nach oben

AIDS and Behavior

Erschienen in:

06.02.2016 | Original Paper

HIV and STI Testing and Related Factors Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Estonia

verfasst von: Kristi Rüütel, R. David Parker, Liilia Lõhmus, Anti Valk, Toivo Aavik

Erschienen in: AIDS and Behavior | Ausgabe 10/2016

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STI) testing rates among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Estonia are low. We collected data from 265 MSM in a national, online survey. Lifetime HIV testing was related to risky sexual behaviors and contacts with health care services, while lifetime STI testing was related only to contacts with health care services. In addition, some personal values were significant predictors of testing. For example, high achievement (personal success through demonstrating competence according to social standards) had a negative impact on lifetime HIV testing, and high interpersonal conformity (avoiding upsetting others) had a negative impact on lifetime STI testing. The results demonstrate the need to develop gay-friendly health services and to recognize the role of personal values and individual differences in values when designing attractive interventions to increase HIV/STI testing rates among MSM.

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Sexually transmitted infections in Europe 2012. Stockholm: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control; 2014.

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. HIV/AIDS surveillance in Europe 2013. Stockholm: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control; 2014.

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. HIV and STI prevention among men who have sex with men. Stockholm: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control; 2015.

Berg RC. Predictors of never testing for HIV among a national online sample of men who have sex with men in Norway. Scand J Public Health. 2013;41(4):398–404.CrossRefPubMed

Do TD, Chen S, McFarland W, Secura GM, Behel SK, MacKellar DA, et al. HIV testing patterns and unrecognized HIV infection among young Asian and Pacific Islander men who have sex with men in San Francisco. AIDS Educ Prev. 2005;17(6):540–54.CrossRefPubMed

Sumartojo E, Lyles C, Choi K, Clark L, Collins C, Grey CG, et al. Prevalence and correlates of HIV testing in a multi-site sample of young men who have sex with men. AIDS Care. 2008;20(1):1–14.CrossRefPubMed

Wei C, Yan H, Raymond HF, Shi LE, Li J, Yang H, et al. HIV testing and awareness of partner’s HIV status among Chinese men who have sex with men in main partnerships. AIDS Behav. 2015. doi:10.1007/s10461-015-1121-z.

Wimonsate W, Naorat S, Varangrat A, Phanuphak P, Kanggarnrua K, McNicholl J, et al. Factors associated with HIV testing history and returning for HIV test results among men who have sex with men in Thailand. AIDS Behav. 2011;15(4):693–701.CrossRefPubMed

Choi KH, Lui H, Guo Y, Han L, Mandel JS. Lack of HIV testing and awareness of HIV infection among men who have sex with men, Beijing, China. AIDS Educ Prev. 2006;18(1):33–43.CrossRefPubMed

10.

Sifakis F, Hylton JB, Flynn C, Solomon L, MacKellar DA, Valleroy LA, et al. Prevalence of HIV infection and prior HIV testing among young men who have sex with men. The Baltimore young men’s survey. AIDS Behav. 2010;14(4):904–12.CrossRefPubMed

11.

Lyons A, Pitts M, Grierson J, Smith A, McNally S, Couch M. Sexual behavior and HIV testing among bisexual men: a nationwide comparison of Australian bisexual-identifying and gay-identifying men. AIDS Behav. 2012;16(7):1934–43.CrossRefPubMed

12.

Hart GJ, Williamson LM, Flowers P, Frankis JS, Der GJ. Gay men’s HIV testing behaviour in Scotland. AIDS Care. 2002;14(5):665–74.CrossRefPubMed

13.

Ballester-Arnal R, Ruiz-Palomino E, Gil-Llario MD. HIV testing among spanish youth: analysis of the mediating role of the big five personality and other psychological factors. AIDS Behav. 2015;19(11):2001–11.CrossRefPubMed

14.

Gu J, Lau JT, Tsui H. Psychological factors in association with uptake of voluntary counselling and testing for HIV among men who have sex with men in Hong Kong. Public Health. 2011;125(5):275–82.CrossRefPubMed

15.

Mikolajczak J, Hospers HJ, Kok G. Reasons for not taking an HIV-test among untested men who have sex with men: an Internet study. AIDS Behav. 2006;10(4):431–5.CrossRefPubMed

16.

Finlayson TJ, Le B, Smith A, Bowles K, Cribbin M, Miles I, et al. HIV risk, prevention, and testing behaviors among men who have sex with men–National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System, 21 U.S. cities, United States, 2008. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2011;60(14):1–34.PubMed

17.

