nach oben

Die Diabetologie

Erschienen in:

01.02.2011 | Leitthema

Impaired fitness or obesity

What is more important for the development of metabolic syndrome, diabetes and cardiovascular disease

verfasst von: Dr. K. Esefeld, M. Halle, S.N. Blair

Erschienen in: Die Diabetologie | Ausgabe 1/2011

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide, resulting in premature cardiovascular mortality. This has been attributed to the increasing prevalence of obesity. However, multiple clinical and epidemiologic studies have also shown that high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness protect against the development of these metabolic disorders and at the same time reduce cardiovascular mortality. When comparing both parameters, cardiorespiratory fitness has been shown to be a more powerful parameter in the prevention of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease than obesity. Thus, to prevent cardiovascular disease, it is mandatory to promote physical activity that will increase physical fitness. An English fulltext version of this article is available under Springerlink as supplemental material.

Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich

Must A, Spadano J, Coakley EH et al (1999) The disease burden associated with overweight and obesity. JAMA 282(16):1523–1529PubMedCrossRef

Park YW, Zhu S, Palaniappan L et al (2003) The metabolic syndrome: prevalence and associated risk factor findings in the US population from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994. Arch Intern Med 163(4):427–436PubMedCrossRef

Lakka HM, Laaksonen DE, Lakka TA et al (2002) The metabolic syndrome and total and cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged men. JAMA 288(21):2709–2716PubMedCrossRef

Carnethon MR, Gulati M, Greenland P (2005) Prevalence and cardiovascular disease correlates of low cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents and adults. JAMA 294(23):2981–2988PubMedCrossRef

Ekelund U, Brage S, Franks PW et al (2005) Physical activity energy expenditure predicts progression toward the metabolic syndrome independently of aerobic fitness in middle-aged healthy Caucasians: The Medical Research Council Ely Study. Diabetes Care 28(5):1195–1200PubMedCrossRef

Franks PW, Ekelund U, Brage S et al (2004) Does the association of habitual physical activity with the metabolic syndrome differ by level of cardiorespiratory fitness? Diabetes Care 27(5):1187–1193PubMedCrossRef

Hassinen M, Lakka TA, Savonen K et al (2008) Cardiorespiratory fitness as a feature of metabolic syndrome in older men and women: the Dose-Responses to Exercise Training study (DR’s EXTRA). Diabetes Care 31(6):1242–1247PubMedCrossRef

Laaksonen DE, Lakka HM, Salonen JT et al (2002) Low levels of leisure-time physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness predict development of the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Care 25(9):1612–1618PubMedCrossRef

Lakka TA, Laaksonen DE, Lakka HM et al (2003) Sedentary lifestyle, poor cardiorespiratory fitness, and the metabolic syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc 35(8):1279–1286PubMedCrossRef

10.

Tuomilehto J, Lindstrom J, Eriksson JG et al (2001) Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med 344(18):1343–1350PubMedCrossRef

11.

Leite SA, Monk AM, Upham PA, Bergenstal RM (2009) Low cardiorespiratory fitness in people at risk for type 2 diabetes: early marker for insulin resistance. Diabetol Metab Syndr 1(1):8PubMedCrossRef

12.

Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS et al (1985) Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 28(7):412–419PubMedCrossRef

13.

Hassinen M, Lakka TA, Hakola L et al (2010) Cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic syndrome in older men and women: the dose responses to Exercise Training (DR’s EXTRA) study. Diabetes Care 33(7):1655–1657PubMedCrossRef

14.

Carnethon MR, Gidding SS, Nehgme R et al (2003) Cardiorespiratory fitness in young adulthood and the development of cardiovascular disease risk factors. JAMA 290(23):3092–3100PubMedCrossRef

15.

Imperatore G, Cheng YJ, Williams DE et al (2006) Physical activity, cardiovascular fitness, and insulin sensitivity among U.S. adolescents: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2002. Diabetes Care 29(7):1567–1572PubMedCrossRef

16.

Cummings DM, Dubose KD, Imai S, Collier DN (2010) Fitness versus fatness and insulin resistance in U.S. adolescents. Int J Obes (Lond) 2010

17.

Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) (2001) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 285(19):2486–2497CrossRef

18.

Harris MI, Flegal KM, Cowie CC et al (1998) Prevalence of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance in U.S. adults. The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994. Diabetes Care 21(4):518–524PubMedCrossRef

19.

Marrero DG (2009) The prevention of type 2 diabetes: an overview. J Diabetes Sci Technol 3(4):756–760PubMed

20.

Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Bowman BA et al (2003) Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. JAMA 289(1):76–79PubMedCrossRef

21.

Chan JM, Rimm EB, Colditz GA et al (1994) Obesity, fat distribution, and weight gain as risk factors for clinical diabetes in men. Diabetes Care 17(9):961–969PubMedCrossRef

22.

Carey VJ, Walters EE, Colditz GA et al (1997) Body fat distribution and risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in women. The Nurses’ Health Study. Am J Epidemiol 145(7):614–619PubMed

23.

Carnethon MR, Sternfeld B, Schreiner PJ et al (2009) Association of 20-year changes in cardiorespiratory fitness with incident type 2 diabetes: the coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA) fitness study. Diabetes Care 32(7):1284–1288PubMedCrossRef

24.

Pan XR, Li GW, Hu YH et al (1997) Effects of diet and exercise in preventing NIDDM in people with impaired glucose tolerance. The Da Qing IGT and Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care 20(4):537–544PubMedCrossRef

25.

Wei M, Gibbons LW, Mitchell TL et al (1999) The association between cardiorespiratory fitness and impaired fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes mellitus in men. Ann Intern Med 130(2):89–96PubMed

26.

