nach oben

Erschienen in:

06.12.2022 | Original Article

Effects of concurrent exercise training on body composition, systemic inflammation, and components of metabolic syndrome in inactive academics: a randomised controlled trial

verfasst von: Samuel M. Higham, Amy E. Mendham, Simon Rosenbaum, Nicholas G. Allen, Greg Smith, Antony Stadnyk, Rob Duffield

Erschienen in: European Journal of Applied Physiology | Ausgabe 4/2023

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose

Low physical activity in the academic workplace may increase the risk of cardiometabolic disease. This randomised controlled trial investigated the effect of 14 weeks of concurrent exercise training (CT) on components of metabolic syndrome, body composition, insulin resistance, and markers of systemic inflammation in inactive academics.

Methods

59 inactive academics were randomised into a CT (n = 29) or wait-list control group (n = 30). CT performed supervised training at an onsite facility 3 times per week for 14 weeks and cardiometabolic health was assessed pre- and post-intervention. Aerobic capacity was measured via a metabolic cart. Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry measured fat mass, lean mass, and central adiposity. Fasting blood samples were analysed for interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), glucose, and lipid profile.

Results

Following the intervention, there was a decrease in fat mass (mean ± SD; – 1.3 ± 1.4%), android fat mass (median (IQR); – 0.06 (0.27) kg), and visceral adipose tissue (median (IQR); – 66 (110) cm³) in CT, but not control. Lean mass (median (IQR); 1.35 (1.86) kg) and aerobic capacity (mean ± SD; 4.0 ± 3.1 mL/kg/min) increased in CT, but not in control. There were no changes in IL-6, TNF-a, HOMA-IR, glucose, or lipid profile in response to the intervention (P > 0.05). Changes in insulin resistance were positively associated with IL-6 in the control group only (coefficients [95%CI]; 5.957 [2.961, 8.953]).

Conclusion

Implementing combined aerobic and resistance exercise training programs in academic institutions may be an appropriate intervention to increase physical activity and reduce risk factors associated with cardiometabolic disease.

Trial Registration

The study was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry on the 23rd of April, 2019 (ACTRN12619000608167).

Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA, International Association for the Study of O (2009) Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation 120(16):1640–1645. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644CrossRefPubMed

Bakker EA, Lee DC, Sui X, Artero EG, Ruiz JR, Eijsvogels TM, Blair SN (2017) Association of resistance exercise, independent of and combined with aerobic exercise, with the incidence of metabolic syndrome

Brunelli DT, Chacon-Mikahil MP, Gaspari AF, Lopes WA, Bonganha V, Bonfante IL, Cavaglieri CR (2015) Combined training reduces subclinical inflammation in obese middle-age men. Med Sci Sports Exerc 47(10):2207–2215. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000658CrossRefPubMed

Coffey VG, Hawley JA (2016) Concurrent exercise training: Do opposites distract? J Physiol

Conn VS, Koopman RJ, Ruppar TM, Phillips LJ, Mehr DR, Hafdahl AR (2014) Insulin sensitivity following exercise interventions: systematic review and meta-analysis of outcomes among healthy adults. J Primary Care Commun Health 5(3):211–222CrossRef

Cooper K, Barton GC (2016) An exploration of physical activity and wellbeing in university employees. Perspect Public Health 136(3):152–160. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757913915593103CrossRefPubMed

Cronin O, Keohane DM, Molloy MG, Shanahan F (2017) The effect of exercise interventions on inflammatory biomarkers in healthy, physically inactive subjects: a systematic review. QJM 110(10):629–637. https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcx091CrossRefPubMed

de Sevilla GGP, Vicente-Arche FC, Thuissard IJ, Barcelo O, Perez-Ruiz M (2021) Effectiveness of workplace exercise interventions on body composition: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Health Promot. https://doi.org/10.1177/08901171211014726CrossRefPubMed

Donges CE, Duffield R, Guelfi KJ, Smith GC, Adams DR, Edge JA (2013) Comparative effects of single-mode vs. duration-matched concurrent exercise training on body composition, low-grade inflammation, and glucose regulation in sedentary, overweight, middle-aged men. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 38(7):779–788. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2012-0443CrossRefPubMed