Mimiaga MJ, Reisner SL, Bland S, Skeer M, Cranston K, Isenberg D, et al. Health system and personal barriers resulting in decreased utilization of HIV and STD testing services among at-risk black men who have sex with men in Massachusetts. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2009;23(10):825–35.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

18.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV prevalence, unrecognized infection, and HIV testing among men who have sex with men—five U.S. cities, June 2004–April 2005. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2005;54(24):597–601.

19.

Zhang L, Xiao Y, Lu R, Wu G, Ding X, Qian HZ, et al. Predictors of HIV testing among men who have sex with men in a large Chinese city. Sex Transm Dis. 2013;40(3):235–40.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

20.

MacKellar DA, Valleroy LA, Anderson JE, Behel S, Secura GM, Bingham T, et al. Recent HIV testing among young men who have sex with men: correlates, contexts, and HIV seroconversion. Sex Transm Dis. 2006;33(3):183–92.CrossRefPubMed

21.

Mackellar DA, Hou SI, Whalen CC, Samuelsen K, Sanchez T, Smith A, et al. Reasons for not HIV testing, testing intentions, and potential use of an over-the-counter rapid HIV test in an internet sample of men who have sex with men who have never tested for HIV. Sex Transm Dis. 2011;38(5):419–28.CrossRefPubMed

22.

Pyun T, Santos GM, Arreola S, Do T, Hebert P, Beck J, et al. Internalized homophobia and reduced HIV testing among men who have sex with men in China. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2014;26(2):118–25.CrossRefPubMed

23.

Shoptaw S, Weiss RE, Munjas B, Hucks-Ortiz C, Young SD, Larkins S, et al. Homonegativity, substance use, sexual risk behaviors, and HIV status in poor and ethnic men who have sex with men in Los Angeles. J Urban Health. 2009;86(Suppl 1):77–92.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

24.

Knox J, Sandfort T, Yi H, Reddy V, Maimane S. Social vulnerability and HIV testing among South African men who have sex with men. Int J STD AIDS. 2011;22(12):709–13.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

25.

Ross MW, Berg RC, Schmidt AJ, Hospers HJ, Breveglieri M, Furegato M, et al. Internalised homonegativity predicts HIV-associated risk behavior in European men who have sex with men in a 38-country cross-sectional study: some public health implications of homophobia. BMJ Open. 2013;3(2):e001928.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

26.

Johnson CV, Mimiaga MJ, Reisner SL, Tetu AM, Cranston K, Bertrand T, et al. Health care access and sexually transmitted infection screening frequency among at-risk Massachusetts men who have sex with men. Am J Public Health. 2009;99(Suppl 1):S187–92.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

27.

Tai E, Sanchez T, Lansky A, Mahle K, Heffelfinger J, Workowski K. Self-reported syphilis and gonorrhoea testing among men who have sex with men: national HIV behavioural surveillance system, 2003–2005. Sex Transm Infect. 2008;84(6):478–82.CrossRefPubMed

28.

Said MA, German D, Flynn C, Linton SL, Blythe D, Cooley LA, et al. Uptake of testing for HIV and syphilis among men who have sex with men in Baltimore, Maryland: 2004-2011. AIDS Behav. 2015;19(11):2036–43.CrossRefPubMed

29.

Aavik T, Aavik A, Punab M. Personal values that support and counteract utilization of a screening test for prostate cancer. Behav Med. 2014;40(1):22–8.CrossRefPubMed

30.

Goodwin R, Realo A, Kwiatkowska A, Kozlova A, Luu LA, Nizharadze G. Values and sexual behaviour in central and eastern europe. J Health Psychol. 2002;7(1):45–56.CrossRefPubMed

31.

Bulley C, Donaghy M, Payne A, Mutrie N. Personal meanings, values and feelings relating to physical activity and exercise participation in female undergraduates: a qualitative exploration. J Health Psychol. 2009;14(6):751–60.CrossRefPubMed

32.

Schwartz SH. Universals in the content and structure of values: theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. In: Mark PZ, editor. Advances in experimental social psychology, vol. 25. New York: Academic Press; 1992. p. 1–65.

33.

Schwartz SH, Cieciuch J, Vecchione M, Davidov E, Fischer R, Beierlein C, et al. Refining the theory of basic individual values. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2012;103(4):663–88.CrossRefPubMed

34.

Statistics Estonia. http://www.stat.ee/en (2015).

35.

Ruutel K, Trummal A, Salekešin M, Pervilhac C. HIV epidemic in Estonia: analysis of strategic information. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011.

36.

Marcus U, Hickson F, Weatherburn P, Schmidt AJ. Estimating the size of the MSM populations for 38 European countries by calculating the survey-surveillance discrepancies (SSD) between self-reported new HIV diagnoses from the European MSM internet survey (EMIS) and surveillance-reported HIV diagnoses among MSM in 2009. BMC Public Health. 2013;13:919.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

37.

