Introduction
Materials and methods
Animals and chemicals
Serum analyses
BMD measurement
Biomechanical testing
Preparation for microscopy and microradiography
Qualitative and quantitative bone morphometry
Statistics
Results
Serum analyses
Body weight
BMD and bone areas (qCT)
Biomechanical testing
Microradiography and morphometry
Osteoporotic control | Testosterone | Raloxifene | Estrogen | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total bone area (mm2; mean) | 23.66 ± 2.26 | 24.67 ± 3.11 | 23.37 ± 3.39 | 20.99 ± 2.54a
|
Trabecular bone area (mm2; mean) | 2.553 ± 0.90 | 4.253 ± 1.18a
| 4.223 ± 1.10a
| 4.276 ± 0.99a
|
Percentage of trabecular bone (%; mean) | 10.62 ± 2.994 | 17.01 ± 3.223a
| 17.95 ± 3.371a
| 20.18 ± 2.909a
|
Trabecular bone area/cancellous bone area ratio (Tb.Ar./Cn.Ar.) (mean) | 7.40 ± 3.01 | 4.87 ± 0.68a
| 4.19 ± 0.71a
| 3.70 ± 0.53a
|
Trabecular length (μm; mean) | 102.7 ± 7.28 | 99.45 ± 5.11 | 108.2 ± 9.74 | 103.2 ± 5.88 |
Number of nodes (mean) | 150.3 ± 59.87 | 311.1 ± 140.10a
| 306.1 ± 129.40a
| 365.6 ± 122.20a
|
Cortical bone area (mm2; mean) | 6.701 ± 0.62 | 4.443 ± 1.61a
| 6.165 ± 0.77a
| 5.575 ± 0.64a
|
Percentage of cortical bone (%; mean) | 28.59 ± 3.98 | 18.68 ± 8.41a
| 30.02 ± 4.41 | 26.77 ± 3.10 |
Cortical width lateral (μm; mean) | 457.7 ± 48.29 | 388.0 ± 48.29a
| 498.6 ± 36.87a
| 396.2 ± 23.74a
|
Cortical width medial (μm; mean) | 324.1 ± 21.33 | 254.4 ± 41.95a
| 349.0 ± 42.60 | 273.8 ± 34.68a
|
Pearson correlation test
F
max
| Yield load | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Pearson r
|
R
2
| Pearson r
|
R
2
| |
Total bone area | −0.4964* | 0.2464* | −0.2937* | 0.0863* |
Trabecular bone area | 0.1665 | 0.0277 | 0.4030* | 0.1624* |
Tb.Ar./Cn.Ar. ratio | 0.5531* | 0.3060* | 0.6186* | 0.3826* |
Number of nodes | 0.1885 | 0.0355 | 0.4773* | 0.2279* |
Trabecular length | 0.3212* | 0.1032* | 0.2001 | 0.0400 |
Cortical bone area | −0.2800 | 0.0784 | −0.2736 | 0.0749 |
Percentage of cortical bone | 0.2656 | 0.0706 | 0.1429 | 0.0204 |
Average cortical width | 0.3226* | 0.1041* | −0.0407 | 0.0016 |