nach oben

Current Heart Failure Reports

Erschienen in:

07.09.2023 | Review

Do Heart Failure Biomarkers Influence Heart Failure Treatment Response?

verfasst von: Tiffany Yuen, Pishoy Gouda, Robert Margaryan, Justin Ezekowitz

Erschienen in: Current Heart Failure Reports | Ausgabe 5/2023

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading causes of cardiac morbidity and mortality around the world. Our evolving understanding of the cellular and molecular pathways of HF has led to the identification and evaluation of a growing number of HF biomarkers. Natriuretic peptides remain the best studied and understood HF biomarkers, with demonstrated clinical utility in the diagnosis and prognostication of HF. Less commonly understood is the utility of HF biomarkers for guiding and monitoring treatment response. In this review, we outline the current HF biomarker landscape and identify novel biomarkers that have potential to influence HF treatment response.

Recent Findings

An increasing number of biomarkers have been identified through the study of HF mechanisms. While these biomarkers hold promise, they have not yet been proven to be effective in guiding HF therapy.

Summary

A more developed understanding of HF mechanisms has resulted in an increased number of available pharmacologic HF therapies. In the past, biomarkers have been useful for the diagnosis and prognostication of HF. Future evaluation on their use to guide pharmacologic therapy is ongoing, and there is promise that biomarker-guided therapy will allow clinicians to begin personalizing treatment for their HF patients.

Chair SY, Chan JYW, Waye MMY, Liu T, Law BMH, Chien WT. Exploration of potential genetic biomarkers for heart failure: a systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(11):5904. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115904CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Dokainish H, Teo K, Zhu J, et al. Heart failure in Africa, Asia, the Middle East and South America: the INTER-CHF study. Int J Cardiol. 2016;204:133–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.11.183CrossRefPubMed

Roger VL. Epidemiology of heart failure: a contemporary perspective. Circ Res. 2021;128(10):1421–34. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.318172CrossRefPubMed

Sarhene M, Wang Y, Wei J, et al. Biomarkers in heart failure: the past, current and future. Heart Fail Rev. 2019;24(6):867–903. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10741-019-09807-zCrossRefPubMed

GBD 2013 Mortality and causes of death collaborators. Global, regional, and national age–sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. The Lancet. 2015;385(9963):117–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2CrossRef

Ponikowski P, Anker SD, AlHabib KF, et al. Heart failure: preventing disease and death worldwide: Addressing heart failure. ESC Heart Fail. 2014;1(1):4–25. https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12005CrossRefPubMed

Emdin M, Vittorini S, Passino C, Clerico A. Old and new biomarkers of heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2009;11(4):331–5. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfp035CrossRefPubMed

Pellikka PA, She L, Holly TA, et al. Variability in ejection fraction measured By echocardiography, gated single-photon emission computed tomography, and cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction. JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(4):e181456. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.1456CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Triposkiadis F, Butler J, Abboud FM, et al. The continuous heart failure spectrum: moving beyond an ejection fraction classification. Eur Heart J. 2019;40(26):2155–63. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz158CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

10.

De Bold AJ. Atrial natriuretic factor: a hormone produced by the heart. Science. 1985;230(4727):767–70. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.2932797CrossRefPubMed

11.

Mukoyama M, Nakao K, Saito Y, et al. Increased human brain natriuretic peptide in congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1990;323(11):757–8. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199009133231114CrossRefPubMed

12.

Kuwahara K, Nakao K. Regulation and significance of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides as cardiac hormones. Endocr J. 2010;57(7):555–65. https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.K10E-150CrossRefPubMed

13.

Houben AJHM, Zander K, Leeuw PW. Vascular and renal actions of brain natriuretic peptide in man: physiology and pharmacology. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2005;19(4):411–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-8206.2005.00336.xCrossRefPubMed

14.

Nakagawa O, Ogawa Y, Itoh H, et al. Rapid transcriptional activation and early mRNA turnover of brain natriuretic peptide in cardiocyte hypertrophy. Evidence for brain natriuretic peptide as an. J Clin Invest. 1995;96(3):1280–7. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI118162CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

15.

Nishikimi T, Maeda N, Matsuoka H. The role of natriuretic peptides in cardioprotection. Cardiovasc Res. 2006;69(2):318–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.10.001CrossRefPubMed

16.

Yoshimura M, Yasue H, Ogawa H. Pathophysiological significance and clinical application of ANP and BNP in patients with heart failure. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2001;79(8):730–5.CrossRefPubMed

17.

McCullough PA, Hollander JE, Nowak RM, et al. Uncovering heart failure in patients with a history of pulmonary disease: rationale for the early use of B-type natriuretic peptide in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med. 2003;10(3):198–204. https://doi.org/10.1197/aemj.10.3.198CrossRefPubMed

18.

McCullough PA, Nowak RM, McCord J, et al. B-type natriuretic peptide and clinical judgment in emergency diagnosis of heart failure. Circulation. 2002;106(4):416–22. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000025242.79963.4CCrossRefPubMed

19.

Januzzi JL, Camargo CA, Anwaruddin S, et al. The N-terminal Pro-BNP Investigation of Dyspnea in the Emergency department (PRIDE) study. Am J Cardiol. 2005;95(8):948–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.12.032CrossRefPubMed

20.

Mueller T, Gegenhuber A, Poelz W, Haltmayer M. Head-to-head comparison of the diagnostic utility of BNP and NT-proBNP in symptomatic and asymptomatic structural heart disease. Clin Chim Acta. 2004;341(1):41–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cccn.2003.10.027CrossRefPubMed

21.

Rørth R, Jhund PS, Yilmaz MB, et al. Comparison of BNP and NT-proBNP in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Circ Heart Fail. 2020;13(2):e006541. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.119.006541CrossRefPubMed

22.