Fain JN, Madan AK, Hiler ML, Cheema P, Bahouth SW (2004) Comparison of the release of adipokines by adipose tissue, adipose tissue matrix, and adipocytes from visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissues of obese humans. Endocrinology 145(5):2273–2282. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2003-1336CrossRefPubMed

Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang AG, Buchner A (2007) G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods 39(2):175–191. https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03193146CrossRefPubMed

Fetherston C, Fetherston A, Batt S, Sully M, Wei R (2020) Wellbeing and work-life merge in Australian and UK academics. Studies in Higher Education, 1–15

Godin G, Shephard RJ (1997) Godin leisure-time exercise questionnaire. Med Sci Sports Exerc 29(6s):S36

Hamer M, Sabia S, Batty GD, Shipley MJ, Tabak AG, Singh-Manoux A, Kivimaki M (2012) Physical activity and inflammatory markers over 10 years: follow-up in men and women from the Whitehall II cohort study. Circulation 126(8):928–933. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.103879CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Hayashino Y, Jackson JL, Hirata T, Fukumori N, Nakamura F, Fukuhara S, Ishii H (2014) Effects of exercise on C-reactive protein, inflammatory cytokine and adipokine in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Metabolism 63(3):431–440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2013.08.018CrossRefPubMed

Hivert MF, Sullivan LM, Fox CS, Nathan DM, D’Agostino RB Sr, Wilson PW, Meigs JB (2008) Associations of adiponectin, resistin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha with insulin resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93(8):3165–3172. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2008-0425CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Hotamisligil GS (2017) Foundations of immunometabolism and implications for metabolic health and disease. Immunity 47(3):406–420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2017.08.009CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Hunter JR, Gordon BA, Bird SR, Benson AC (2020) Exercise supervision is important for cardiometabolic health improvements: a 16-week randomized controlled trial. J Strength Condition Res 34(3):866–877CrossRef

Ihalainen JK, Schumann M, Eklund D, Hamalainen M, Moilanen E, Paulsen G, Mero AA (2018) Combined aerobic and resistance training decreases inflammation markers in healthy men. Scand J Med Sci Sports 28(1):40–47. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12906CrossRefPubMed

Jamka M, Madry E, Krzyzanowska-Jankowska P, Skrypnik D, Szulinska M, Madry R, Walkowiak J (2021) The effect of endurance and endurance-strength training on body composition and cardiometabolic markers in abdominally obese women: a randomised trial. Sci Rep 11(1):12339. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90526-7CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Kern PA, Ranganathan S, Li C, Wood L, Ranganathan G (2001) Adipose tissue tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 expression in human obesity and insulin resistance. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 280(5):E745-751. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.2001.280.5.E745CrossRefPubMed

Langleite TM, Jensen J, Norheim F, Gulseth HL, Tangen DS, Kolnes KJ, Drevon CA (2016) Insulin sensitivity, body composition and adipose depots following 12 w combined endurance and strength training in dysglycemic and normoglycemic sedentary men. Arch Physiol Biochem 122(4):167–179. https://doi.org/10.1080/13813455.2016.1202985CrossRefPubMed

Libardi CA, De Souza GV, Cavaglieri CR, Madruga VA, Chacon-Mikahil MP (2012) Effect of resistance, endurance, and concurrent training on TNF-alpha, IL-6, and CRP. Med Sci Sports Exerc 44(1):50–56. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e318229d2e9CrossRefPubMed

Lin X, Zhang X, Guo J, Roberts CK, McKenzie S, Wu WC, Song Y (2015) Effects of exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness and biomarkers of cardiometabolic health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Am Heart Assoc 4(7):e002014. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.115.002014CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC (1985) Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 28(7):412–419. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00280883CrossRefPubMed

MetricWire Inc. (2019). MetricWire (Version 4.2.5) [Mobile application software]

NHLBI Obesity Education Initiative (2000) The practical guide: Identification, evaluation and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults.: National Institutes of Health (NIH Publication Number 004084)

