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Erschienen in: Herz 5/2012

01.08.2012 | Schwerpunkt

EKG-Diagnostik bei Leistungssportlern

Neue Aspekte

verfasst von: Dr. A. Preßler, M. Halle

Erschienen in: Herz | Ausgabe 5/2012

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Zusammenfassung

Der plötzliche Herztod eines jungen Leistungssportlers ist meist die tragische Erstmanifestation einer bis dahin unentdeckten strukturellen oder elektrischen Herzerkrankung. Charakteristische EKG-Veränderungen können Vorboten derartiger Risikokonstellationen sein, sind aber oft schwer von trainingsassoziierten Veränderungen vergleichbarer Morphologie auf dem Boden einer physiologischen kardialen Adaptation abzugrenzen. Fehlinterpretationen können demnach zu unnötigem Sportverbot, unberechtigter Sportfreigabe oder kostenintensiven Zusatzuntersuchungen mit oft ebenfalls schwer zu interpretierenden Befunden führen. Durch systematische Auswertungen großer Sportlerkollektive konnte in den letzten Jahren allerdings eine Reihe von EKG-Veränderungen wie isolierte QRS-Erhöhung, Sinusbradykardie, AV-Block Grad I, frühe Repolarisation oder inkompletter Rechtsschenkelblock als typischerweise trainingsassoziiert und somit nicht abklärungsbedürftig erkannt werden. Repolarisationsstörungen, Q-Zacken, komplette Blockbilder oder abnorme QT-Intervalle treten dagegen auch bei Leistungssportlern selten auf und sind primär abklärungsbedürftig. Dem EKG kommt damit eine Schlüsselposition in der Prävention des plötzlichen Herztodes zu. Die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit stellt die kürzlich in Positionspapieren zusammengefassten, aktuell gültigen Kriterien zur Differenzialdiagnostik des Leistungssportler-EKG vor.
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Metadaten
Titel
EKG-Diagnostik bei Leistungssportlern
Neue Aspekte
verfasst von
Dr. A. Preßler
M. Halle
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2012
Verlag
Urban and Vogel
Erschienen in
Herz / Ausgabe 5/2012
Print ISSN: 0340-9937
Elektronische ISSN: 1615-6692
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-012-3636-7

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