Pfister R, Scholz M, Wielckens K, Erdmann E, Schneider CA. Use of NT-proBNP in routine testing and comparison to BNP. Eur J Heart Fail. 2004;6(3):289–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejheart.2003.12.012CrossRefPubMed

23.

Brenden CK, Hollander JE, Guss D, et al. Gray zone BNP levels in heart failure patients in the emergency department: results from the rapid emergency department heart failure outpatient trial (REDHOT) multicenter study. Am Heart J. 2006;151(5):1006–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2005.10.017CrossRefPubMed

24.

Januzzi JL, Chen-Tournoux AA, Moe G. Amino-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide testing for the diagnosis or exclusion of heart failure in patients with acute symptoms. Am J Cardiol. 2008;101(3, Supplement):S29–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.11.017CrossRef

25.

Hildebrandt P, Collinson PO, Doughty RN, et al. Age-dependent values of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide are superior to a single cut-point for ruling out suspected systolic dysfunction in primary care†. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(15):1881–9. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehq163CrossRefPubMed

26.

Zaphiriou A, Robb S, Murray-Thomas T, et al. The diagnostic accuracy of plasma BNP and NTproBNP in patients referred from primary care with suspected heart failure: results of the UK natriuretic peptide study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2005;7(4):537–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejheart.2005.01.022CrossRefPubMed

27.

Fonarow GC, Peacock WF, Horwich TB, et al. Usefulness of B-type natriuretic peptide and cardiac troponin levels to predict in-hospital mortality from ADHERE. Am J Cardiol. 2008;101(2):231–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.07.066CrossRefPubMed

28.

Kociol RD, Horton JR, Fonarow GC, et al. Admission, discharge, or change in B-type natriuretic peptide and long-term outcomes. Circ Heart Fail. 2011;4(5):628–36. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.111.962290CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

29.

Kagiyama N, Kitai T, Hayashida A, et al. Prognostic value of BNP reduction during hospitalization in patients with acute heart failure. J Card Fail. 2019;25(9):712–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2019.04.004CrossRefPubMed

30.•

Patel AN, Southern WN. BNP-response to acute heart failure treatment identifies high-risk population. Heart Lung Circ. 2020;29(3):354–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2019.02.004. This study highlights the prognostic value of NT-proBNP and identifies a specific HF population that may benefit from therapies to reduce risk of 180-day mortality.CrossRefPubMed

31.

Latini R, Masson S, Anand I, et al. The comparative prognostic value of plasma neurohormones at baseline in patients with heart failure enrolled in Val-HeFT. Eur Heart J. 2004;25(4):292–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehj.2003.10.030CrossRefPubMed

32.

Hendricks S, Dykun I, Balcer B, Totzeck M, Rassaf T, Mahabadi AA. Higher BNP/NT-pro BNP levels stratify prognosis equally well in patients with and without heart failure: a meta-analysis. ESC Heart Fail. 2022;9(5):3198–209. https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.14019CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

33.

Chen H, Chhor M, Rayner BS, McGrath K, McClements L. Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of current biomarkers in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2021;114(12):793–804. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acvd.2021.10.007CrossRefPubMed

34.

Salzano A, Israr MZ, Yazaki Y, et al. Combined use of trimethylamine N-oxide with BNP for risk stratification in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: findings from the DIAMONDHFpEF study. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2020;27(19):2159–62. https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487319870355CrossRefPubMed

35.•

Liu X, Abudukeremu A, Yu P, et al. Usefulness of B-type natriuretic peptide for predicting the risk of stroke in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J Am Heart Assoc. 2022;11(15):e024302. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.121.024302. This study highlights the use of BNP for predicting the risk of stroke.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

36.

Omland T, Sabatine MS, Jablonski KA, et al. Prognostic value of B-type natriuretic peptides in patients with stable coronary artery disease: the PEACE trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50(3):205–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2007.03.038CrossRefPubMed

37.

deFilippi CR, Christenson RH, Gottdiener JS, Kop WJ, Seliger SL. Dynamic cardiovascular risk assessment in elderly people: the role of repeated N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide testing. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(5):441–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2009.07.069CrossRefPubMed

38.

Huelsmann M, Neuhold S, Resl M, et al. PONTIAC (NT-proBNP Selected PreventiOn of cardiac eveNts in a populaTion of dIabetic patients without A history of Cardiac disease): a prospective randomized controlled trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62(15):1365–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2013.05.069CrossRefPubMed

39.

Murdoch DR, McDonagh TA, Byrne J, et al. Titration of vasodilator therapy in chronic heart failure according to plasma brain natriuretic peptide concentration: randomized comparison of the hemodynamic and neuroendocrine effects of tailored versus empirical therapy. Am Heart J. 1999;138(6):1126–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8703(99)70079-7CrossRefPubMed

40.

Troughton RW, Frampton CM, Yandle TG, Espine EA, Nicholls MG, Richards AM. Treatment of heart failure guided by plasma aminoterminal brain natriuretic peptide (N-BNP) concentrations. The Lancet. 2000;355(9210):1126–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02060-2CrossRef

41.

Jourdain P, Jondeau G, Funck F, et al. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide-guided therapy to improve outcome in heart failure: the STARS-BNP multicenter study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49(16):1733–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2006.10.081CrossRefPubMed

42.

Lainchbury JG, Troughton RW, Strangman KM, et al. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide-guided treatment for chronic heart failure: results from the BATTLESCARRED (NT-proBNP-Assisted Treatment To Lessen Serial Cardiac Readmissions and Death) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;55(1):53–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2009.02.095CrossRefPubMed

43.

Berger R, Moertl D, Peter S, et al. N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide–guided, intensive patient management in addition to multidisciplinary care in chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(7):645–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2009.08.078CrossRefPubMed

44.

