who have sex with men in three Kenyan counties. Gates Open Res. F1000 Research Limited; 2020;4:117.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
80.
Zurück zum Zitat Tago A, McKinnon LR, Wanjiru T, Muriuki F, Munyao J, Gakii G, et al. Declines in HIV prevalence in female sex workers accessing an HIV treatment and prevention programme in Nairobi, Kenya over a 10-year period. AIDS. 2021;35:317–24.PubMedCrossRef Tago A, McKinnon LR, Wanjiru T, Muriuki F, Munyao J, Gakii G, et al. Declines in HIV prevalence in female sex workers accessing an HIV treatment and prevention programme in Nairobi, Kenya over a 10-year period. AIDS. 2021;35:317–24.PubMedCrossRef
81.
Zurück zum Zitat Callander D, Meunier É, DeVeau R, Grov C, Donovan B, Minichiello V, et al. Sex workers are returning to work and require enhanced support in the face of COVID-19: results from a longitudinal analysis of online sex work activity and a content analysis of safer sex work guidelines. Sex Health. CSIRO PUBLISHING; 2020;17:384–6.PubMedCrossRef Callander D, Meunier É, DeVeau R, Grov C, Donovan B, Minichiello V, et al. Sex workers are returning to work and require enhanced support in the face of COVID-19: results from a longitudinal analysis of online sex work activity and a content analysis of safer sex work guidelines. Sex Health. CSIRO PUBLISHING; 2020;17:384–6.PubMedCrossRef
82.
Zurück zum Zitat Macharia P, Moore S, Mathenge J, Ndunda E, Lazarus L, McKinnon LR, et al. Sexual health among Kenyan male sex workers in a time of COVID-19: Health Education Journal. London: SAGE Publications Sage UK; 2020. Macharia P, Moore S, Mathenge J, Ndunda E, Lazarus L, McKinnon LR, et al. Sexual health among Kenyan male sex workers in a time of COVID-19: Health Education Journal. London: SAGE Publications Sage UK; 2020.
83.
84.
Zurück zum Zitat Tan RKJ, Lim JM, Lo JJ-M, Teo AKJ, O’Hara CA, Ching AH, et al. Conducting rapid qualitative research to support sex workers’ health and social needs in the face of COVID-19: capitalising on stakeholder networks from the HIV response in Singapore to drive policymaking. Sex Transm Infect. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd; 2021;97:84–4.PubMedCrossRef Tan RKJ, Lim JM, Lo JJ-M, Teo AKJ, O’Hara CA, Ching AH, et al. Conducting rapid qualitative research to support sex workers’ health and social needs in the face of COVID-19: capitalising on stakeholder networks from the HIV response in Singapore to drive policymaking. Sex Transm Infect. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd; 2021;97:84–4.PubMedCrossRef
85.
Zurück zum Zitat Rogers BG, Paradis-Burnett A, Nagel K, et al. Sex workers and syndemics: A population vulnerable to HIV and COVID-19. Arch Sex Behav 2021; 50(5): 2007–16 Rogers BG, Paradis-Burnett A, Nagel K, et al. Sex workers and syndemics: A population vulnerable to HIV and COVID-19. Arch Sex Behav 2021; 50(5): 2007–16
86.
Zurück zum Zitat Singer R, Crooks N, Johnson AK, Lutnick A, Matthews A. COVID-19 prevention and protecting sex workers: a call to action. Arch Sex Behav. Springer US; 2020;49:2739–41.PubMedCrossRef Singer R, Crooks N, Johnson AK, Lutnick A, Matthews A. COVID-19 prevention and protecting sex workers: a call to action. Arch Sex Behav. Springer US; 2020;49:2739–41.PubMedCrossRef
87.
Zurück zum Zitat Janyam S, Phuengsamran D, Pangnongyang J, Saripra W, Jitwattanapataya L, Songsamphan C, et al. Protecting sex workers in Thailand during the COVID-19 pandemic: opportunities to build back better. WHO South East Asia J Public Health. Medknow Publications; 2020;9:100–3.PubMedCrossRef Janyam S, Phuengsamran D, Pangnongyang J, Saripra W, Jitwattanapataya L, Songsamphan C, et al. Protecting sex workers in Thailand during the COVID-19 pandemic: opportunities to build back better. WHO South East Asia J Public Health. Medknow Publications; 2020;9:100–3.PubMedCrossRef
88.
Zurück zum Zitat Kawala BA, Kirui BK, Cumber SN. Why policy action should focus on the vulnerable commercial sex workers in Uganda during COVID-19 fight. Pan Afr Med J. 2020;35:102.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Kawala BA, Kirui BK, Cumber SN. Why policy action should focus on the vulnerable commercial sex workers in Uganda during COVID-19 fight. Pan Afr Med J. 2020;35:102.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
89.
Zurück zum Zitat Machingura F, Chabata ST, Busza J, et al. Potential reduction in female sex workers' risk of contracting HIV during coronavirus disease 2019. AIDS 2021; 35(11): 1871–2. Machingura F, Chabata ST, Busza J, et al. Potential reduction in female sex workers' risk of contracting HIV during coronavirus disease 2019. AIDS 2021; 35(11): 1871–2.
90.
Zurück zum Zitat Iversen J, Sabin K, Chang J, Morgan-Thomas R, Prestage G, Strathdee SA, et al. COVID-19, HIV and key populations: cross-cutting issues and the need for population-specific responses. J Int AIDS Soc. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2020;23:e25632.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Iversen J, Sabin K, Chang J, Morgan-Thomas R, Prestage G, Strathdee SA, et al. COVID-19, HIV and key populations: cross-cutting issues and the need for population-specific responses. J Int AIDS Soc. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2020;23:e25632.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
91.
Zurück zum Zitat Jacobson L, Regan A, Heidari S, Onyango MA. Transactional sex in the wake of COVID-19: sexual and reproductive health and rights of the forcibly displaced. Sex Reprod Health Matters. Taylor & Francis; 2020;28:1822493.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Jacobson L, Regan A, Heidari S, Onyango MA. Transactional sex in the wake of COVID-19: sexual and reproductive health and rights of the forcibly displaced. Sex Reprod Health Matters. Taylor & Francis; 2020;28:1822493.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
92.
Zurück zum Zitat Callander D, Meunier É, DeVeau R, Grov C, Donovan B, Minichiello V, et al. Investigating the effects of COVID-19 on global male sex work populations: a longitudinal study of digital data. Sex Transm Infect. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd; 2021;97:93–8.PubMedCrossRef Callander D, Meunier É, DeVeau R, Grov C, Donovan B, Minichiello V, et al. Investigating the effects of COVID-19 on global male sex work populations: a longitudinal study of digital data. Sex Transm Infect. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd; 2021;97:93–8.PubMedCrossRef
