Introduction
Methods
Design
Study population
Outcomes
Health conditions
Statistical analysis
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
Patient Demographics | N = 8,893 | Alive | Dead |
---|---|---|---|
Age mean (± std dev) | 63.5 (14.3) | 62.6 (16.0) | 70.5 (14.0) |
range | 21 – 90a | 21—90 | 21—90 |
Sex n (%) | |||
Male | 4,755 (53) | 4,247 (89) | 508 (11) |
Female | 4,138 (47) | 3,605 (87) | 533 (13) |
Race n (%) | |||
White | 6,531 (73) | 5,773 (88) | 758 (12) |
Black | 1,973 (22) | 1,734 (88) | 239 (12) |
Other | 389 (4) | 342 (88) | 44 (12) |
Diagnosis Subcategories mean (± std dev) | |||
Primary Diagnosis | 3 (2) | 2 (1) | |
Problem List | 5 (5) | 6 (5) | |
Diagnosis | 8 (8) | 9 (8) | |
Comorbidity | 6 (6) | 8 (6) | |
History | 2 (3) | 3 (3) | |
Discharge Diagnosis | 1 (5) | 2 (6) | |
Discharge Disposition n (%) | |||
Home | 4,683 (52.6) | ||
Died | 1,041 (11.7) | ||
Home care | 828 (9.3) | ||
Nursing facility | 1,566 (17.6) | ||
Other facility | 677 (7.6) | ||
Other | 98 (1.1) |
Diagnosis 1 | Diagnosis 2 | Diagnosis 3 | Diagnosis 4 | Lift | % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Two-way combinations | |||||
pl_Atelectasis | dx_Encounter.for.counseling | 6.54 | 76.7 | ||
cm_Essential.Hypertension | ddx_DNR | 6.33 | 74.2 | ||
cm_Acidosis | pdx_Cardiac.Arrest | 6.20 | 72.6 | ||
cm_Essential.Hypertension | dx_Encounter.for.counseling | 6.19 | 68.0 | ||
pl_Hypotension | pdx_Cardiac.Arrest | 5.80 | 65.9 | ||
pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | pdx_Cerebral.Hemorrhage | 4.70 | 55.1 | ||
cm_Congestive.heart.failure | hx_ARF.with.tubular.necrosis | 4.27 | 50.0 | ||
cm_Altered.mental.status | hx_Atherosclerosis.without.angina | 4.10 | 48.0 | ||
ddx_Kidney.Failure.Acute | ddx_Atrial.Fibrillation | 4.10 | 48.0 | ||
ddx_Coronary.atherosclerosis.of.native | ddx_Acute.respiratory.failure | 4.03 | 47.2 | ||
Three-way combinations | |||||
cm_Essential.Hypertension | dx_Abmoral.EKG | dx_Encounter.for.counseling | 6.57 | 77.0 | |
cm_Acidosis | pl_Atrial.Fibrillation | pl_Hypotension | 4.27 | 50.0 | |
pl_Dyspnea | pl_Hypotension | pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | 4.10 | 48.0 | |
cm_Congestive.heart.failure | dx_Abmoral.EKG | pl_Atrial.Fibrillation | 4.13 | 48.4 | |
pl_Kidney.Failure.Acute | cm_Acidosis | cm_Chronic.atrial.fibrillation | 4.11 | 48.2 | |
cm_Congestive.heart.failure | pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | dx_abnormal.blood.chemistry | 3.96 | 46.4 | |
cm_Anemia | cm_Acidosis | dx_Long.term.use.of..medications | 3.92 | 46.0 | |
cm_Essential.Hypertension | pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | cm_Chronic.Kidney.Diseases | 3.90 | 45.7 | |
cm_Congestive.heart.failure | pl_Atrial.Fibrillation | cm_Altered.mental.status | 3.79 | 44.4 | |
cm_Essential.Hypertension | pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | cm_Altered.mental.status | 3.75 | 43.9 | |
Four-way combinations | |||||