Porapakkham P, Porapakkham P, Zimmet H, Billah B, Krum H. B-type natriuretic peptide–guided heart failure therapy: a meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170(6):507–14. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2010.35CrossRefPubMed

45.

Januzzi JL, Rehman SU, Mohammed AA, et al. Use of amino-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide to guide outpatient therapy of patients with chronic left ventricular systolic dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58(18):1881–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2011.03.072CrossRefPubMed

46.

Eurlings LWM, van Pol PEJ, Kok WE, et al. Management of chronic heart failure guided by individual N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide targets: results of the PRIMA (Can PRo-brain-natriuretic peptide guided therapy of chronic heart failure IMprove heart fAilure morbidity and mortality?) Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;56(25):2090–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2010.07.030CrossRefPubMed

47.

Shah MR, Califf RM, Nohria A, et al. The STARBRITE trial: a randomized, pilot study of B-type natriuretic peptide–guided therapy in patients with advanced heart failure. J Card Fail. 2011;17(8):613–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2011.04.012CrossRefPubMed

48.

Stienen S, Salah K, Moons AH, et al. NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide)-guided therapy in acute decompensated heart failure: PRIMA II randomized controlled trial (can NT-proBNP-guided therapy during hospital admission for acute decompensated heart failure reduce mortality and readmissions?). Circulation. 2018;137(16):1671–83. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029882CrossRefPubMed

49.

Karlström P, Alehagen U, Boman K, Dahlström U, Group on behalf of the U study. Brain natriuretic peptide-guided treatment does not improve morbidity and mortality in extensively treated patients with chronic heart failure: responders to treatment have a significantly better outcome. Eur J Heart Fail. 2011;13(10):1096–103. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfr078CrossRefPubMed

50.

Persson H, Erntell H, Eriksson B, Johansson G, Swedberg K, Dahlström U. Improved pharmacological therapy of chronic heart failure in primary care: a randomized study of NT-proBNP guided management of heart failure – SIGNAL-HF (Swedish Intervention study – Guidelines and NT-proBNP AnaLysis in Heart Failure). Eur J Heart Fail. 2010;12(12):1300–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfq169CrossRefPubMed

51.

Ibrahim NE, Januzzi JL. The future of biomarker-guided therapy for heart failure after the guiding evidence-based therapy using biomarker intensified treatment in heart failure (GUIDE-IT) Study. Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2018;15(2):37–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11897-018-0381-0CrossRefPubMed

52.

Januzzi JL, Ahmad T, Mulder H, et al. Natriuretic peptide response and outcomes in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;74(9):1205–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2019.06.055CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

53.

van Veldhuisen DJ, Genth-Zotz S, Brouwer J, et al. High- versus low-dose ACE inhibition in chronic heart failure: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of imidapril. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998;32(7):1811–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(98)00464-1CrossRefPubMed

54.

Rosenberg J, Gustafsson F, Remme WJ, Riegger GAJ, Hildebrandt PR. Effect of beta-blockade and ACE inhibition on B-type natriuretic peptides in stable patients with systolic heart failure. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2008;22(4):305–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10557-008-6099-6CrossRefPubMed

55.

Latini R, Masson S, Anand I, et al. Effects of valsartan on circulating brain natriuretic peptide and norepinephrine in symptomatic chronic heart failure. Circulation. 2002;106(19):2454–8. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000036747.68104.ACCrossRefPubMed

56.

Lee YS, Kim KS, Lee JB, et al. Effect of valsartan on N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in patient with stable chronic heart failure: comparison with enalapril. Korean Circ J. 2011;41(2):61–7. https://doi.org/10.4070/kcj.2011.41.2.61CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

57.

White M, Lepage S, Lavoie J, et al. Effects of combined candesartan and ACE inhibitors on BNP, markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, and glucose regulation in patients with symptomatic heart failure. J Card Fail. 2007;13(2):86–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2006.10.013CrossRefPubMed

58.

Packer M, McMurray JJV, Desai AS, et al. Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibition compared with enalapril on the risk of clinical progression in surviving patients with heart failure. Circulation. 2015;131(1):54–61. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.013748CrossRefPubMed

59.

Du H, Li X, Zhao W, Jiang N. The difference between sacubitril valsartan and valsartan on vascular endothelial function, APN, MMP-9, and BNP Levels in Patients with Hypertension and Chronic Heart Failure. J Healthc Eng. 2022;2022:e9494981. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9494981CrossRef

60.

Rousseau MF, Gurné O, Duprez D, et al. Beneficial neurohormonal profile of spironolactone in severe congestive heart failure: results from the RALES neurohormonal substudy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;40(9):1596–601. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(02)02382-3CrossRefPubMed

61.

Boccanelli A, Mureddu GF, Cacciatore G, et al. Anti-remodelling effect of canrenone in patients with mild chronic heart failure (AREA IN-CHF study): final results. Eur J Heart Fail. 2009;11(1):68–76. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfn015CrossRefPubMed

62.

Beck-da-Silva L, de Bold A, Fraser M, Williams K, Haddad H. BNP-guided therapy not better than expert’s clinical assessment for β-blocker titration in patients with heart failure. Congest Heart Fail. 2005;11(5):248–55. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-5299.2005.04239.xCrossRefPubMed

63.

Nakaoka H, Kitahara Y, Amano M, et al. Effect of beta-adrenergic receptor blockade on atrial natriuretic peptide in essential hypertension. Hypertension. 1987;10(2):221–5. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.HYP.10.2.221CrossRefPubMed

64.•

Jensen J, Omar M, Kistorp C, et al. Twelve weeks of treatment with empagliflozin in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: A double-blinded, randomized, and placebo-controlled trial. Am Heart J. 2020;228:47–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2020.07.011. This study did not show a reduction in NT-proBNP levels with the use of empagliflozin, highlighting possible limitations in using SGLT2i to guide HF therapy when using BNP as a biomarker.CrossRefPubMed

65.•

Tanaka A, Hisauchi I, Taguchi I, et al. Effects of canagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic heart failure: a randomized trial (CANDLE). ESC Heart Fail. 2020;7(4):1585–94. https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12707. This study did not show reduction in NT-proBNP levels with the use of canagliflozin, highlighting possible limitations in using SGLT2i to guide HF therapy when using BNP as a biomarker.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

66.