93.
Zurück zum Zitat Adebisi YA, Alaran AJ, Akinokun RT, Micheal AI, Ilesanmi EB, Lucero-Prisno DE. Sex workers should not be forgotten in Africa’s COVID-19 response. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020;103:1780–2.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Adebisi YA, Alaran AJ, Akinokun RT, Micheal AI, Ilesanmi EB, Lucero-Prisno DE. Sex workers should not be forgotten in Africa’s COVID-19 response. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020;103:1780–2.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
95.
Zurück zum Zitat Joint Statement: Sex workers must not be left behind in the response to COVID-19 [press release]. Geneva: UNAIDS; 2020. Joint Statement: Sex workers must not be left behind in the response to COVID-19 [press release]. Geneva: UNAIDS; 2020.
96.
Zurück zum Zitat Chakraborty R, Ramaprasad H. “They are starving”: women in India’s sex industry struggle for survival. The Guardian. 2020. Chakraborty R, Ramaprasad H. “They are starving”: women in India’s sex industry struggle for survival. The Guardian. 2020.
97.
Zurück zum Zitat Spiegel PB, Bennedsen AR, Claass J, Bruns L, Patterson N, Yiweza D, et al. Prevalence of HIV infection in conflict-affected and displaced people in seven sub-Saharan African countries: a systematic review. Lancet. 2007;369:2187–95.PubMedCrossRef Spiegel PB, Bennedsen AR, Claass J, Bruns L, Patterson N, Yiweza D, et al. Prevalence of HIV infection in conflict-affected and displaced people in seven sub-Saharan African countries: a systematic review. Lancet. 2007;369:2187–95.PubMedCrossRef
98.
Zurück zum Zitat Vasylyeva TI, Liulchuk M, Friedman SR, Sazonova I, Faria NR, Katzourakis A, et al. Molecular epidemiology reveals the role of war in the spread of HIV in Ukraine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. National Academy of Sciences; 2018;115:1051–6.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Vasylyeva TI, Liulchuk M, Friedman SR, Sazonova I, Faria NR, Katzourakis A, et al. Molecular epidemiology reveals the role of war in the spread of HIV in Ukraine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. National Academy of Sciences; 2018;115:1051–6.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
99.
Zurück zum Zitat Claborn DM. A Narrative review of the role of economic crisis on health and healthcare infrastructure in three disparate national environments. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; 2020;17:1252.PubMedCentralCrossRef Claborn DM. A Narrative review of the role of economic crisis on health and healthcare infrastructure in three disparate national environments. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; 2020;17:1252.PubMedCentralCrossRef
100.
Zurück zum Zitat Alam K, Mahal A. Economic impacts of health shocks on households in low and middle income countries: a review of the literature. Glob Health. BioMed Central; 2014;10:21–18.CrossRef Alam K, Mahal A. Economic impacts of health shocks on households in low and middle income countries: a review of the literature. Glob Health. BioMed Central; 2014;10:21–18.CrossRef
101.
Zurück zum Zitat Raker EJ, Zacher M, Lowe SR. Lessons from Hurricane Katrina for predicting the indirect health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. National Academy of Sciences; 2020;117:12595–7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Raker EJ, Zacher M, Lowe SR. Lessons from Hurricane Katrina for predicting the indirect health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. National Academy of Sciences; 2020;117:12595–7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
102.
Zurück zum Zitat Low AJ, Frederix K, McCracken S, Manyau S, Gummerson E, Radin E, et al. Association between severe drought and HIV prevention and care behaviors in Lesotho: a population-based survey 2016–2017. PLoS Med. Public Library of Science; 2019;16:e1002727.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Low AJ, Frederix K, McCracken S, Manyau S, Gummerson E, Radin E, et al. Association between severe drought and HIV prevention and care behaviors in Lesotho: a population-based survey 2016–2017. PLoS Med. Public Library of Science; 2019;16:e1002727.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
103.
Zurück zum Zitat Benach J, Díaz MR, Muñoz NJ, Martínez-Herrera E, Pericàs JM. What the Puerto Rican hurricanes make visible: chronicle of a public health disaster foretold. Soc Sci Med. 2019;238:112367.PubMedCrossRef Benach J, Díaz MR, Muñoz NJ, Martínez-Herrera E, Pericàs JM. What the Puerto Rican hurricanes make visible: chronicle of a public health disaster foretold. Soc Sci Med. 2019;238:112367.PubMedCrossRef
106.
Zurück zum Zitat Oppenheim B, Gallivan M, Madhav NK, Brown N, Serhiyenko V, Wolfe ND, et al. Assessing global preparedness for the next pandemic: development and application of an Epidemic Preparedness Index. BMJ Glob Health. 2019;4:e001157.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Oppenheim B, Gallivan M, Madhav NK, Brown N, Serhiyenko V, Wolfe ND, et al. Assessing global preparedness for the next pandemic: development and application of an Epidemic Preparedness Index. BMJ Glob Health. 2019;4:e001157.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
108.
Zurück zum Zitat Davies AR, Homolova L, Grey CNB, Bellis MA. Health and mass unemployment events-developing a framework for preparedness and response. J Public Health (Oxf). 2019;41:665–73.CrossRef Davies AR, Homolova L, Grey CNB, Bellis MA. Health and mass unemployment events-developing a framework for preparedness and response. J Public Health (Oxf). 2019;41:665–73.CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Socioeconomic Burdens of the COVID-19 Pandemic on LMIC Populations with Increased HIV Vulnerabilities
verfasst von
Leigh McClarty
Lisa Lazarus
Daria Pavlova
Sushena Reza-Paul
Olga Balakireva
Joshua Kimani
Tetiana Tarasova
Robert Lorway
Marissa L. Becker
Lyle R. McKinnon
Publikationsdatum
25.11.2021
Verlag
Springer US
Schlagwort
COVID-19
Erschienen in
Current HIV/AIDS Reports / Ausgabe 1/2022
Print ISSN: 1548-3568
Elektronische ISSN: 1548-3576
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-021-00591-w