cm_Essential.Hypertension | cm_Anemia | cm_Acidosis | pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | 4.44 | 52.0 |
pl_Kidney.Failure.Acute | cm_Anemia | cm_Acidosis | pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | 4.27 | 50.0 |
pl_Kidney.Failure.Acute | cm_Acidosis | pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | cm_Chronic.Kidney.Diseases | 4.12 | 48.3 |
pl_Dyspnea | pl_Kidney.Failure.Acute | cm_Acidosis | cm_Chronic.kidney.disease.stage.3.moderate | 3.96 | 46.4 |
pl_Kidney.Failure.Acute | cm_Congestive.heart.failure | cm_Acidosis | cm_Chronic.Kidney.Diseases | 3.96 | 46.4 |
cm_Essential.Hypertension | dx_Encounter.due.to.tobacco | pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | ddx_Coronary.atherosclerosis.of.native | 3.94 | 46.2 |
cm_Essential.Hypertension | dx_Abmoral.EKG | pl_Hypotension | dx_ECG.abnormalities.non.specific | 3.94 | 46.2 |
cm_Essential.Hypertension | dx_Encounter.due.to.tobacco | pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | hx_Coronary.atherosclerosis.of.native | 3.79 | 44.4 |
pl_Kidney.Failure.Acute | cm_Congestive.heart.failure | pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | cm_Chronic.kidney.disease.stage.3..moderate. | 3.70 | 43.3 |
cm_Essential.Hypertension | dx_Abmoral.EKG | cm_Acidosis | pl_Hypotension | 3.47 | 40.6 |
Combination of comorbidities | % with combination, coverage | % died in-hospital, confidence | Odds ratio | Adjusted odds ratio | 95% confidence interval | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Individual diagnoses | ||||||
pdx_Cardiac.Arrest | 1.6 | 59.3 | 11.89 | 13.09 | 9.21-18.57 | |
dx_Encounter.for.counseling | 0.7 | 64.7 | 14.39 | 13.01 | 7.75-21.83 | |
ddx_DNR | 0.4 | 65.9 | 14.97 | 12.12 | 6.35-23.14 | |
pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | 9.6 | 29.4 | 3.83 | 4.00 | 3.37-4.73 | |
dx_Other.ascites | 1.1 | 28.0 | 2.98 | 3.56 | 2.26-5.60 | |
ddx_Acute.respiratory.failure | 1.2 | 33.3 | 3.87 | 3.39 | 2.23-5.14 | |
cm_Acidosis | 12.6 | 25.0 | 3.07 | 3.37 | 2.87-3.95 | |
dx_Hypothermia.due.to.exposure | 0.5 | 30.4 | 3.33 | 3.26 | 1.69-6.26 | |
hx_ARF.with.tubular.necrosis | 0.9 | 24.4 | 2.46 | 2.65 | 1.57-4.45 | |
hx_Coagulopathy | 1.3 | 29.1 | 3.16 | 2.54 | 1.68-3.84 | |
Two-way combination | ||||||
pl_Atelectasis & dx_Encounter.for.counseling | 0.3 | 76.7 | 25.32 | 24.75 | 10.29-59.50 | |
cm_Acidosis & pdx_Cardiac.Arrest | 0.5 | 72.6 | 20.63 | 21.97 | 11.62-41.52 | |
pl_Hypotension & pdx_Cardiac.Arrest | 0.2 | 68.0 | 16.27 | 20.12 | 8.53-47.47 | |
cm_Essential.Hypertension & ddx_DNR | 0.3 | 74.2 | 22.15 | 18.22 | 7.95-41.72 | |
cm_Essential.Hypertension & dx_Encounter.for.counseling | 0.4 | 72.5 | 20.42 | 16.37 | 8.02-33.36 | |
pl_Acute.respiratory.failure & pdx_Cerebral.Hemorrhage | 0.5 | 55.1 | 9.47 | 8.37 | 4.68-14.96 | |
cm_Congestive.heart.failure & hx_ARF.with.tubular.necrosis | 0.3 | 50.0 | 7.63 | 6.72 | 3.14-14.35 | |