Teerlink JR, Diaz R, Felker GM, et al. Cardiac myosin activation with omecamtiv mecarbil in systolic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(2):105–16. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2025797CrossRefPubMed

67.

Teerlink JR, Felker GM, McMurray JJV, et al. Acute treatment with omecamtiv mecarbil to increase contractility in acute heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67(12):1444–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2016.01.031CrossRefPubMed

68.

Ezekowitz JA, O’Connor CM, Troughton RW, et al. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and clinical outcomes. JACC Heart Fail. 2020;8(11):931–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2020.08.008.CrossRefPubMed

69.

The Consensus Trial Study Group*. Effects of enalapril on mortality in severe congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1987;316(23):1429–35. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198706043162301

70.

Hunt SA, Abraham WT, Chin MH, et al. 2009 Focused update incorporated into the ACC/AHA 2005 guidelines for the diagnosis and management of heart failure in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines developed in collaboration with the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53(15):e1–e90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2008.11.013CrossRefPubMed

71.

Jaffe AS, Apple FS, Mebazaa A, Vodovar N. Unraveling N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide: another piece to a very complex puzzle in heart failure patients. Clin Chem. 2015;61(8):1016–8. https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2015.243626CrossRefPubMed

72.

Maisel A, Mueller C, Nowak R, et al. Mid-region pro-hormone markers for diagnosis and prognosis in acute dyspnea: results from the BACH (biomarkers in acute heart failure) Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(19):2062–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2010.02.025CrossRefPubMed

73.

Darche FF, Baumgärtner C, Biener M, et al. Comparative accuracy of NT-proBNP and MR-proANP for the diagnosis of acute heart failure in dyspnoeic patients. ESC Heart Fail. 2017;4(3):232–40. https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12150CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

74.

Seronde MF, Gayat E, Logeart D, et al. Comparison of the diagnostic and prognostic values of B-type and atrial-type natriuretic peptides in acute heart failure. Int J Cardiol. 2013;168(4):3404–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.04.164CrossRefPubMed

75.

Potocki M, Breidthardt T, Reichlin T, et al. Comparison of midregional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in the diagnosis of heart failure. J Intern Med. 2010;267(1):119–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2009.02135.xCrossRefPubMed

76.

Chen Y, Wen Z, Peng L, et al. Diagnostic value of MR-proANP for heart failure in patients with acute dyspnea: a meta-analysis. Acta Cardiol. 2020;75(1):68–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/00015385.2018.1550887CrossRefPubMed

77.

Moertl D, Berger R, Struck J, et al. Comparison of midregional pro-atrial and B-type natriuretic peptides in chronic heart failure: influencing factors, detection of left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and prediction of death. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53(19):1783–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2009.01.057CrossRefPubMed

78.

von Haehling S, Jankowska EA, Morgenthaler NG, et al. Comparison of midregional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in predicting survival in patients with chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50(20):1973–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2007.08.012CrossRef

79.

Kriechbaum SD, Birmes J, Wiedenroth CB, et al. Exercise MR-proANP unmasks latent right heart failure in CTEPH. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2022;41(12):1819–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2022.08.017CrossRefPubMed

80.

Chow SL, Maisel AS, Anand I, et al. Role of biomarkers for the prevention, assessment, and management of heart failure: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2017;135(22):e1054–91. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000490CrossRefPubMed

81.

Schrier RW, Abraham WT. Hormones and hemodynamics in heart failure. Epstein FH, ed. N Engl J Med. 1999;341(8):577–85. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199908193410806CrossRefPubMed

82.

Armstrong PW, Stopps TP, Ford SE, de Bold AJ. Rapid ventricular pacing in the dog: pathophysiologic studies of heart failure. Circulation. 1986;74(5):1075–84. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.74.5.1075CrossRefPubMed

83.

Francis GS, Benedict C, Johnstone DE, et al. Comparison of neuroendocrine activation in patients with left ventricular dysfunction with and without congestive heart failure. a substudy of the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD). Circulation. 1990;82(5):1724–9. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.82.5.1724CrossRefPubMed

84.

Sullivan RD, Mehta RM, Tripathi R, Reed GL, Gladysheva IP. Renin activity in heart failure with reduced systolic function—New Insights. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(13):3182. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133182CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

85.

Vergaro G, Emdin M, Iervasi A, et al. Prognostic value of plasma renin activity in heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 2011;108(2):246–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.03.034CrossRefPubMed

86.

Vaduganathan M, Cheema B, Cleveland E, et al. Plasma renin activity, response to aliskiren, and clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized for heart failure: the ASTRONAUT trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 2018;20(4):677–86. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.973CrossRefPubMed

87.•

Park BE, Yang DH, Kim HJ, et al. Incremental predictive value of plasma renin activity as a prognostic biomarker in patients with heart failure. J Korean Med Sci. 2020;35(42) https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e351. This study highlights the potential of plasma renin activity for HF prognostication, independent of NT-proBNP levels or left ventricular ejection fraction.

88.

Rachwan RJ, Butler J, Collins SP, et al. Is plasma renin activity associated with worse outcomes in acute heart failure? A secondary analysis from the BLAST-AHF trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 2019;21(12):1561–70. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.1607CrossRefPubMed

89.

Gheorghiade M, Böhm M, Greene SJ, et al. Effect of aliskiren on postdischarge mortality and heart failure readmissions among patients hospitalized for heart failure: the ASTRONAUT tandomized trial. JAMA. 2013;309(11):1125–35. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.1954CrossRefPubMed

90.