Carnethon MR, Craft LL (2008) Autonomic regulation of the association between exercise and diabetes. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 36(1):12–18PubMedCrossRef

27.

Kraus WE, Slentz CA (2009) Exercise training, lipid regulation, and insulin action: a tangled web of cause and effect. Obesity (Silver Spring) 17(Suppl 3):S21–S26

28.

Lamonte MJ, Blair SN, Church TS (2005) Physical activity and diabetes prevention. J Appl Physiol 99(3):1205–1213PubMedCrossRef

29.

Melanson EL, Freedson PS (2001) The effect of endurance training on resting heart rate variability in sedentary adult males. Eur J Appl Physiol 85(5):442–449PubMedCrossRef

30.

Perseghin G, Price TB, Petersen KF et al (1996) Increased glucose transport-phosphorylation and muscle glycogen synthesis after exercise training in insulin-resistant subjects. N Engl J Med 335(18):1357–1362PubMedCrossRef

31.

Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE et al (2002) Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med 346(6):393–403PubMedCrossRef

32.

Lindstrom J, Ilanne-Parikka P, Peltonen M et al (2006) Sustained reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes by lifestyle intervention: follow-up of the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study. Lancet 368(9548):1673–1679PubMedCrossRef

33.

Pi-Sunyer X, Blackburn G, Brancati FL et al (2007) Reduction in weight and cardiovascular disease risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes: one-year results of the look AHEAD trial. Diabetes Care 30(6):1374–1383PubMedCrossRef

34.

Bennett WL, Ouyang P, Wu AW et al (2008) Fatness and fitness: how do they influence health-related quality of life in type 2 diabetes mellitus? Health Qual Life Outcomes 6:110PubMedCrossRef

35.

Blair SN, Kohl HW III, Paffenbarger RS Jr et al (1989) Physical fitness and all-cause mortality. A prospective study of healthy men and women. JAMA 262(17):2395–2401PubMedCrossRef

36.

Blair SN, Kohl HW III, Barlow CE et al (1995) Changes in physical fitness and all-cause mortality. A prospective study of healthy and unhealthy men. JAMA 273(14):1093–1098PubMedCrossRef

37.

Katzmarzyk PT, Church TS, Blair SN (2004) Cardiorespiratory fitness attenuates the effects of the metabolic syndrome on all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in men. Arch Intern Med 164(10):1092–1097PubMedCrossRef

38.

Katzmarzyk PT, Church TS, Janssen I et al (2005) Metabolic syndrome, obesity, and mortality: impact of cardiorespiratory fitness. Diabetes Care 28(2):391–397PubMedCrossRef

39.

Church TS, Lamonte MJ, Barlow CE, Blair SN (2005) Cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index as predictors of cardiovascular disease mortality among men with diabetes. Arch Intern Med 165(18):2114–2120PubMedCrossRef

40.

Myers J, Prakash M, Froelicher V et al (2002) Exercise capacity and mortality among men referred for exercise testing. N Engl J Med 346(11):793–801PubMedCrossRef

Titel: Impaired fitness or obesity
What is more important for the development of metabolic syndrome, diabetes and cardiovascular disease
verfasst von: Dr. K. Esefeld
M. Halle
S.N. Blair
Publikationsdatum: 01.02.2011
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in: Die Diabetologie / Ausgabe 1/2011
Print ISSN: 2731-7447
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7455
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11428-010-0614-7

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

^{Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag}

Kostenlos registrieren

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

Herzinfarkt mit 85 – trotzdem noch intensive Lipidsenkung?

16.05.2024 Hypercholesterinämie Nachrichten

Profitieren nach einem akuten Myokardinfarkt auch Betroffene über 80 Jahre noch von einer intensiven Lipidsenkung zur Sekundärprävention? Um diese Frage zu beantworten, wurden jetzt Registerdaten aus Frankreich ausgewertet.

CKD bei Diabetes: Neuheiten und Zukunftsaussichten

16.05.2024 DDG-Jahrestagung 2024 Kongressbericht

Jeder Mensch mit Diabetes muss auf eine chronische Nierenerkrankung gescreent werden – diese neue Empfehlung spricht die KDIGO aus. Die Therapie erfolgt individuell und je nach Szenario mit verschiedenen Substanzklassen. Künftig kommt wahrscheinlich, neben RAS-Hemmung, SGLT2-Inhibition und nsMRA, eine vierte Therapiesäule hinzu.

Riesenzellarteriitis: 15% der Patienten sind von okkulter Form betroffen

16.05.2024 Riesenzellarteriitis Nachrichten

In einer retrospektiven Untersuchung haben Forschende aus Belgien und den Niederlanden die okkulte Form der Riesenzellarteriitis genauer unter die Lupe genommen. In puncto Therapie und Rezidivraten stellten sie keinen sehr großen Unterschied zu Erkrankten mit kranialen Symptomen fest.

SGLT2-Inhibitoren und GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten im Schlagabtausch

16.05.2024 DDG-Jahrestagung 2024 Kongressbericht

Wer hat die Nase vorn – SGLT2-Inhibitoren oder GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten? Diese Frage diskutierten zwei Experten in einer Session auf dem diesjährigen Diabetes-Kongress.

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2011

Kardiovaskulärer Nutzen von körperlichem Training bei Diabetes mellitus Typ 2

Antidepressive Therapie und Diabetesrisiko in der „Diabetes Prevention Program- (DPP-) Study“

Diabetes und Depression

„Bewegung als Medikament“ in der Therapie des Typ-2-Diabetes

Kein erhöhtes Mortalitätsrisiko durch Metformin-Therapie bei Diabetespatienten mit Herzinsuffizienz