Norcross J, Van Loan MD (2004) Validation of fan beam dual energy x ray absorptiometry for body composition assessment in adults aged 18–45 years. Br J Sports Med 38(4):472–476. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2003.005413CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Olarescu NC, Jørgensen AP, Godang K, Jurik AG, Frøslie KF, Bollerslev J (2014) Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is a valid method to estimatimate visceral adipose tissue in adult patients with prader-willi syndrome during treatment with growth hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metabol 99(9):E1727–E1731CrossRef

Park HS, Park JY, Yu R (2005) Relationship of obesity and visceral adiposity with serum concentrations of CRP, TNF-alpha and IL-6. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 69(1):29–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2004.11.007CrossRefPubMed

Pedersen BK (2011) Exercise-induced myokines and their role in chronic diseases. Brain Behav Immunity 25(5):811–816CrossRef

Preis SR, Massaro JM, Robins SJ, Hoffmann U, Vasan RS, Irlbeck T, Fox CS (2010) Abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue and insulin resistance in the Framingham heart study. Obesity (silver Spring) 18(11):2191–2198. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2010.59CrossRefPubMed

Safi A, Cole M, Kelly AL, Walker NC (2021) An evaluation of physical activity levels amongst university employees. Adv Phys Educat 11(02):158CrossRef

Schroeder EC, Franke WD, Sharp RL, Lee DC (2019) Comparative effectiveness of aerobic, resistance, and combined training on cardiovascular disease risk factors: A randomized controlled trial. PLoS ONE 14(1):e0210292. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210292CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Schultz AB, Edington DW (2009) Metabolic syndrome in a workplace: prevalence, co-morbidities, and economic impact. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 7(5):459–468. https://doi.org/10.1089/met.2009.0008CrossRefPubMed

Shiel F, Persson C, Simas V, Furness J, Climstein M, Schram B (2017) Investigating the level of agreement of two positioning protocols when using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in the assessment of body composition. PeerJ 5:e3880. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3880CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Spranger J, Kroke A, Möhlig M, Hoffmann K, Bergmann MM, Ristow M, Pfeiffer AF (2003) Inflammatory cytokines and the risk to develop type 2 diabetes: results of the prospective population-based European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam Study. Diabetes 52(3):812–817CrossRefPubMed

SPRINT Research Group, Wright JT Jr, Williamson JD, Whelton PK, Snyder JK, Sink Ambrosius KMWT (2015) A Randomized trial of intensive versus standard blood-pressure control. N Engl J Med 373(22):2103–2116. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1511939CrossRef

Tsenkova VK (2017) Leisure-time, occupational, household physical activity and insulin resistance (HOMAIR) in the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) national study of adults. Prev Med Rep 5:224–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.12.025CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Urbaniak GC, Plous S (2019) Research Randomizer (Version 4.0 [Computer software])

Villarroya F, Cereijo R, Gavalda-Navarro A, Villarroya J, Giralt M (2018) Inflammation of brown/beige adipose tissues in obesity and metabolic disease. J Intern Med 284(5):492–504. https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.12803CrossRefPubMed

Zhang D, Liu X, Liu Y, Sun X, Wang B, Ren Y, Hu D (2017) Leisure-time physical activity and incident metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies. Metabolism 75:36–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2017.08.001CrossRefPubMed

Titel: Effects of concurrent exercise training on body composition, systemic inflammation, and components of metabolic syndrome in inactive academics: a randomised controlled trial
verfasst von: Samuel M. Higham
Amy E. Mendham
Simon Rosenbaum
Nicholas G. Allen
Greg Smith
Antony Stadnyk
Rob Duffield
Publikationsdatum: 06.12.2022
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: European Journal of Applied Physiology / Ausgabe 4/2023
Print ISSN: 1439-6319
Elektronische ISSN: 1439-6327
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-022-05108-w

Neu im Fachgebiet Arbeitsmedizin

Das Geschlechterparadoxon in der gesundheitlich beeinträchtigten Lebenszeit – Ende eines Mythos?