McMurray JJV, Krum H, Abraham WT, et al. Aliskiren, enalapril, or aliskiren and enalapril in heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(16):1521–32. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1514859CrossRefPubMed

91.

Liu H, Luo H, Wang S, Zhang C, Hao J, Gao C. Aliskiren for heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Oncotarget. 2017;8(50):88189–98. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.21112CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

92.

van Kimmenade RRJ, Januzzi JL Jr. Emerging biomarkers in heart failure. Clin Chem. 2012;58(1):127–38. https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2011.165720CrossRefPubMed

93.

Chatterjee K. Neurohormonal activation in congestive heart failure and the role of vasopressin. Am J Cardiol. 2005;95(9, Supplement 1):8–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.03.003CrossRef

94.

Maisel A, Xue Y, Shah K, et al. Increased 90-day mortality in patients with acute heart failure with elevated copeptin. Circ Heart Fail. 2011;4(5):613–20. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.110.960096CrossRefPubMed

95.

Ibrahim NE, Januzzi JL Jr. Beyond natriuretic peptides for diagnosis and management of heart failure. Clin Chem. 2017;63(1):211–22. https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2016.259564CrossRefPubMed

96.

Zhong Y, Wang R, Yan L, Lin M, Liu X, You T. Copeptin in heart failure: review and meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta. 2017;475:36–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2017.10.001CrossRefPubMed

97.

Vishram-Nielsen JK, Gustafsson F. Vasopressin and vasopressin antagonists in heart failure. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2017;243:307–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/164_2017_28CrossRefPubMed

98.

Konstam MA, Gheorghiade M, Burnett JC, et al. Effects of oral tolvaptan in patients hospitalized for worsening heart failure the EVEREST outcome trial. JAMA. 2007;297(12):1319–31. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.297.12.1319CrossRefPubMed

99.

Ibrahim NE, Januzzi JL. Established and emerging roles of biomarkers in heart failure. Circ Res. 2018;123(5):614–29. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.312706CrossRefPubMed

100.

Tang WHW, Shrestha K, Martin MG, et al. Clinical significance of endogenous vasoactive neurohormones in chronic systolic heart failure. J Card Fail. 2010;16(8):635–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2010.03.011CrossRefPubMed

101.•

Jankowich M, Choudhary G. Endothelin-1 levels and cardiovascular events. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2020;30(1):1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2019.01.007. This study highlights the potential of ET-1 levels for HF prognostication.CrossRefPubMed

102.

Teerlink JR. Endothelins: pathophysiology and treatment implications in chronic heart failure. Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2005;2(4):191–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02696649CrossRefPubMed

103.

Francis GS, Cohn JN, Johnson G, Rector TS, Goldman S, Simon A. Plasma norepinephrine, plasma renin activity, and congestive heart failure. Relations to survival and the effects of therapy in V-HeFT II. The V-HeFT VA Cooperative Studies Group. Circulation. 1993;87(6 Suppl):VI40–8.PubMed

104.

Cohn JN, Levine TB, Olivari MT, et al. Plasma norepinephrine as a guide to prognosis in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1984;311(13):819–23. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198409273111303CrossRefPubMed

105.

Cabassi A, de Champlain J, Maggiore U, et al. Prealbumin improves death risk prediction of BNP-added Seattle heart failure model: results from a pilot study in elderly chronic heart failure patients. Int J Cardiol. 2013;168(4):3334–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.04.039CrossRefPubMed

106.

Castiglione V, Aimo A, Vergaro G, Saccaro L, Passino C, Emdin M. Biomarkers for the diagnosis and management of heart failure. Heart Fail Rev. 2022;27(2):625–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10741-021-10105-wCrossRefPubMed

107.

Kitamura K. Reprint of “adrenomedullin: a novel hypotensive peptide isolated from human pheochromocytoma”. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012;425(3):548–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.08.022CrossRefPubMed

108.

Pourafkari L, Tajlil A, Nader ND. Biomarkers in diagnosing and treatment of acute heart failure. Biomark Med. 2019;13(14):1235–49. https://doi.org/10.2217/bmm-2019-0134CrossRefPubMed

109.

Nagaya N, Satoh T, Nishikimi T, et al. Hemodynamic, renal, and hormonal effects of adrenomedullin infusion in patients with congestive heart failure. Circulation. 2000;101(5):498–503. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.101.5.498CrossRefPubMed

110.

Shah RV, Truong QA, Gaggin HK, Pfannkuche J, Hartmann O, Januzzi JL Jr. Mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide and pro-adrenomedullin testing for the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of patients with acute dyspnoea. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(17):2197–205. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehs136CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

111.

Richards AM, Doughty R, Nicholls MG, et al. Plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and adrenomedullin: prognostic utility and prediction of benefit from carvedilol in chronic ischemic left ventricular dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;37(7):1781–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(01)01269-4CrossRefPubMed

112.••

Packer M, Januzzi JL, Ferreira JP, et al. Concentration-dependent clinical and prognostic importance of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T in heart failure and a reduced ejection fraction and the influence of empagliflozin: the EMPEROR-Reduced trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 2021;23(9):1529–38. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.2256. This study highlights the largest benefit of empagliflozin use in patients with higher high-sensitivity troponin levels, suggesting the possibility of using troponin as a therapeutic biomarker when treating HF with an SGLT2 inhibitor.CrossRefPubMed

113.

Kociol RD, Pang PS, Gheorghiade M, Fonarow GC, O’Connor CM, Felker GM. Troponin elevation in heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;56(14):1071–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2010.06.016CrossRefPubMed

114.

La Vecchia L, Mezzena G, Ometto R, et al. Detectable serum troponin I in patients with heart failure of nonmyocardial ischemic origin. Am J Cardiol. 1997;80(1):88–90.CrossRefPubMed

115.