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2022

Current HIV/AIDS Reports 1/2022 Zur Ausgabe

The Global Epidemic (S Vermund, Section Editor)

HIV and SARS-CoV-2: Tracing a Path of Vaccine Research and Development

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Notfall-TEP der Hüfte ist auch bei 90-Jährigen machbar

26.04.2024 Hüft-TEP Nachrichten

Ob bei einer Notfalloperation nach Schenkelhalsfraktur eine Hemiarthroplastik oder eine totale Endoprothese (TEP) eingebaut wird, sollte nicht allein vom Alter der Patientinnen und Patienten abhängen. Auch über 90-Jährige können von der TEP profitieren.

Niedriger diastolischer Blutdruck erhöht Risiko für schwere kardiovaskuläre Komplikationen

25.04.2024 Hypotonie Nachrichten

Wenn unter einer medikamentösen Hochdrucktherapie der diastolische Blutdruck in den Keller geht, steigt das Risiko für schwere kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse: Darauf deutet eine Sekundäranalyse der SPRINT-Studie hin.

Bei schweren Reaktionen auf Insektenstiche empfiehlt sich eine spezifische Immuntherapie

Insektenstiche sind bei Erwachsenen die häufigsten Auslöser einer Anaphylaxie. Einen wirksamen Schutz vor schweren anaphylaktischen Reaktionen bietet die allergenspezifische Immuntherapie. Jedoch kommt sie noch viel zu selten zum Einsatz.

Therapiestart mit Blutdrucksenkern erhöht Frakturrisiko

25.04.2024 Hypertonie Nachrichten

Beginnen ältere Männer im Pflegeheim eine Antihypertensiva-Therapie, dann ist die Frakturrate in den folgenden 30 Tagen mehr als verdoppelt. Besonders häufig stürzen Demenzkranke und Männer, die erstmals Blutdrucksenker nehmen. Dafür spricht eine Analyse unter US-Veteranen.

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.