Open Access Hüftgelenksbewegungseinschränkung Leitthema

Beginnend mit den 1920er-Jahren hat sich eine Vorstellung über die Geschlechterdifferenzen in Gesundheit und Mortalität etabliert, die von Lorber und Moore in dem einprägsamen Satz: „Women get sicker, but men die quicker“, zusammengefasst wurde [ 1 …, S. 13]. Tatsächlich erscheinen vor dem Hintergrund der höheren Lebenserwartung der Frauen die Studienergebnisse zu den Geschlechterdifferenzen in der Morbidität überraschend, wonach Frauen im Durchschnitt einen schlechteren Gesundheitszustand aufweisen als Männer [

Gesunde Lebenserwartung: Ein kritischer Blick auf Nutzen und Potenziale des demographischen Gesundheitsindikators

Open Access Leitthema

Die demographische Alterung hat vielfältige gesellschaftliche Konsequenzen, deren Ausmaß wesentlich vom Gesundheitszustand der Bevölkerung abhängt. Um diesen analysieren und bewerten zu können, wurden spezielle Kennziffern entwickelt, die in …

Wie hat sich die Lebenserwartung ohne funktionelle Einschränkungen in Deutschland entwickelt? Eine Analyse mit Daten des Deutschen Alterssurveys (DEAS)

Open Access Hüftgelenksbewegungseinschränkung Leitthema

Deutschland erfährt, wie andere Hocheinkommensstaaten, aufgrund kontinuierlich rückläufiger Mortalität und niedriger Geburtenraten tiefgreifende demografische Veränderungen. Der demografische Wandel führt in Deutschland zu einem zunehmend höheren …

Hitzeschutz im Fokus der hessischen Betreuungs- und Pflegeaufsicht

Open Access Klimawandel Übersichtsartikel

Im Sommer 2023 kündigte das Bundesministerium für Gesundheit (BMG) einen nationalen Hitzeschutzplan an und forderte die Länder auf, zu prüfen, „ob die Warnstufen des [Deutschen Wetterdienstes] DWD mit der Durchführung von Akutmaßnahmen …

Die Highlights vom Kongress des American College of Cardiology 2024

Springer Medizin

Effects of concurrent exercise training on body composition, systemic inflammation, and components of metabolic syndrome in inactive academics: a randomised controlled trial

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Trial Registration

Neu im Fachgebiet Arbeitsmedizin

Das Geschlechterparadoxon in der gesundheitlich beeinträchtigten Lebenszeit – Ende eines Mythos?

Gesunde Lebenserwartung: Ein kritischer Blick auf Nutzen und Potenziale des demographischen Gesundheitsindikators

Wie hat sich die Lebenserwartung ohne funktionelle Einschränkungen in Deutschland entwickelt? Eine Analyse mit Daten des Deutschen Alterssurveys (DEAS)

Hitzeschutz im Fokus der hessischen Betreuungs- und Pflegeaufsicht

Die Highlights vom Kongress des American College of Cardiology 2024

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Trial Registration

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 4/2023

Functional exercise capacity in maximal and submaximal activities of individuals with polio sequelae

Effect of age on shear modulus, muscle thickness, echo intensity of the upper limb, lower limb, and trunk muscles in healthy women

Determinants of LV mass in athletes: the impact of sport, constitutional traits and cardiovascular risk factors

Ischemic preconditioning and exercise performance: are the psychophysiological responses underestimated?

The resting serum metabolome in response to short-term sprint interval training

Eccentric exercise-induced muscle weakness amplifies the history dependence of force

Neu im Fachgebiet Arbeitsmedizin

Das Geschlechterparadoxon in der gesundheitlich beeinträchtigten Lebenszeit – Ende eines Mythos?

Gesunde Lebenserwartung: Ein kritischer Blick auf Nutzen und Potenziale des demographischen Gesundheitsindikators

Wie hat sich die Lebenserwartung ohne funktionelle Einschränkungen in Deutschland entwickelt? Eine Analyse mit Daten des Deutschen Alterssurveys (DEAS)

Hitzeschutz im Fokus der hessischen Betreuungs- und Pflegeaufsicht