pl_Atelectasis & ddx_Acute.respiratory.failure | 0.3 | 42.3 | 5.57 | 5.71 | 2.54-12.79 | |
pl_Acute.respiratory.failure & dx_Encounter.due.to.CABG | 0.4 | 44.4 | 6.11 | 5.55 | 2.82-10.91 | |
ddx_Kidney.Failure.Acute & ddx_Atrial.Fibrillation | 0.2 | 48.0 | 7.03 | 5.55 | 2.47-12.43 | |
Three-way combination | ||||||
pl_Dyspnea & pl_Hypotension & pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | 0.3 | 48.0 | 7.03 | 7.90 | 3.49-17.88 | |
cm_Acidosis & pl_Atrial.Fibrillation & pl_Hypotension | 0.4 | 50.0 | 7.65 | 6.91 | 3.46-13.76 | |
cm_Essential.Hypertension & pl_Hypotension & dx_ECG.abnormalities.non.specific | 0.3 | 42.9 | 5.71 | 6.32 | 2.93-13.60 | |
cm_Anemia & cm_Acidosis & dx_Long.term.use.of..medications | 0.4 | 46.0 | 6.50 | 6.00 | 3.07-11.70 | |
pl_Kidney.Failure.Acute & cm_Acidosis & cm_Chronic.atrial.fibrillation | 0.6 | 48.2 | 7.07 | 5.94 | 2.72-12.95 | |
cm_Congestive.heart.failure & cm_Acidosis & dx_Long.term.use.of..medications | 0.6 | 43.2 | 5.82 | 5.92 | 2.98-11.73 | |
cm_Congestive.heart.failure & pl_Acute.respiratory.failure & dx_abnormal.blood.chemistry | 0.3 | 46.4 | 6.60 | 5.58 | 2.57-12.10 | |
cm_Essential.Hypertension & pl_Acute.respiratory.failure & cm_Chronic.Kidney.Diseases | 0.4 | 45.7 | 6.43 | 5.57 | 2.81-11.00 | |
cm_Anemia & cm_Acidosis & pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | 0.7 | 40.0 | 5.13 | 5.32 | 3.19-8.87 | |
cm_Essential.Hypertension & pl_Hypotension & pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | 0.6 | 41.1 | 5.35 | 5.26 | 3.03-9.13 | |
Four-way combination | ||||||
cm_Essential.Hypertension & cm_Anemia & cm_Acidosis & pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | 0.2 | 52.0 | 8.26 | 8.76 | 3.96-19.40 | |
pl_Kidney.Failure.Acute & cm_Anemia & cm_Acidosis & pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | 0.3 | 50.0 | 7.63 | 7.75 | 3.65-16.47 | |
pl_Kidney.Failure.Acute & cm_Acidosis & pl_Acute.respiratory.failure & cm_Chronic.Kidney.Diseases | 0.3 | 48.3 | 7.12 | 7.53 | 3.56-15.91 | |
cm_Essential.Hypertension & dx_Abmoral.EKG & pl_Hypotension & dx_ECG.abnormalities.non.specific | 0.2 | 46.2 | 6.53 | 7.02 | 3.19-15.48 | |
pl_Kidney.Failure.Acute & cm_Congestive.heart.failure & cm_Acidosis & cm_Chronic.Kidney.Diseases | 0.3 | 46.4 | 6.61 | 6.49 | 3.02-13.95 | |
pl_Dyspnea & pl_Kidney.Failure.Acute & cm_Acidosis & cm_Chronic.kidney.disease.stage.3.moderate | 0.3 | 46.4 | 6.61 | 5.43 | 2.54-11.61 | |
pl_Dyspnea & pl_Kidney.Failure.Acute & cm_Acidosis & cm_Chronic.Kidney.Diseases | 0.3 | 39.3 | 4.92 | 5.28 | 2.40-11.61 | |
pl_Kidney.Failure.Acute & cm_Acidosis & pl_Atrial.Fibrillation & pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | 0.2 | 40.0 | 5.07 | 5.20 | 2.29-11.80 | |
cm_Essential.Hypertension & dx_Abmoral.EKG & cm_Acidosis & pl_Hypotension | 0.3 | 35.5 | 5.21 | 5.19 | 2.51-10.74 | |
cm_Essential.Hypertension & dx_Encounter.due.to.tobacco & pl_Atrial.Fibrillation & pl_Acute.respiratory.failure | 0.4 | 39.3 | 6.56 | 4.92 | 2.59-9.38 |