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Erschienen in: Der Pneumologe 5/2014

01.09.2014 | Leitthema

Die Rolle der Schlafmedizin bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen

Schlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen – Teil 2

verfasst von: PD Dr. O. Oldenburg, T. Bitter, H. Fox, J. Spiesshöfer, A. Türoff, D. Horstkotte

Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Pneumologie | Ausgabe 5/2014

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Zusammenfassung

Schlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen (SBAS) rücken in den letzten Jahren immer mehr in den kardiologischen Fokus. Der obstruktiven Schlafapnoe (OSA) wird dabei immer mehr eine eigene Rolle bei der Entstehung und für die Prognose von Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen zugestanden. Die zentrale schlafbezogene Atmungsstörung (ZSA) und insbesondere die Cheyne-Stokes-Atmung (CSA) werden hingegen als Komorbidität mit unabhängiger prognostischer Bedeutung bei bereits kardial manifesten Erkrankungen angesehen. Durch Vereinfachung der SBAS-Diagnostik ist es dem Kardiologen möglich, SBAS durch ein Screening auszuschließen oder die Diagnose einer OSA bzw. ZSA/CSA mittels kardiorespiratorischer Polygraphie oder Polysomnographie zu stellen. Zudem werden diagnostische und auch therapeutische Verfahren mehr und mehr in die apparative kardiologische Untersuchung integriert, so ist ein Apnoe-Screening z. B. durch Langzeit-EKG-Aufzeichnung aber auch durch implantierbare elektrische Systeme wie Herzschrittmacher und Defibrillatoren mit mathematischer Mustererkennung aus den aufgezeichneten Signalen möglich. Durch intelligente automatische Beatmungsverfahren gelingt die Therapieeinleitung heute schneller und durch einen komplett transvenösen Zugang stehen neue potentielle Therapieoptionen zur Behandlung der bei kardiologischen Patienten häufigen CSA zur Verfügung. Bestätigt sich der Nutzen einer SBAS-Therapie bei Patienten mit kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen hinsichtlich harter Endpunkte, so müssen in Zukunft effektivere Wege zur SBAS-Diagnostik und -Therapie bei diesen Patienten gefunden werden.
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Metadaten
Titel
Die Rolle der Schlafmedizin bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen
Schlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen – Teil 2
verfasst von
PD Dr. O. Oldenburg
T. Bitter
H. Fox
J. Spiesshöfer
A. Türoff
D. Horstkotte
Publikationsdatum
01.09.2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Zeitschrift für Pneumologie / Ausgabe 5/2014
Print ISSN: 2731-7404
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7412
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10405-014-0794-8

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Insektenstiche sind bei Erwachsenen die häufigsten Auslöser einer Anaphylaxie. Einen wirksamen Schutz vor schweren anaphylaktischen Reaktionen bietet die allergenspezifische Immuntherapie. Jedoch kommt sie noch viel zu selten zum Einsatz.

Update Innere Medizin

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