Perna ER, Macin SM, Canella JPC, et al. Ongoing myocardial injury in stable severe heart failure. Circulation. 2004;110(16):2376–82. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000145158.33801.F3CrossRefPubMed

116.

Santhanakrishnan R, Chong JPC, Ng TP, et al. Growth differentiation factor 15, ST2, high-sensitivity troponin T, and N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide in heart failure with preserved vs. reduced ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail. 2012;14(12):1338–47. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfs130CrossRefPubMed

117.

Horwich TB, Patel J, MacLellan WR, Fonarow GC. Cardiac troponin I is associated with impaired hemodynamics, progressive left ventricular dysfunction, and increased mortality rates in advanced heart failure. Circulation. 2003;108(7):833–8. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000084543.79097.34CrossRefPubMed

118.•

Howlett JG, Sharma N, Alemayehu WG, et al. Circulating troponin and further left ventricular ejection fraction improvement in patients with previously recovered left ventricular ejection fraction. ESC Heart Fail. 2020;7(5):2725–33. https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12863. This study finds increased high-sensitivity troponin levels in patients with worse ventricular function and higher likelihood of LVEF deterioration, suggesting the prognostic value of high-sensitivity troponin levels.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

119.

Florea VG, Rector TS, Anand IS, Cohn JN. Heart failure with improved ejection fraction: clinical characteristics, correlates of recovery, and survival. Circ Heart Fail. 2016;9(7):e003123. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.003123CrossRefPubMed

120.

Gohar A, Chong JPC, Liew OW, et al. The prognostic value of highly sensitive cardiac troponin assays for adverse events in men and women with stable heart failure and a preserved vs. reduced ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017;19(12):1638–47. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.911CrossRefPubMed

121.

Pandey A, Golwala H, Sheng S, et al. Factors associated with and prognostic implications of cardiac troponin elevation in decompensated heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: findings from the American Heart Association get with the guidelines–heart failure program. JAMA Cardiol. 2017;2(2):136–45. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2016.4726CrossRefPubMed

122.

Aimo A, Januzzi JL, Vergaro G, et al. High-sensitivity troponin T, NT-proBNP and glomerular filtration rate: a multimarker strategy for risk stratification in chronic heart failure. Int J Cardiol. 2019;277:166–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.10.079CrossRefPubMed

123.

Aimo A, Januzzi JL, Vergaro G, et al. Prognostic value of high-sensitivity troponin T in chronic heart failure: an individual patient data meta-analysis. Circulation. 2018;137(3):286–97. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.031560CrossRefPubMed

124.

Latini R, Masson S, Anand IS, et al. Prognostic value of very low plasma concentrations of troponin T in patients with stable chronic heart failure. Circulation. 2007;116(11):1242–9. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.655076CrossRefPubMed

125.

Lim FY, Yap J, Gao F, Teo LL, Lam CSP, Yeo KK. Correlation of the New York Heart Association classification and the cardiopulmonary exercise test: a systematic review. Int J Cardiol. 2018;263:88–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.04.021CrossRefPubMed

126.

Caraballo C, Desai NR, Mulder H, et al. Clinical implications of the New York Heart Association classification. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019;8(23):e014240. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.119.014240CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

127.

Aguirre Dávila L, Weber K, Bavendiek U, et al. Digoxin–mortality: randomized vs. observational comparison in the DIG trial. Eur Heart J. 2019;40(40):3336–41. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz395CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

128.

Neuberg GW, Miller AB, O’Connor CM, et al. Diuretic resistance predicts mortality in patients with advanced heart failure. Am Heart J. 2002;144(1):31–8. https://doi.org/10.1067/mhj.2002.123144CrossRefPubMed

129.

Masson S, Anand I, Favero C, et al. Serial measurement of cardiac troponin T using a highly sensitive assay in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation. 2012;125(2):280–8. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.044149CrossRefPubMed

130.

Gravning J, Askevold ET, Nymo SH, et al. Prognostic effect of high-sensitive troponin T assessment in elderly patients with chronic heart failure. Circ Heart Fail. 2014;7(1):96–103. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.113.000450CrossRefPubMed

131.

Greene SJ, Butler J, Fonarow GC, et al. Pre-discharge and early post-discharge troponin elevation among patients hospitalized for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: findings from the ASTRONAUT trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 2018;20(2):281–91. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.1019CrossRefPubMed

132.••

Vaduganathan M, Sattar N, Xu J, et al. Stress cardiac biomarkers, cardiovascular and renal outcomes, and response to canagliflozin. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022;79(5):432–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2021.11.027. This study highlights the delayed rise in high-sensitivity troponin levels in HFrEF patients treated with canagliflozin, suggesting the potential use of troponin levels as a therapeutic biomarker.CrossRefPubMed

133.

Weinberg EO, Shimpo M, De Keulenaer GW, et al. Expression and regulation of ST2, an interleukin-1 receptor family member, in cardiomyocytes and myocardial infarction. Circulation. 2002;106(23):2961–6. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000038705.69871.D9CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

134.

Januzzi JL, Peacock WF, Maisel AS, et al. Measurement of the interleukin family member ST2 in patients with acute dyspnea: results from the PRIDE (Pro-brain natriuretic peptide investigation of dyspnea in the emergency department) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50(7):607–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2007.05.014CrossRefPubMed

135.

Rehman SU, Mueller T, Januzzi JL. Characteristics of the novel interleukin family biomarker ST2 in patients with acute heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;52(18):1458–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2008.07.042CrossRefPubMed

136.

Sanders-van Wijk S, van Empel V, Davarzani N, et al. Circulating biomarkers of distinct pathophysiological pathways in heart failure with preserved vs. reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail. 2015;17(10):1006–14. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.414CrossRefPubMed

137.

