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Erschienen in: Die Nephrologie 3/2020

12.02.2020 | Diabetische Nephropathie | Leitthema

Geschlechtsunterschiede bei der diabetischen Nephropathie

verfasst von: PD Dr. I. Löffler, Prof. Dr. G. Wolf

Erschienen in: Die Nephrologie | Ausgabe 3/2020

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die Forderungen nach individualisierter und geschlechtsorientierter Medizin werden immer lauter. Es ist unbestritten, dass viele Erkrankungen die Geschlechter ungleich beeinflussen, dennoch gibt es teilweise große Diskrepanzen zwischen dem „typischen Patienten“ und dem „typischen Studiensubjekt“ in klinischen Zulassungsstudien. Auch bei der Entstehung und Progression der diabetischen Nephropathie (DN) könnten bestehende Geschlechtsunterschiede eine wichtige Rolle bei der Prophylaxe und Behandlung in der klinischen Praxis spielen.

Fragestellung

Zusammenfassung und Überblick der bisherigen und neuesten Erkenntnisse zu möglichen Geschlechtsunterschieden bei der DN und der Beteiligung der Sexualhormone und anderer Faktoren an der geschlechtsabhängigen Pathogenese.

Methoden

Dieser Beitrag basiert auf Reviews und Originalartikeln, die bis November 2019 publiziert wurden. Es wurde eine umfassende PubMed/MEDLINE-Recherche mit Schlüsselwörtern in jeweils unterschiedlichen Suchkombinationen durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion

Im Gegensatz zu nichtdiabetischen Nierenerkrankungen wird bei der DN weiterhin kontrovers diskutiert, welches Geschlecht einen potenziellen Risikofaktor darstellt. Es scheinen viele Faktoren, wie Diabetestyp, Dauer der Erkrankung, Alter bei Auftreten der Erkrankung oder Sexualhormonhaushalt, eine Rolle dabei zu spielen, ob sich eine DN entwickelt und wie schwer sie verläuft. Tiefere Einblicke in geschlechtsabhängige Mechanismen in der Pathophysiologie der DN können von großem therapeutischen Nutzen sein und einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Individualmedizin leisten.
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Metadaten
Titel
Geschlechtsunterschiede bei der diabetischen Nephropathie
verfasst von
PD Dr. I. Löffler
Prof. Dr. G. Wolf
Publikationsdatum
12.02.2020
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Nephrologie / Ausgabe 3/2020
Print ISSN: 2731-7463
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7471
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11560-020-00409-7

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