The EMIS Network. EMIS 2010: The european men-who-have-sex-with-men internet survey. Findings from 38 countries. Stockholm: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control; 2013.

38.

Tripathi A, Ruutel K, Parker RD. HIV risk behaviour knowledge, substance use and unprotected sex in men who have sex with men in Tallinn, Estonia. Euro Surveill. 2009;14(48):1424.

39.

Ewing JA. Detecting alcoholism. The CAGE questionnaire. JAMA. 1984;252(14):1905–7.CrossRefPubMed

40.

Smolenski DJ, Diamond PM, Ross MW, Rosser BR. Revision, criterion validity, and multigroup assessment of the reactions to homosexuality scale. J Pers Assess. 2010;92(6):568–76.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

41.

Ruutel K, Lohmus L, Janes J. Internet-based recruitment system for HIV and STI screening for men who have sex with men in Estonia, 2013: analysis of preliminary outcomes. Euro Surveill. 2015;20:15.CrossRef

42.

Bardi A, Buchanan KE, Goodwin R, Slabu L, Robinson M. Value stability and change during self-chosen life transitions: self-selection versus socialization effects. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2014;106(1):131–47.CrossRefPubMed

43.

Bardi A, Lee JA, Hofmann-Towfigh N, Soutar G. The structure of intraindividual value change. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2009;97(5):913–29.CrossRefPubMed

44.

Marcus U, Schmidt AJ, Hamouda O, Bochow M. Estimating the regional distribution of men who have sex with men (MSM) based on Internet surveys. BMC Public Health. 2009;9:180.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

45.

Weatherburn P, Schmidt AJ, Hickson F, Reid D, Berg RC, Hospers HJ, et al. The European men-who-have-sex-with-men internet survey (EMIS): design and methods. Sex Res Soc Policy. 2013;10(4):243–57.CrossRef

Titel: HIV and STI Testing and Related Factors Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Estonia
verfasst von: Kristi Rüütel
R. David Parker
Liilia Lõhmus
Anti Valk
Toivo Aavik
Publikationsdatum: 06.02.2016
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: AIDS and Behavior / Ausgabe 10/2016
Print ISSN: 1090-7165
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-3254
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1313-1

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

^{Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag}

Kostenlos registrieren

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

Die „Zehn Gebote“ des Endokarditis-Managements

30.04.2024 Endokarditis Leitlinie kompakt

Worauf kommt es beim Management von Personen mit infektiöser Endokarditis an? Eine Kardiologin und ein Kardiologe fassen die zehn wichtigsten Punkte der neuen ESC-Leitlinie zusammen.

Strenge Blutdruckeinstellung lohnt auch im Alter noch

30.04.2024 Arterielle Hypertonie Nachrichten

Ältere Frauen, die von chronischen Erkrankungen weitgehend verschont sind, haben offenbar die besten Chancen, ihren 90. Geburtstag zu erleben, wenn ihr systolischer Blutdruck < 130 mmHg liegt. Das scheint selbst für 80-Jährige noch zu gelten.

Frauen bekommen seltener eine intensive Statintherapie

30.04.2024 Statine Nachrichten

Frauen in den Niederlanden erhalten bei vergleichbarem kardiovaskulärem Risiko seltener eine intensive Statintherapie als Männer. Ihre LDL-Zielwerte erreichen sie aber fast ähnlich oft.

Reizdarmsyndrom: Diäten wirksamer als Medikamente

29.04.2024 Reizdarmsyndrom Nachrichten

Bei Reizdarmsyndrom scheinen Diäten, wie etwa die FODMAP-arme oder die kohlenhydratreduzierte Ernährung, effektiver als eine medikamentöse Therapie zu sein. Das hat eine Studie aus Schweden ergeben, die die drei Therapieoptionen im direkten Vergleich analysierte.

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 10/2016

HIV Risk Behavior Among Methamphetamine Users Entering Substance Abuse Treatment in Cape Town, South Africa

Unmet HIV Service Needs Among Hispanic Men who Have Sex with Men in the United States

The Road Less Travelled: Exploring Gay and Bisexual Men’s Explanations of ‘Uncommon’ Routes of HIV Transmission

Retaining HIV Patients in Care: The Role of Initial Patient Care Experiences

The Impact of Discrimination on the Mental Health of Trans*Female Youth and the Protective Effect of Parental Support

Condom Use During Commercial Sex Among Male Clients of Female Sex Workers in Sichuan China: A Social Cognitive Theory Analysis