Boisot S, Beede J, Isakson S, et al. Serial sampling of ST2 predicts 90-day mortality following destabilized heart failure. J Card Fail. 2008;14(9):732–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2008.06.415CrossRefPubMed

138.

Anand IS, Rector TS, Kuskowski M, Snider J, Cohn JN. Prognostic value of soluble ST2 in the valsartan heart failure trial. Circ Heart Fail. 2014;7(3):418–26. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.113.001036CrossRefPubMed

139.

Broch K, Ueland T, Nymo SH, et al. Soluble ST2 is associated with adverse outcome in patients with heart failure of ischaemic aetiology. Eur J Heart Fail. 2012;14(3):268–77. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfs006CrossRefPubMed

140.

Weir RAP, Miller AM, Murphy GEJ, et al. Serum soluble ST2: a potential novel mediator in left ventricular and infarct remodeling after acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(3):243–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2009.08.047CrossRefPubMed

141.

Gaggin HK, Motiwala S, Bhardwaj A, Parks KA, Januzzi JL. Soluble Concentrations of the interleukin receptor family member ST2 and β-blocker therapy in chronic heart failure. Circ Heart Fail. 2013;6(6):1206–13. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.113.000457CrossRefPubMed

142.

Yu L, Ruifrok WPT, Meissner M, et al. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of galectin-3 prevents cardiac remodeling by interfering with myocardial fibrogenesis. Circ Heart Fail. 2013;6(1):107–17. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.112.971168CrossRefPubMed

143.

Sharma UC, Pokharel S, van Brakel TJ, et al. Galectin-3 marks activated macrophages in failure-prone hypertrophied hearts and contributes to cardiac dysfunction. Circulation. 2004;110(19):3121–8. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000147181.65298.4DCrossRefPubMed

144.

Meijers WC, Januzzi JL, deFilippi C, et al. Elevated plasma galectin-3 is associated with near-term rehospitalization in heart failure: a pooled analysis of 3 clinical trials. Am Heart J. 2014;167(6):853–860.e4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2014.02.011CrossRefPubMed

145.

Imran TF, Shin HJ, Mathenge N, et al. Meta-analysis of the usefulness of plasma galectin-3 to predict the risk of mortality in patients with heart failure and in the general population. Am J Cardiol. 2017;119(1):57–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.09.019CrossRefPubMed

146.

Gandhi PU, Motiwala SR, Belcher AM, et al. Galectin-3 and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist use in patients with chronic heart failure due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Am Heart J. 2015;169(3):404–411.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2014.12.012CrossRefPubMed

147.

Kempf T, von Haehling S, Peter T, et al. Prognostic utility of growth differentiation factor-15 in patients with chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50(11):1054–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2007.04.091CrossRefPubMed

148.

Chan MMY, Santhanakrishnan R, Chong JPC, et al. Growth differentiation factor 15 in heart failure with preserved vs. reduced ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;18(1):81–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.431CrossRefPubMed

149.

Stahrenberg R, Edelmann F, Mende M, et al. The novel biomarker growth differentiation factor 15 in heart failure with normal ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail. 2010;12(12):1309–16. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfq151CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

150.

Anand IS, Kempf T, Rector TS, et al. Serial measurement of growth-differentiation factor-15 in heart failure. Circulation. 2010;122(14):1387–95. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.928846CrossRefPubMed

151.

Omar M, Jensen J, Kistorp C, et al. The effect of empagliflozin on growth differentiation factor 15 in patients with heart failure: a randomized controlled trial (Empire HF Biomarker). Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2022;21(1):1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-022-01463-2CrossRef

152.

Bouabdallaoui N, Claggett B, Zile MR, et al. Growth differentiation factor-15 is not modified by sacubitril/valsartan and is an independent marker of risk in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: the PARADIGM-HF trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 2018;20(12):1701–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.1301CrossRefPubMed

153.

Cotter G, Voors AA, Prescott MF, et al. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) in patients admitted for acute heart failure: results from the RELAX-AHF study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2015;17(11):1133–43. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.331CrossRefPubMed

154.

Zhang L, Smyth D, Al-Khalaf M, et al. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-7 (IGFBP7) links senescence to heart failure. Nat Cardiovasc Res. 2022;1(12):1195–214. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44161-022-00181-yCrossRef

155.

Shimizu I, Minamino T. Cellular senescence in cardiac diseases. J Cardiol. 2019;74(4):313–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjcc.2019.05.002CrossRefPubMed

156.

Gandhi PU, Gaggin HK, Sheftel AD, et al. Prognostic usefulness of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a novel biomarker of myocardial diastolic function? Am J Cardiol. 2014;114(10):1543–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.08.018CrossRefPubMed

157.

Gandhi PU, Gaggin HK, Redfield MM, et al. Insulin-like growth factor–binding protein-7 as a biomarker of diastolic dysfunction and functional capacity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: results from the RELAX trial. JACC Heart Fail. 2016;4(11):860–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2016.08.002CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

158.

Gandhi PU, Chow SL, Rector TS, et al. Prognostic value of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. J Card Fail. 2017;23(1):20–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2016.06.006CrossRefPubMed

159.

Hage C, Bjerre M, Frystyk J, et al. Comparison of prognostic usefulness of serum insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 in patients with heart failure and preserved versus reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Am J Cardiol. 2018;121(12):1558–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.02.041CrossRefPubMed

160.

Januzzi JL Jr, Packer M, Claggett B, et al. IGFBP7 (insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-7) and neprilysin inhibition in patients with heart failure. Circ Heart Fail. 2018;11(10):e005133. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.118.005133CrossRefPubMed

161.

Kalayci A, Peacock WF, Nagurney JT, et al. Echocardiographic assessment of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-7 and early identification of acute heart failure. ESC Heart Fail. 2020;7(4):1664–75. https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12722CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

162.

Ibrahim NE, Afilalo M, Chen-Tournoux A, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic utilities of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-7 in patients with dyspnea. JACC Heart Fail. 2020;8(5):415–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2020.02.009CrossRefPubMed

163.•

Bracun V, van Essen B, Voors AA, et al. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7), a link between heart failure and senescence. ESC. Heart Fail. 2022;9(6):4167–76. https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.14120. This study demonstrates how IGFBP7 is an independent and robust biomarker for HF prognosticationCrossRef

164.•

Adamson C, Welsh P, Docherty KF, et al. IGFBP-7 and outcomes in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: findings from DAPA-HF. JACC Heart Fail. 2023;11(3):291–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2022.09.004. This study demonstrates how IGFBP7 is an independent and robust biomarker for HF prognostication.CrossRefPubMed

165.

Blum S, Aeschbacher S, Meyre P, et al. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 and risk of congestive heart failure hospitalization in patients with atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm. 2021;18(4):512–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.11.028CrossRefPubMed

166.

Januzzi JL Jr, Butler J, Sattar N, et al. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 predicts renal and cardiovascular outcomes in the canagliflozin cardiovascular assessment study. Diabetes Care. 2020;44(1):210–6. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1889CrossRefPubMed

167.

Solomon SD, McMurray JJV, Anand IS, et al. Angiotensin–neprilysin inhibition in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(17):1609–20. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1908655CrossRefPubMed

168.

Demissei BG, Cotter G, Prescott MF, et al. A multimarker multi-time point-based risk stratification strategy in acute heart failure: results from the RELAX-AHF trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017;19(8):1001–10. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.749CrossRefPubMed

169.

Ahmad T, Fiuzat M, Pencina MJ, et al. Charting a roadmap for heart failure biomarker studies. JACC Heart Fail. 2014;2(5):477–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2014.02.005CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Titel: Do Heart Failure Biomarkers Influence Heart Failure Treatment Response?
verfasst von: Tiffany Yuen
Pishoy Gouda
Robert Margaryan
Justin Ezekowitz
Publikationsdatum: 07.09.2023
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Current Heart Failure Reports / Ausgabe 5/2023
Print ISSN: 1546-9530
Elektronische ISSN: 1546-9549
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11897-023-00625-x

Neu im Fachgebiet Kardiologie

„Jeder Fall von plötzlichem Tod muss obduziert werden!“

17.05.2024 Plötzlicher Herztod Nachrichten

Ein signifikanter Anteil der Fälle von plötzlichem Herztod ist genetisch bedingt. Um ihre Verwandten vor diesem Schicksal zu bewahren, sollten jüngere Personen, die plötzlich unerwartet versterben, ausnahmslos einer Autopsie unterzogen werden.

Hirnblutung unter DOAK und VKA ähnlich bedrohlich

17.05.2024 Direkte orale Antikoagulanzien Nachrichten

Kommt es zu einer nichttraumatischen Hirnblutung, spielt es keine große Rolle, ob die Betroffenen zuvor direkt wirksame orale Antikoagulanzien oder Marcumar bekommen haben: Die Prognose ist ähnlich schlecht.

Schlechtere Vorhofflimmern-Prognose bei kleinem linken Ventrikel

17.05.2024 Vorhofflimmern Nachrichten

Nicht nur ein vergrößerter, sondern auch ein kleiner linker Ventrikel ist bei Vorhofflimmern mit einer erhöhten Komplikationsrate assoziiert. Der Zusammenhang besteht nach Daten aus China unabhängig von anderen Risikofaktoren.

Semaglutid bei Herzinsuffizienz: Wie erklärt sich die Wirksamkeit?

17.05.2024 Herzinsuffizienz Nachrichten

Bei adipösen Patienten mit Herzinsuffizienz des HFpEF-Phänotyps ist Semaglutid von symptomatischem Nutzen. Resultiert dieser Benefit allein aus der Gewichtsreduktion oder auch aus spezifischen Effekten auf die Herzinsuffizienz-Pathogenese? Eine neue Analyse gibt Aufschluss.

Update Kardiologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen

Die Highlights vom Kongress des American College of Cardiology 2024

Springer Medizin

Do Heart Failure Biomarkers Influence Heart Failure Treatment Response?

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent Findings

Summary

Neu im Fachgebiet Kardiologie

„Jeder Fall von plötzlichem Tod muss obduziert werden!“

Hirnblutung unter DOAK und VKA ähnlich bedrohlich

Schlechtere Vorhofflimmern-Prognose bei kleinem linken Ventrikel

Semaglutid bei Herzinsuffizienz: Wie erklärt sich die Wirksamkeit?

Update Kardiologie

Die Highlights vom Kongress des American College of Cardiology 2024

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent Findings

Summary

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 5/2023

Telemedicine: an Effective and Low-Cost Lesson From the COVID-19 Pandemic for the Management of Heart Failure Patients

Mechanism of COVID-19-Induced Cardiac Damage from Patient, In Vitro and Animal Studies

Multimorbidity in Heart Failure: Leveraging Cluster Analysis to Guide Tailored Treatment Strategies

Heart Failure-Related Iron Deficiency Anemia Pathophysiology and Laboratory Diagnosis

Novel Therapeutic Strategies in Heart Failure in Adult Congenital Heart Disease: of Medicines and Devices

Discovering Distinct Phenotypical Clusters in Heart Failure Across the Ejection Fraction Spectrum: a Systematic Review

Neu im Fachgebiet Kardiologie

„Jeder Fall von plötzlichem Tod muss obduziert werden!“

Hirnblutung unter DOAK und VKA ähnlich bedrohlich

Schlechtere Vorhofflimmern-Prognose bei kleinem linken Ventrikel

Semaglutid bei Herzinsuffizienz: Wie erklärt sich die Wirksamkeit?

Update Kardiologie